Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

STEP 1 > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

Their absorption dependent on ileum and pancreas

A

Vit. A D E K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

___ supplement can mask the hematologic symptoms of B12 deficiency but not the neurological symptoms

A

Vit B9 Folate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q 
Malabsorption 
Pernicious anemia (no IF b/c IF-ABs)
Gastric Bypass 
ileum resection (Chron's complication)
Metformin
Veganism (years)

can all cause deficiency of

A

Vitamin B12 Cobalamin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Damage to Medial Dorsal Thalamic Nuclei & Mammillary body

A

Wernicke Karsakoff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phenytoin, Sulfonamides, and Methotrexate can cause a deficiency of

A

Vit B9 Folate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Important for DNA synthesis

A

Vitamin B12 Cobalamin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Intrinsic Factor secreted by parietal cells help absorb what

A

Vitamin B 12 in the terminal ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

thiamine (TPP)

A

B1

*Wernicke Karsakoff Syndrome = deficiency in B1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

B-complex deficiencies often result in dermatitis, _____, and diarrhea

A

glossitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Component of Coenzyme A and Fatty Acid synthase

A

Vit B5 Pantothenic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Raw egg whites contain Avadin that can cause a deficiency of

A

Vit B7 Biotin

*long term ABx use can too

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
Deficiency causes:
 Dermatitis
enteritis
alopecia
adrenal insufficiency
A

Vit B5 Pantothenic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

niacin: NAD+

A

B3

*DHase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Retinol is Vitamin __

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

High Output Cardiac Failure
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Edema
alcoholic or malnourished

A

Wet Beri Beri

Vit B1 deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q 
Cofactor used in synthesis of: 
Niacin
Heme
Histamine
Catecholamines
Cystathionine (homocystinuria) 
GABA
Glutathione
A

Vit B6 Pyridoxine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q 
Deficiency causes:
Glossitis (red beefy tongue)
Diarrhea
Dementia (Hallucinations)
Dermatitis (necklace rash)
Hyperpigmentation on sun exposed skin
Mouth sores
A

Niacin Vit. B3

*can be caused by corn based diets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Maternal folic acid supplements for at least __ month prior to conception to prevent neural tube defects

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Deficiency causes:
Cheilosis (inflammation of lips and scaling/ tears at the corner of mouth)
Corneal Vascularization

A

Vit B2 (riboflavin) used in redox reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

All water soluble vitamins except __ and __ wash out of the body

A

B12 (liver for 3-4 years)

B9 (liver for 3-4 months)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cofactor for:

Transketolase
Pyruvate DHase
alpha Ketoglutarate DHase
Branched Chain Ketoacid DHase

A

Vit B1 (Thiamine as TPP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Bulky Foul Smelling poos

A

Malabsoprtion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q 
Deficiency causes:
Dry, Scaly skin
Bitot spot (foamy eye dots on conjuctiva)
Night Blindness
Immunosupression
Keratomalacia (corneal degeneration)
A

Vit A

24
Q 
Deficiency causes:
Megaloblastic anemia
Hypersegmented PMNs
Parasthesias
Subacute Combined Degeneration
abnormal myelin
A

Vitamin B12 Cobalamin

  • irreversible nerve damage if prolonged deficiency
  • anemia can also be microcytic
25
Q

biotin

A

B7

  • Carboxylases; building FAs
  • Hairloss
  • caused by long-term ABx use or eating RAW EGG whites (Avidin binds Biotin)
26
Q

Cofactor for CARBOXYLATION enzymes

A

Vit B7 Biotin

27
Q

isoniazid & OCPs can cause a deficiency of

A

Vit B6 Pyridoxine

28
Q

Cofactor used in transamination (ALT/AST) decarboxylation reactions
&
Glycogen phosphorylase

A

Vit B6 Pyridoxine

29
Q 
Toxicity causes:
Facial Flushing
Hyperuricemia 
Hyperglycemia
Puritis
N/V
A

Niacin Vit. B3

causes Podagra (gout)

30
Q 
ACUTE Toxicity causes:
Nausea
Vomitting
Vertigo
Blurry Vision
A

Vit A

31
Q

pyridoxine: PLP

A

B6

32
Q

Teratogen causes Cleft Palate and Heart defects

A

Vit A

33
Q

Pellagra (Diarrhea, Dementia, Dermatitis) can be caused by (4)

A

Vit. B3 Niacin deficiency
Hartnup Disease (↓ Tryptophan to make niacin)
Carcinoid Syndrome
Isoniazid (↓ B6)

34
Q

pantothenic acid: CoA

A

B5

35
Q

Deficiency causes:
↑ serum Homocystine
NORMAL Methylmalonic Acid levels

A

Vit B9 Folate

36
Q

cobalamine

A

B12

*stored in liver for ~ 3–4 years

37
Q

Important cofactor needed for the synthesis of Nitrogenous bases

A

Vit B9 (folate as THF)

38
Q

Shilling Test:

Oral Vit B12* given
IM Vit B12 given
Urine collects Vit B12*

> 5% Vit B12* in urine =
<5% Vit B12* in urine =

Oral Vit B12* & Oral Intrinsic Factor given
>5% Vit B12* in urine =

*(Radiolabled)

A

> 5%: Normal absorption/ function
<5%: Malabsorption (B12 retained)
5% + IF: Pernicious anemia (IF destroyed; B12 peed out)

39
Q

asorbic acid

A

vit. C

40
Q

Used to treat MEASLES

and AML

A

Vit A

41
Q

Deficiency causes:
Megaloblastic anemia
Hypersegmented PMNs
Glossitis

A

Vit B9 Folate

  • NO neuro symptoms like B12
  • anemia can also be microcytic
42
Q

Made from Tryptophan
Treats Dyslipidemia
Lowers VLDL
Raises HDL

A

Niacin Vit. B3

43
Q

Deficiency causes:
ATP depletion
elevated RBC Transketolase

A

Vit B1 (Thiamine as TPP)

44
Q

folate

A

B9

*stored in liver for ~ 3–4 months

45
Q

riboflavin: FAD, FMN

A

B2

*Complex 2, Succinate DHase (No B3 required)

46
Q

Deficiency causes:
↑ serum Homocystine
↑ Methylmalonic Acid levels

A

Vitamin B12 Cobalamin

*along with Vit B9 Folate deficiency

47
Q

Cofactor for
Methionine Synthase
Methylmalonyl CoA mutase

A

Vitamin B12 Cobalamin

48
Q

Polyneuropathy (foot/wrist drop)
muscle wasting
alcoholic or malnourished

A

Dry Beri Beri

Vit B1 deficiency

49
Q 
Deficiency causes:
Convulsions/ seizures
Hyper-irritability
Cheilosis/Glossitis
peripheral neuropathy
sideroblastic anemia (impaired Hb synth/ iron excess)
A

Vit B6 Pyridoxine

50
Q

Biotin is used by thee 3 enzymes

A 
Pyruvate Carboxylase (to Oxaloacetate for gluconeogenesis)
Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (to Malonyl CoA for FA synth)
Propionyl CoA Carboxylase (to Methylmalanyl CoA for FA breakdown)
51
Q

Patients who have undergone gastrectomy have reduced ___ levels, leading to weight loss.

A

ghrelin

52
Q

perifollicular hemorrhages, myalgias, subperiosteal hematoma, and gingivitis has typical features of

A

scurvy.

Asorbic acid Vitamin C deficiency

53
Q

deficiency is characterized by acrodermatitis enteropathica, growth retardation, and infertility.

A

Zinc

54
Q

Unlike Thymine, Cytosine is not dependent on ___ for synthesis

A

Vit. B9 folate (THF)

55
Q

Large doses of vitamin __ can give false negative stool guaiac results and are associated with diarrhea and abdominal bloating.

A

C

56
Q

CHRONIC Vitamin __ overuse can result in intracranial hypertension (papilledema) , skin changes and hepatosplenomegaly.

A

A

STEP 1 (88 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions