Autoimmune Flashcards
Budesonide (glucocorticoids) reduces inflammation by binding to a cytosolic receptor, ______, and inhibiting proinflammatory transcription factors such as nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB).
translocating into the nucleus
Oral budesonide is useful in Crohn disease because it has high topical potency and less systemic adverse effects than other glucocorticoids (prednisone) due to
high first-pass metabolism
Crohn disease with ileal resection or extensive ileal involvement can cause bile acid malabsorption/ impaired absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K).
______ deficiency can result in impaired coagulation with easy bruising, large hematoma formation in deep tissues and joints after minor trauma, and prolonged bleeding after surgery.
Vitamin K
can occur following administration of antigenic heterologous proteins such as chimeric monoclonal antibodies (eg, rituximab and infliximab) or nonhuman immunoglobulins (eg, venom antitoxins).
Serum sickness
a type III hypersensitivity reaction to nonhuman proteins characterized by vasculitis resulting from tissue deposition of circulating immune complexes. Clinical findings include fever, pruritic skin rash, arthralgias, and low serum C3 and C4 complement levels.
Serum sickness
Serum sickness is a type __ hypersensitivity reaction to nonhuman proteins characterized by vasculitis resulting from tissue deposition of circulating immune complexes. Clinical findings include fever, pruritic skin rash, arthralgias, and low serum C3 and C4 complement levels.
3
Anti–double-stranded DNA antibodies and anti-Smith antibodies have lower sensitivity but higher specificity for
SLE
*Common laboratory: low C3 and C4 levels and elevated inflammatory markers (CRP, ESR)
Immune-mediated destruction of the lacrimal &salivary glands
Sjogrens
Positive anti-Ro (SSA) &/or anti-La (SSB)
Sjogrens
Complications
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Corneal damage, dental caries
Sjogrens
Anti-scl-70 (anti-DNA topoisomerase I)
Scleroderma (diffuse)
Anti-histone
Drug Induced Lupus
anti MPO/ p-ANCA
Ulcerative colitis
Anti-hemidesmosome
Bullous Pemphigoid (Tense Blisters IgA)
Anti-Desmoglein (anti-desmosome)
Pemphigus Vulgaris (Fatal IgG ABs)
IgA anti- Transglutaminase
IgA anti- Endomysial
Celiac Disease
Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase
DM 1
Anti-centromere
Limited Scleroderma (Crest Syndrome)
Anti-mitochondrial
Primary Biliary Cholongitis
Anti-CCP
Rheumatoid Arthritis
IgM antibody against IgG Fc region
RF
Aphthous ulcers are the most common oral manifestation of this disease.
Chron’s
Selective __ deficiency is usually asymptomatic, although it is associated with an increased risk for giardiasis and recurrent sinopulmonary infections caused by encapsulated bacteria
IgA
In Sjogrens, patients typically have severe dry mouth (xerostomia) due to reduced saliva production, which can lead to an increased rate of
dental caries and other oral infections (eg, thrush)
The increase in the neutrophil count , from ____ use, results from “demargination” of neutrophils previously attached to the vessel wall.
Glucocorticoid
Necrotizing vasculitis of the upper and lower respiratory tract (causing nasal ulcerations, sinusitis, hemoptysis) and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis—producing a variable degree of renal failure—is characteristic of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener). This disease is associated with C-ANCAs, which may target ___ proteinase 3.
neutrophil
have a variety of effects like decreased proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1, interferon-gamma) production, increased anti-inflammatory cytokine (eg, IL-10) production, and impaired migration of leukocytes (eg, neutrophils) to sites of inflammation.
Glucocorticoids
*used to treat Sarcoidosis
Histopathologic examination of the skin lesions reveals damaged small vessels with fibrinoid necrosis, perivascular neutrophilic inflammation, and nuclear debris (ie, leukocytoclastic vasculitis). Immunofluorescence reveals deposition of IgA and C3.
IgA Vasculitis
HSP
Nasal mucosal ulcerations and glomerulonephritis and c-ANAC antibodies (pathognomonic) are most characteristic of _____.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)
Arthritis, Pleuritis (hurts to breath in), Pericarditis, Peritonitis, Thrombolic events, frequent pregnancy loss, seizures, antiphospholipid antibodies characteristics of
SLE
