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STEP 1 > Spinal Lesions Neuro > Flashcards

Spinal Lesions Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

Floppy baby with tongue twitching

A

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (Werdnig-Hoffmann)

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2
Q

Autosomal Recessive mutation in SMN1 resulting in defective snRNP assembly

A

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (Werdnig-Hoffmann)

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3
Q 
LMN only (No sensory defects)
Bilateral Symmetric Weakness
A

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (Werdnig-Hoffmann)

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4
Q

Congential degeneration of anterior motor horns of the spinal cord affecting LMNs

A

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (Werdnig-Hoffmann)

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5
Q

UMN (Face and extremities) & LMN degeneration.
No Sensory defects
No bowel or bladder deficits

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s)

*Spinal Muscular Atrophy (Werdnig-Hoffmann) has ONLY LMN

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6
Q

Defect in Superoxide dismutase 1

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s)

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7
Q

Bulbar palsy (Dysarthria, Dysphagia, Tongue atrophy)

A

LMN deficit

*Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s)

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8
Q

Pseudobulbar palsy (Dysarthria, Dysphagia, emotional lability)

A

UMN deficit

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s)

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9
Q

Early sign is weakness of hands

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s)

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10
Q

CST (UMN) damage
&
Anterior Motor Horn (LMN) damage

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s)

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11
Q

Damage spares only lissauer tract and Dorsal Columns

A

Complete Occlusion of Anterior Spinal Artery

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12
Q 
UMN deficits
LMN deficits (at the level of lesion)
Loss of pain and temperature (Bilateral)
A

Complete Occlusion of Anterior Spinal Artery

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13
Q

Affects:
CST, STT, and anterior white commisure

Spares:
Dorsal Columns

A

Complete Occlusion of Anterior Spinal Artery

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14
Q

Degeneration/ Demyelination of Dorsal Columns and roots

A

Tabes Dorsalis

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15
Q 
Progressive sensory ataxia (impaired propioception)
Absent DTRs
\+ Romberg
\+/- Argyll Robertson pupils
\+/- Shooting pain
A

Tabes Dorsalis

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16
Q

Damages anterior white commissure of STT first

A

Syringomyelia

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17
Q

Bilateral symmetric loss of pain and temperature sensation in a cape-like distribution (shoulders-arms)
No motor deficits

A

Syringomyelia

18
Q

Associated with Chiari I malformation (herniated cerebellar tonsils)

A

Syringomyelia

19
Q

Ataxic gait, paresthesias, impaired position/ vibration sensation, UMN symptoms.
Pain/Temp spared

A

Subacute Combined Degeneration

Vitamin B12 deficiency

20
Q

Demyelination of Spinocerebellar, Lateral Corticospinal tract, and Dorsal Columns

A

Subacute Combined Degeneration

Vitamin B12 deficiency

21
Q

Compression of spinal roots L2 and below often due to intervertebral disc herniation or tumor.

A

Cauda Equina

22
Q 
Radicular Pain (lower back to legs)
Absent knee/ankle reflexes
loss of bladder and anal sphincter tone
saddle (butthole and crotch) anesthesia
Sudden onset
A

Cauda Equina

23
Q

Fecal-oral transmission
Replicates in the pharynx and small intestine
Spreads hematogenously to CNS
Destroys anterior horn of spinal cord (LMN dmg)

A

Poliomyelitis

24
Q 
Asymetric weakness
Flaccid paralysis
Muscle atrophy
Hyporeflexia/ Fasciculations
\+/- Respiratory muscle involvement
A

Poliomyelitis

*(SMA is SYMMETRIC weakness)

25
Q

CSF shows lymphocytic pleocytosis, slightly elevated proteins, no change in glucose.

A

Poliomyelitis

26
Q 
Degeenration of 
Spinocerebellar (ataxia)
Lateral Corticospinal tract (spastic paralysis)
Dorsal Columns (propioception/vibration)
DRG (loss of DTRs)
A

Friedreich Ataxia

27
Q 
Staggering gait
Nystagmus
Pes Cavus
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Diabetes
Kyphoscoliosis
A

Friedreich Ataxia

28
Q

Contralateral loss of pain, temperature, touch
Ipsilateral UMN signs
Ipsilateral loss of propioception & touch

*Horner’s if lesion is above T1

A

Hemisection of spinal cord

Brown-Sequard

29
Q

UMN, LMN, or Both lesion?

Weakness

30
Q

UMN, LMN, or Both lesion?

Atrophy

31
Q

UMN, LMN, or Both lesion?

Fasciculations

32
Q

UMN, LMN, or Both lesion?

Hyperreflexia

33
Q

UMN, LMN, or Both lesion?

Increased muscle tone

34
Q

UMN, LMN, or Both lesion?

Spastic Paralysis

35
Q

UMN, LMN, or Both lesion?

Flaccid Paralysis

36
Q

UMN, LMN, or Both lesion?

Clasp Knife spacticity/rigidity

37
Q

UMN starts at the pre-central gyrus, goes through the ______, into the inferior peduncle, decussates at the medullary pyramids, travels through the Cortical Spinal Tract, into the Ventral/Anterior horn of the spinal cord and synapses with the LMN which then travels to the NMJ

A

internal capsule

38
Q

UMN starts at the pre-central gyrus, goes through the internal capsule, into the ______, decussates at the medullary pyramids, travels through the Cortical Spinal Tract, into the Ventral/Anterior horn of the spinal cord and synapses with the LMN which then travels to the NMJ

A

inferior peduncle

39
Q

Guillane barre is associated with UMN or LMN symptoms?

40
Q

Multiple Sclerosis is associated with UMN or LMN symptoms?

STEP 1 (88 decks)

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