uworld exam 2 :( Flashcards
can hemoptysis happen with rheumatic fever
yes
Peutz-Jeghers
aut dom- STK11- chrom 19
pigmented mucocutaneous macules, hamartomatous polyps in GI
pancoast tumor produces horner’s through compressing what
superior cervical ganglion
are coronary arteries normal in HOCM
yes
which DNA pol removes RNA primer and replaces it with DNA
DNA pol I
lynch syndrome is a defect in what?
mismatch repair
–> colorectal, ovarian, endometrial cancer
abdominal pain, free under air diaphragm, guarding
bowel perforation, periotinitis
metaclopramide contra
parkisonian features- trigger EPS
alkaptonuria enzyme defect
homogentistic acid deioxygenase
alkpotunuria symptoms
black urine
black skin pigments on ear, sclera
deposit in joint cartilage–> osteoarthropathy
how do you differentiate between marfan and homocystinuria
disolocation of lens upward- marfan
downard- homocystinuria
why is heparin better in pregnancy
water soluble- cant cross placenta
cystic hygroma
soft compressible masses that transilluminate (head and neck area)
due to lymphatics not connect to veins
associated with karyotype abnlormaties
what ion flow contributes to lesser amplitude in cell deporalization
less extracellular Na –> less gradient of it wanting to come in –> less amplitude
cyclosporine MOA
calcineurin inhibitor- inhibit IL-2 txn
dopamine beta hydroxylase
converts dopamine –> NE
negri bodies
esoinophilic inclusions in hippocampus (rabies)
what happens with a renal artery clip?
Renal plasma flow drops
GFR stays the same due to autoregulation
So filtration fraction increases!
treatment for psoriasis
retinoids (acitretin)
orlistat MOA
inhibits intestinal lipase- decreased intestinal fat absorption
–> weight loss
but GI side effects
venous drainage above dentate line
superior rectal vein–> inferior mesenteric vein –> portal system
venous drainage below dentate line
middle and inferior rectal veins –> internal iliac vein–> systemic circulation
17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency
no cortisol or androgens
hypertension (high MR)
cant convert progesterone to 17 hydroxyprogesterone
spider angiomatas in cirrhosis caused by
hyperestrogenism
In agglutination inhibition test, the presence of agglutination is positive or negative
negative pregnancy test
paclitaxel MOA and Rx
prevents microtubule breakdown –> cell cycle arrest
during stent: prevents restenosis by preventing intimal hyperplasia
what originates on the distal clavicle
deltoid and SCM
kayser-flesicher rings deposits copper where
cornea
melanoma mutation
CDKN2A on chrom 9
does flumazenil affect barbituates
no
leucine zippers are what
txn factors
where in the cell is purine and pyrimidine synthesis
starts in cytosol
then nucleus
psoas test is a sign of …
appendicitis
psoas abscesses
alcoholism causes what kind of cardiomyopathy
dilated
how do retinoids help treat acne
decreased sebum
normalize epidermal differentiation-
increases cell turnover- open blocked pores and reduce hyperkeratinization
what does the esophagus hiatus in the diaphragm contain
esophagus
trunks of vagus
what does the aorta hiatus contain in the diaphragm
aorta
thoracic duct
azygos vein
dihydropyridine CCB list and action
amlodipine
nefidipine
felodipine
selective for vascular smooth muscle –> vasodilate to reduce afterload
glucokinase (versus hexokinase)
in pancreatic beta cells (insulin secretion)
in liver (glycogen synthesis)
lower affinity for glucose (so needs high glucose to be activated)
maturity onset diabetes of the young is a defect in…
glucokinase or associated txn factors
findings of DIC
high PT and PTT
thrombocytopena
decreased fibrinogen
complication of sepsis
vertebral disc herniation
disrupt annulus fibrosus and prolapse of nucleus pulposus
which bacteria produce H2S
salmonella, proteus
pontine hemorrhages cause…
pinpoint pupils loss of horizontal gaze quadriparesis decerebrate posturing coma
how do intracerebral neoplasms cause increased ICP
disrupt BBB–> leak vasogenic edema–> midline shift
CSF obstruction
