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uworld exam 2 :( Flashcards

1
Q

can hemoptysis happen with rheumatic fever

A

yes

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2
Q

Peutz-Jeghers

A

aut dom- STK11- chrom 19

pigmented mucocutaneous macules, hamartomatous polyps in GI

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3
Q

pancoast tumor produces horner’s through compressing what

A

superior cervical ganglion

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4
Q

are coronary arteries normal in HOCM

A

yes

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5
Q

which DNA pol removes RNA primer and replaces it with DNA

A

DNA pol I

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6
Q

lynch syndrome is a defect in what?

A

mismatch repair

–> colorectal, ovarian, endometrial cancer

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7
Q

abdominal pain, free under air diaphragm, guarding

A

bowel perforation, periotinitis

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8
Q

metaclopramide contra

A

parkisonian features- trigger EPS

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9
Q

alkaptonuria enzyme defect

A

homogentistic acid deioxygenase

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10
Q

alkpotunuria symptoms

A

black urine
black skin pigments on ear, sclera
deposit in joint cartilage–> osteoarthropathy

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11
Q

how do you differentiate between marfan and homocystinuria

A

disolocation of lens upward- marfan

downard- homocystinuria

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12
Q

why is heparin better in pregnancy

A

water soluble- cant cross placenta

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13
Q

cystic hygroma

A

soft compressible masses that transilluminate (head and neck area)

due to lymphatics not connect to veins

associated with karyotype abnlormaties

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14
Q

what ion flow contributes to lesser amplitude in cell deporalization

A

less extracellular Na –> less gradient of it wanting to come in –> less amplitude

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15
Q

cyclosporine MOA

A

calcineurin inhibitor- inhibit IL-2 txn

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16
Q

dopamine beta hydroxylase

A

converts dopamine –> NE

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17
Q

negri bodies

A

esoinophilic inclusions in hippocampus (rabies)

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18
Q

what happens with a renal artery clip?

A

Renal plasma flow drops

GFR stays the same due to autoregulation

So filtration fraction increases!

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19
Q

treatment for psoriasis

A

retinoids (acitretin)

20
Q

orlistat MOA

A

inhibits intestinal lipase- decreased intestinal fat absorption

–> weight loss

but GI side effects

21
Q

venous drainage above dentate line

A

superior rectal vein–> inferior mesenteric vein –> portal system

22
Q

venous drainage below dentate line

A

middle and inferior rectal veins –> internal iliac vein–> systemic circulation

23
Q

17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency

A

no cortisol or androgens
hypertension (high MR)

cant convert progesterone to 17 hydroxyprogesterone

24
Q

spider angiomatas in cirrhosis caused by

A

hyperestrogenism

25
In agglutination inhibition test, the presence of agglutination is positive or negative
negative pregnancy test
26
paclitaxel MOA and Rx
prevents microtubule breakdown --> cell cycle arrest during stent: prevents restenosis by preventing intimal hyperplasia
27
what originates on the distal clavicle
deltoid and SCM
28
kayser-flesicher rings deposits copper where
cornea
29
melanoma mutation
CDKN2A on chrom 9
30
does flumazenil affect barbituates
no
31
leucine zippers are what
txn factors
32
where in the cell is purine and pyrimidine synthesis
starts in cytosol then nucleus
33
psoas test is a sign of ...
appendicitis psoas abscesses
34
alcoholism causes what kind of cardiomyopathy
dilated
35
how do retinoids help treat acne
decreased sebum normalize epidermal differentiation- increases cell turnover- open blocked pores and reduce hyperkeratinization
36
what does the esophagus hiatus in the diaphragm contain
esophagus | trunks of vagus
37
what does the aorta hiatus contain in the diaphragm
aorta thoracic duct azygos vein
38
dihydropyridine CCB list and action
amlodipine nefidipine felodipine selective for vascular smooth muscle --> vasodilate to reduce afterload
39
glucokinase (versus hexokinase)
in pancreatic beta cells (insulin secretion) in liver (glycogen synthesis) lower affinity for glucose (so needs high glucose to be activated)
40
maturity onset diabetes of the young is a defect in...
glucokinase or associated txn factors
41
findings of DIC
high PT and PTT thrombocytopena decreased fibrinogen complication of sepsis
42
vertebral disc herniation
disrupt annulus fibrosus and prolapse of nucleus pulposus
43
which bacteria produce H2S
salmonella, proteus
44
pontine hemorrhages cause...
``` pinpoint pupils loss of horizontal gaze quadriparesis decerebrate posturing coma ```
45
how do intracerebral neoplasms cause increased ICP
disrupt BBB--> leak vasogenic edema--> midline shift CSF obstruction

Wrongs (36 decks)

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