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Wrongs > 5/21 > Flashcards

5/21 Flashcards

1
Q

17 alpha hydroxylase def symptoms

A

hypertension, hypokalemia (high MR)

low cortisol

feminized if male, lack 2 characteristics if female

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2
Q

21 hydroxylase def symptoms

A

low BP, hyperkalemia (low MR)

low cortisol

masculinization if female

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3
Q

11 beta hydroxylase def symptoms

A

high BP, hypokalemia (low aldosterone BUT high 11-deoxycorticosterone)

low cortisol

masculinization if female

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4
Q

glucagonoma symptoms

A 
Dermatitis
Diabetes
DVT
Declining weight
Depression
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5
Q

somatostatinoma symptoms

A

diabetes/glucose intolerance
steatorrhea
gallstones

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6
Q

genes associated with pheochromocytomas

A

RET, VHL, NF1

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7
Q

tyrosinase deficiency

A

causes albinism- melanin made by tyrosine in melanocytes

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8
Q

tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency

A

cofactor for dihydrobiopterine reductase deficiency (converts Phe–>Tyr and Tyr–>DOPA)

PKU (hyperphenylalanine) and low dopamine –> high prolactin

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9
Q

silicosis on imaging

A

eggshell calcification of hilar nodes and bifringent silica particles

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10
Q

asbestos on imaging

A

interstitial patter on lower zone

pleural plaques

ferruginous bodies

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11
Q

berryliosis on imaging and histo

A

nodular or irregular opacities on x-ray

histo: noncaseating granulomas

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12
Q

inhale organic dust on imaging

A

diffuse nodular interstital infiltrates

noncaseating granulomas

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13
Q

trazodone rare side effect

A

prolonged boner

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14
Q

methotexate adverse effects

A 
panctyopenia
stomatitis 
hepatotoxicity
pulm fibrosis
alopecia
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15
Q

receptors that stimulate insulin release

A

Gq (M3, glucagon)

Gs (glucagon, beta2, GLP-1)

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16
Q

receptors that decrease insulin release

A

Gi (alpha 2, somatostatin)

17
Q

beta 1 type of receptor

A

Gs

18
Q

daptomycin MOA

A

causes depolarization of cell membrane by creating trasmembrane channels that cause intracellular ion leakage

inhibits DNA, RNA, protein synthesis

19
Q

what do the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain

A

external genitalia

anus up to pectinate line

20
Q

what do deep inguinal lymph nodes drain

A

glans penis, clit

superficial inguinal nodes

21
Q

what do para-aortic lymph nodes drain

A

testis

22
Q

what do the inferior mesenteric nodes drain

A

descending and sigmoid colon

upper rectum

23
Q

infants born to hepatits B mothers

A

mostly always get hep B
are generally asymptomatic
higher risk of HCC and cirrhosis if chronically infected

24
Q

whats most common cause of death in people with DM

A

coronary heart disease (MI)

25
Q

aging –> changes in pulm function

A

decreased compliance
increased RV
decreased FVC
normal TLC

26
Q

most common cancer in women and nonsmokers

A

adenocarcinoma

27
Q

ezetimibe MOA

A

inhibit niemann-pick C1 like 1 –> decrease intestinal absorption of cholesterol

28
Q

what type of receptor is calcium sensing receptors

A

GPCR

29
Q

mesothelioma on imaging and histo

A

imaging: pleural thickening
histo: long slender microvilli, many tonofilaments

30
Q

flutamide MOA and rx

A

competitive inhibitor of testosterone receptors

combo therapy for prostate cancer

31
Q

post partum blues duration

A

peak at 5 days
resolve typically 10-14 days

(no suicide ideation)

32
Q

post partum depression duration

A

within 4 weeks

33
Q

what can minors consent to without parents

A

prenatal care, drug rehab, STD treatment, contraception

not abortions tho…

34
Q

are people with calcium kidney stones hypercalcemic?

A

nope, just hypercalciuric

35
Q

which med reverses both muscarinic and nicotinic effects of organophosphate poisoning?

A

pralidoxime

36
Q

cholesteatomas

A

collections of squamous cell debris that form pearly masses behind tympanic membrane in middle ear

can cause hearing loss (erode ossicles)

37
Q

zenker diverticulum

A

false diverticulum in oropharynx

criocopharyngeal motor dys –> spasm–> oropharnygeal dysplasia–> increased pressure –> halitosis, aspiration,

38
Q

what is anterior vs posterior pituitary derived from

A

anterior- surface ectoderm

posterior- neural tube

39
Q

which genetic mutation helps intestinal polyp adenoma growth and which one helps transform adenoma to carcinoma

A

growth- KRAS

transform- p53

Wrongs (36 decks)

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