Tissue 2

Question 1

what tissue is the most abundant in the human body?

Answer 1

connective tissue

Question 2

what is connective tissue composed of?

Answer 2

large amount of intercellular material

Question 3

is connective tissue highly or poorly vascularized

Answer 3

poorly (but there are exceptions)

Question 4

what are types of connective tissue?

Answer 4

• connective tissue proper (loose areolar, dense, elastic, adipose)
• cartilage
• bone
• blood

Question 5

what does connective tissue proper mean?

Answer 5

it’s fibrous connective tissue

Question 6

general function of connective tissue

Answer 6

• protection
• supports and binds other tissues together
• provides metabolic needs of other tissues

Question 7

intercellular matrix (within connective tissue) composition

Answer 7

• ground substance

- fibers

Question 8

ground substance function

Answer 8

-serves as a pathway for the transport and exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood and tissue cells

Question 9

ground substance structure

Answer 9

• homogenous material produced by CT cells

- varies in consistency

Question 10

fibers function

Answer 10

provides strength and flexibility (there’s various types)

Question 11

collagenous fiber composition

Answer 11

• composed of the protein collagen

- flexible yet strong (important)

Question 12

elastic fiber composition

Answer 12

• composed of protein elastin

- capable of stretching

Question 13

reticular fiber composition

Answer 13

• thin threads
• forms a delicate network
• mush-like

Question 14

connective tissue cell types

Answer 14

• fibroblast
• fat cells
• macrophages
• plasma cells
• mast cells

Question 15

what are fat cells also called?

Answer 15

adipocytes

Question 16

what are macrophages also called?

Answer 16

phagocytes

Question 17

fibroblast cells

Answer 17

• most abundant cell

- star or elongated cell which produces and maintains CT fibers

Question 18

what does ‘-blast’ in fibroblast mean?

Answer 18

it’s a cell that’s actively producing something (in this case it’s collagen)

Question 19

fat cells

Answer 19

stores fats (lipids)

Question 20

macrophages

Answer 20

engulfs bacteria and debris

Question 21

plasma cells

Answer 21

produce antibodies

Question 22

mast cells

Answer 22

mediates inflammatory responses

Question 23

types of connective tissues proper

Answer 23

loose (areolar), dense (irregular and regular), elastic, adipose

Question 24

loose (areolar) CT proper composition

Answer 24

• abundant intercellular material
• few cells
• few scattered fibers
• very vascular
• very flexible

Question 25

loose (areolar) CT proper location

Answer 25

- distributed throughout the body - packing material around organs - surrounds muscles and blood vessels - binds skin to underlying muscle (in a loose way)

Question 26

dense irregular CT proper composition

Answer 26

fibers are poorly arranged

Question 27

dense regular CT proper composition

Answer 27

fibers are parallel to another

Question 28

dense CT proper location

Answer 28

- ligaments - tendons - outer covering of the eye

Question 29

elastic CT proper composition

Answer 29

- contains many irregular arranged elastic fibers | - can be easily stretched and returns to original size

Question 30

elastic CT proper location

Answer 30

- walls of arteries | - larynx, trachea, bronchi

Question 31

adipose CT proper composition

Answer 31

composed of fat cells filled with lipid

Question 32

adipose CT proper location

Answer 32

throughout the body

Question 33

dense CT proper composition

Answer 33

- large number of collagenous fibers packed closely together - poor blood supply - strong yet flexible

Question 34

cartilage composition

Answer 34

- intercellular matrix (chondroitin sulfate) - cells - fibers

Question 35

cartilage's special characteristics

Answer 35

- perichondrium | - avascular

Question 36

perichondrium

Answer 36

tough, outer CT covering

Question 37

avascular

Answer 37

receives nutrients by diffusion

Question 38

type of vascular cartilage

Answer 38

- hyaline cartilage - fibrocartilage - elastic cartilage

Question 39

hyaline cartilage composition

Answer 39

- forms cartilaginous skeleton which serves as a model during fetal development - “articular cartilage”- covers the surface/ends of long bones at a joint

Question 40

hyaline cartilage location

Answer 40

- nose - trachea - bronchi - ends of long bones

Question 41

fibrocartilage composition

Answer 41

- contains more fibers - able to withstand compression - fibers arranged in parallel bundles; increase in tensile strength

Question 42

fibrocartilage location

Answer 42

- intervertebral disc - symphysis pubis (cartilage pad) - menisci of the knee joint

Question 43

elastic cartilage composition

Answer 43

-numerous elastic fibers for increased flexibility

Question 44

elastic cartilage location

Answer 44

- auditory (eustachian) tube - external ear - larynx (epiglottis)

Question 45

chondrocytes

Answer 45

produces matrix