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Anatomy > Muscles: Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Muscles: Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

frontal portion of occipitofrontalis location

A

-forehead

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2
Q

frontal portion of occipitofrontalis action

A

-raises the eyebrow

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3
Q

frontal portion of occipitofrontalis innervation

A

-facial

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4
Q

orbicularis oculi location

A

-surrounds orbit

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5
Q

orbicularis oculi action

A

-closes the eyelids

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6
Q

orbicularis oculi innervation

A

-facial

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7
Q

orbicularis oris location

A

-surrounds mouth

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8
Q

orbicularis oris action

A

-purses the lips (lips puckering)

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9
Q

orbicularis oris innervation

A

-facial

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10
Q

zygomaticus major location

A
  • origin: zygomatic bone

- insertion: corner of mouth

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11
Q

zygomaticus major action

A
  • unilaterally: lifts corners of mouth (with other muscles)

- bilateral: lifts corners of mouth (creates smiles)

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12
Q

zygomaticus major innervation

A

-facial

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13
Q

depressor anguli oris location

A
  • origin: mandible

- insertion: corner of mouth

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14
Q

depressor anguli oris action

A

-depresses corners of mouth

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15
Q

depressor anguli oris innervation

A

-facial

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16
Q

levator labii superioris location

A

-insertion: upper lip of mouth

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17
Q

levator labii superioris action

A

-pulls upper lip up

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18
Q

levator labii superioris innervation

A

-facial

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19
Q

depressor labii inferioris location

A

-insertion: lower lip of mouth

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20
Q

depressor labii inferioris action

A

-pulls lower lip down

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21
Q

depressor labii inferioris innervation

A

-facial

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22
Q

buccinator location

A

-cheek

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23
Q

buccinator action

A
  • compresses cheeks against teeth

- not a muscle in mastication**

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24
Q

buccinator innervation

A

-facial

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25
Q

platysma location

A

-neck under the chin

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26
Q

platysma action

A
  • tenses the skin on the neck

- biggest muscle in the facial muscle

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27
Q

platysma innervation

A

-facial

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28
Q

temporalis location

A
  • origin: lateral skull

- insertion: mandible

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29
Q

temporalis action

A
  • covers good chunk of temporal
  • elevates lower jaw (biting or closing the jaws)
  • retract the lower jaw
  • move jaw side-to-side
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30
Q

temporalis innervation

A

-trigeminal

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31
Q

masseter location

A

-insertion: lateral angle of mandible

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32
Q

masseter action

A
  • helps pull the lower jaw upward

- causes the jaw to close while chewing (helps bite down/chew)

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33
Q

masseter innervation

A

-trigeminal

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34
Q

medial pterygoid location

A

-insertion: medial mandible near its angle

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35
Q

medial pterygoid action

A

-closing the jaw

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36
Q

medial pterygoid innervation

A

-trigeminal

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37
Q

lateral pterygoid location

A

-insertion: superior aspect of medial mandible

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38
Q

lateral pterygoid action

A
  • depresses jaw
  • moves it side-to-side
  • syncs TMJ discs
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39
Q

lateral pterygoid insertion

A

-trigeminal

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40
Q

what are the names of the muscles of mastication?

A
  • temporalis
  • masseter
  • medial pterygoid
  • lateral pterygoid
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41
Q

what are the names of the nine muscles of the scalp and face?

A
  • frontal portion of occipitofrontalis
  • orbicularis oculi
  • orbicularis oris
  • zygomaticus major
  • depressor anguli oris
  • levator labii superioris
  • depressor labii inferioris
  • buccinator
  • platysma
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42
Q

ocular muscles function

A
  • move eyes
  • found in orbit
  • four straight muscles
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43
Q

what is the anatomical name for the tongue?

A

-glossus

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44
Q

what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A
  • muscles that insert on the tongue but do not originate on the tongue
  • allows for gross movement
45
Q

hyoglossus location

A
  • origin: hyoid bone

- insertion: tongue

46
Q

hyoglossus action

A
  • retracts the tongue

- depresses the tongue

47
Q

hyoglossus innervation

A

-hypoglossal

48
Q

genioglossus location

A
  • origin: mandible

- insertion: tongue

49
Q

genioglossus action

A
  • protrudes the tongue

- originates anteriorly so pulls it forward

50
Q

genioglossus innervation

A

-hypoglossal

51
Q

styloglossus location

A
  • origin: styloid process

- insertion: tongue

52
Q

styloglossus action

A

-retracts tongue

53
Q

styloglossus innervation

A

-hypoglossal

54
Q

what are the muscles groups of the anterior neck?

A
  • suprahyoid muscles

- infrahyoid muscles

55
Q

suprahyoid muscle group location

A
  • superior to hyoid

- anterior neck

56
Q

suprahyoid muscle group action

A
  • swallowing and moving the tongue (good for chewing and speech)
  • responsible for positioning the hyoid bone
57
Q

suprahyoid muscle group innervation

A
  • trigeminal

- facial

58
Q

infrahyoid muscle group location

A
  • inferior to hyoid

- anterior neck

59
Q

infrahyoid muscle group action

A
  • swallowing and moving the tongue (good for chewing and speech)
  • depress the hyoid
  • movement of larynx
60
Q

infrahyoid muscle group innervation

A

-hypoglossal

61
Q

what are the muscles of the anterolateral neck?

A
  • sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

- scalenus medius

62
Q

sternocleidomastoid location

A

-anterolateral neck

63
Q

sternocleidomastoid action

A
  • unilateral: turns head opposite side

- bilateral: flexes head at neck

64
Q

sternocleidomastoid innervation

A

-accessory (CN XI)

65
Q

scalenus medius location

A

-deep to SCM

66
Q

scalenus medius action

A
  • unilateral: lateral neck flexion (tilted dog face)

- bilateral: some anterior neck flexion

67
Q

scalenus medius innervation

A

-cervical nerves

68
Q

what are the deep muscles of the back?

A
  • erector spinae group

- quadratus lumborum

69
Q

erector spinae group components

A
  • iliocostalis
  • longissimus
  • spinalis
70
Q

erector spinae group iliocostalis location

A

-sacrum to skull

71
Q

erector spinae group iliocostalis innervation

A

-spinal nerves

72
Q

erector spinae group longissimus location

A

-deep along vertebral column

73
Q

erector spinae group longissimus innervation

A

-spinal nerves

74
Q

erector spinae group spinalis location

A

-to superficial muscles

75
Q

erector spinae group spinalis innervation

A

-spinal nerves

76
Q

erector spinae group action

A
  • unilateral: lateral flexion of spine

- bilateral: extension of spine

77
Q

quadratus lumborum location

A

-iliac crest to posterior abdominal wall and upper lumbar vertebrae

78
Q

quadratus lumborum action

A
  • unilateral:
    • ->lateral flexion of the lumbar spine
    • ->pulls the ribs down (especially floating ribs)
  • bilateral:
    • ->assist in respiration (breathing)
79
Q

quadratus lumborum innervation

A

-T12 and upper lumbar nerves

80
Q

what are the muscles of the abdominal wall?

A
  • external oblique
  • internal oblique
  • transversus abdominis
  • rectus abdominis
81
Q

external oblique location

A

-superficial abdomen

82
Q

external oblique action

A

-unilateral: lateral spine rotation

83
Q

external oblique innervation

A
  • thoracic nerves

- lumbar nerves

84
Q

internal oblique location

A

-deep to external oblique

85
Q

internal oblique action

A
  • stabilize the spine

- support abdominal wall

86
Q

internal oblique innervation

A
  • thoracic nerves

- lumbar nerves

87
Q

transversus abdominis location

A

-innermost abdomen

88
Q

transversus abdominis action

A
  • compresses abdominal contents (for defecation and urination)
  • stabilizes spine
89
Q

transversus abdominis innervation

A
  • thoracic nerves

- lumbar nerves

90
Q

rectus abdominis location

A

-superficial, medial abdomen

91
Q

rectus abdominis action

A

-flexes the spine anteriorly

92
Q

rectus abdominis innervation

A
  • thoracic nerves

- lumbar nerves

93
Q

what are the muscles of respiration?

A
  • external intercostals
  • internal intercostals
  • diaphragm
94
Q

external intercostals location

A

-between ribs

95
Q

external intercostals action

A
  • expand chest cavity (inhaling)

- primary component for respiration

96
Q

external intercostals innervation

A

-intercostal nerves

97
Q

internal intercostals location

A

-between ribs

98
Q

internal intercostals action

A

-retracts ribs (exhaling)

99
Q

internal intercostals innervation

A

-intercostal nerves

100
Q

diaphragm location

A

-between thoracic and abdominal cavities

101
Q

diaphragm action

A

-the main muscle of repiration

102
Q

diaphragm innervation

A

-phrenic nerve

103
Q

what are the muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum?

A
  • urogenital diaphragm
  • pelvic diaphragm
    • ->levator ani
    • ->coccygeus
    • ->pubococcygeus
104
Q

pelvic diaphragm location

A

-outlet of pelvis

105
Q

pelvic diaphragm action

A
  • support lower digestive and reproductive organs

- resists increases in intra-abdominal pressure

106
Q

urogenital diaphragm location

A

-between 2 sides of pubic arch

107
Q

urogenital diaphragm action

A

-support lower digestive and reproductive organs

108
Q

urogenital diaphragm innervation

A

-sacral nerves

Anatomy (41 decks)

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