Muscles: Axial Skeleton Flashcards
1
Q
frontal portion of occipitofrontalis location
A
-forehead
2
Q
frontal portion of occipitofrontalis action
A
-raises the eyebrow
3
Q
frontal portion of occipitofrontalis innervation
A
-facial
4
Q
orbicularis oculi location
A
-surrounds orbit
5
Q
orbicularis oculi action
A
-closes the eyelids
6
Q
orbicularis oculi innervation
A
-facial
7
Q
orbicularis oris location
A
-surrounds mouth
8
Q
orbicularis oris action
A
-purses the lips (lips puckering)
9
Q
orbicularis oris innervation
A
-facial
10
Q
zygomaticus major location
A
- origin: zygomatic bone
- insertion: corner of mouth
11
Q
zygomaticus major action
A
- unilaterally: lifts corners of mouth (with other muscles)
- bilateral: lifts corners of mouth (creates smiles)
12
Q
zygomaticus major innervation
A
-facial
13
Q
depressor anguli oris location
A
- origin: mandible
- insertion: corner of mouth
14
Q
depressor anguli oris action
A
-depresses corners of mouth
15
Q
depressor anguli oris innervation
A
-facial
16
Q
levator labii superioris location
A
-insertion: upper lip of mouth
17
Q
levator labii superioris action
A
-pulls upper lip up
18
Q
levator labii superioris innervation
A
-facial
19
Q
depressor labii inferioris location
A
-insertion: lower lip of mouth
20
Q
depressor labii inferioris action
A
-pulls lower lip down
21
Q
depressor labii inferioris innervation
A
-facial
22
Q
buccinator location
A
-cheek
23
Q
buccinator action
A
- compresses cheeks against teeth
- not a muscle in mastication**
24
Q
buccinator innervation
A
-facial
25
platysma location
-neck under the chin
26
platysma action
- tenses the skin on the neck
| - biggest muscle in the facial muscle
27
platysma innervation
-facial
28
temporalis location
- origin: lateral skull
| - insertion: mandible
29
temporalis action
- covers good chunk of temporal
- elevates lower jaw (biting or closing the jaws)
- retract the lower jaw
- move jaw side-to-side
30
temporalis innervation
-trigeminal
31
masseter location
-insertion: lateral angle of mandible
32
masseter action
- helps pull the lower jaw upward
| - causes the jaw to close while chewing (helps bite down/chew)
33
masseter innervation
-trigeminal
34
medial pterygoid location
-insertion: medial mandible near its angle
35
medial pterygoid action
-closing the jaw
36
medial pterygoid innervation
-trigeminal
37
lateral pterygoid location
-insertion: superior aspect of medial mandible
38
lateral pterygoid action
- depresses jaw
- moves it side-to-side
- syncs TMJ discs
39
lateral pterygoid insertion
-trigeminal
40
what are the names of the muscles of mastication?
- temporalis
- masseter
- medial pterygoid
- lateral pterygoid
41
what are the names of the nine muscles of the scalp and face?
- frontal portion of occipitofrontalis
- orbicularis oculi
- orbicularis oris
- zygomaticus major
- depressor anguli oris
- levator labii superioris
- depressor labii inferioris
- buccinator
- platysma
42
ocular muscles function
- move eyes
- found in orbit
- four straight muscles
43
what is the anatomical name for the tongue?
-glossus
44
what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
- muscles that insert on the tongue but do not originate on the tongue
- allows for gross movement
45
hyoglossus location
- origin: hyoid bone
| - insertion: tongue
46
hyoglossus action
- retracts the tongue
| - depresses the tongue
47
hyoglossus innervation
-hypoglossal
48
genioglossus location
- origin: mandible
| - insertion: tongue
49
genioglossus action
- protrudes the tongue
| - originates anteriorly so pulls it forward
50
genioglossus innervation
-hypoglossal
51
styloglossus location
- origin: styloid process
| - insertion: tongue
52
styloglossus action
-retracts tongue
53
styloglossus innervation
-hypoglossal
54
what are the muscles groups of the anterior neck?
- suprahyoid muscles
| - infrahyoid muscles
55
suprahyoid muscle group location
- superior to hyoid
| - anterior neck
56
suprahyoid muscle group action
- swallowing and moving the tongue (good for chewing and speech)
- responsible for positioning the hyoid bone
57
suprahyoid muscle group innervation
- trigeminal
| - facial
58
infrahyoid muscle group location
- inferior to hyoid
| - anterior neck
59
infrahyoid muscle group action
- swallowing and moving the tongue (good for chewing and speech)
- depress the hyoid
- movement of larynx
60
infrahyoid muscle group innervation
-hypoglossal
61
what are the muscles of the anterolateral neck?
- sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
| - scalenus medius
62
sternocleidomastoid location
-anterolateral neck
63
sternocleidomastoid action
- unilateral: turns head opposite side
| - bilateral: flexes head at neck
64
sternocleidomastoid innervation
-accessory (CN XI)
65
scalenus medius location
-deep to SCM
66
scalenus medius action
- unilateral: lateral neck flexion (tilted dog face)
| - bilateral: some anterior neck flexion
67
scalenus medius innervation
-cervical nerves
68
what are the deep muscles of the back?
- erector spinae group
| - quadratus lumborum
69
erector spinae group components
- iliocostalis
- longissimus
- spinalis
70
erector spinae group iliocostalis location
-sacrum to skull
71
erector spinae group iliocostalis innervation
-spinal nerves
72
erector spinae group longissimus location
-deep along vertebral column
73
erector spinae group longissimus innervation
-spinal nerves
74
erector spinae group spinalis location
-to superficial muscles
75
erector spinae group spinalis innervation
-spinal nerves
76
erector spinae group action
- unilateral: lateral flexion of spine
| - bilateral: extension of spine
77
quadratus lumborum location
-iliac crest to posterior abdominal wall and upper lumbar vertebrae
78
quadratus lumborum action
- unilateral:
- ->lateral flexion of the lumbar spine
- ->pulls the ribs down (especially floating ribs)
- bilateral:
- ->assist in respiration (breathing)
79
quadratus lumborum innervation
-T12 and upper lumbar nerves
80
what are the muscles of the abdominal wall?
- external oblique
- internal oblique
- transversus abdominis
- rectus abdominis
81
external oblique location
-superficial abdomen
82
external oblique action
-unilateral: lateral spine rotation
83
external oblique innervation
- thoracic nerves
| - lumbar nerves
84
internal oblique location
-deep to external oblique
85
internal oblique action
- stabilize the spine
| - support abdominal wall
86
internal oblique innervation
- thoracic nerves
| - lumbar nerves
87
transversus abdominis location
-innermost abdomen
88
transversus abdominis action
- compresses abdominal contents (for defecation and urination)
- stabilizes spine
89
transversus abdominis innervation
- thoracic nerves
| - lumbar nerves
90
rectus abdominis location
-superficial, medial abdomen
91
rectus abdominis action
-flexes the spine anteriorly
92
rectus abdominis innervation
- thoracic nerves
| - lumbar nerves
93
what are the muscles of respiration?
- external intercostals
- internal intercostals
- diaphragm
94
external intercostals location
-between ribs
95
external intercostals action
- expand chest cavity (inhaling)
| - primary component for respiration
96
external intercostals innervation
-intercostal nerves
97
internal intercostals location
-between ribs
98
internal intercostals action
-retracts ribs (exhaling)
99
internal intercostals innervation
-intercostal nerves
100
diaphragm location
-between thoracic and abdominal cavities
101
diaphragm action
-the main muscle of repiration
102
diaphragm innervation
-phrenic nerve
103
what are the muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum?
- urogenital diaphragm
- pelvic diaphragm
- ->levator ani
- ->coccygeus
- ->pubococcygeus
104
pelvic diaphragm location
-outlet of pelvis
105
pelvic diaphragm action
- support lower digestive and reproductive organs
| - resists increases in intra-abdominal pressure
106
urogenital diaphragm location
-between 2 sides of pubic arch
107
urogenital diaphragm action
-support lower digestive and reproductive organs
108
urogenital diaphragm innervation
-sacral nerves
