Blood Vessels II Flashcards
pulmonary circuit
- responsible for the transport of blood to lungs for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
- responsible for the return of the blood afterwards, to the systemic circuit which transports it throughout the body
pulmonary circuit components
-right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, & pulmonary arteries exchange O2 & CO2 through lungs to pulmonary veins & left atrium
which components of the pulmonary circuit carry oxygenated blood?
- pulmonary veins
- left atrium
which components of the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood?
- right ventricle
- pulmonary trunk
- pulmonary arteries
portal system
- consists of two sets of capillary beds through which blood must travel before returning to the general circulation
- two sites for exchange of substance
portal system components
- hepatic portal system**
- hypophyseal portal system**
- kidney portal system**
hepatic portal system route
-intestines to liver
hypophyseal portal system route
-hypothalamus to pituitary gland
kidney portal system
-glomerulus to peritubular capillaries
where does blood enter in the hepatic system?
enters liver from:
- hepatic artery
- portal vein
hepatic artery
- 25% of all blood supply is with oxygen
- comes off of branch of celiac artery
portal vein
-supplies 75% of blood supply
what is the portal vein generally formed by?
-union of three veins that drain the small intestine, large intestine, and spleen
what veins form the portal vein?
- superior mesenteric vein
- inferior mesenteric vein
- splenic vein
superior mesenteric vein draining location
-drains small intestine
inferior mesenteric vein draining location
-drains large intestine
splenic vein draining location
-drains and carries blood from spleen
hepatic system pathway (of blood flow)
fenestrated capillaries in intestines –> portal vein –> sinusoidal capillaries of liver –> blood drained in liver by hepatic vein –> enters inferior vena cava
where do all systemic veins drain into?
-superior vena cava(SVC) or inferior vena cava(IVC)
which systemic vein doesn’t drain into neither of the vena cavas?
-cardiac vein
where does the superior vena cava receive blood from?
tissues and organs of:
- head
- neck
- chest
- shoulders
- upper limbs
dural sinuses
- folds of dura
- transport venous blood from brain to the internal jugular
internal jugular
- receives blood from the dural venous sinuses
- descends parallel to the common carotid artery in the neck
- transports blood to the brachiocephalic veins
external jugular
- drains blood from superficial head and face
- transports it to the subclavian veins
brachiocephalic veins
- receive blood from the jugular veins and the subclavian veins
- transports it to the superior vena cava
superior vena cava
- receives venous blood from jugular veins and subclavian veins
- transports it to the right atrium of the heart
inferior vena cava
- receives blood from abdomen, pelvis, and lower limb
- transports it to the right atrium
digital veins (upper limb)
- empty into the superficial and deep palmar veins of the hand which interconnect into the palmar venous arches
- deep palmar veins drain into radial and ulnar veins
radial and ulnar veins
-deep veins draining blood from the hand and forearm
cephalic vein**
-superficial vein located along the lateral side of the upper limb
basilic vein**
-superficial vein located along the medial side of the upper limb
median cubital vein**
- superficial vein anterior elbow area (antecubital fossa)
- interconnects cephalic and basilic veins
- common site for drawing blood (venipuncture)
why is the median cubital vein good for venipuncture?**
- superficial: less risk of damage to surrounding structures
- low blood pressure: less risk of leakage
brachial vein
- lies parallel to brachial artery
- receives blood from basilic vein before entering the axilla as the axillary vein
axillary vein
- located along the medial surface of biceps brachii muscle and in the axilla
- receives blood from the deep and superficial veins for upper limb and transports it to the subclavian vein
subclavian vein
- receives bloodf rom the axillary vein
- transports it to the brachiocephalic
dorsal and plantar venous arches
-collects blood from capillaries of th foot and the digital veins of the toes
tibial an fibular veins
-deep veins draining blood from the leg
popliteal vein
- formed by the union of the tibial and fibular veins
- once it reaches the femur, the popliteal becomes the femoral vein
great saphenous vein**
- superficial vein along the medial side of the lower limb
- frequently used in bypass surgery to replace blocked coronary arteries
femoral vein
- ascends along the thigh next to the femoral artery
- immediately before entering abdominal wall, femoral vein receives blood from the great saphenous vein
- as it enter pelvic cavity, it becomes the external iliac vein
external iliac vein
- emerges in pelvic cavity due to femoral vein
- receives blood from lower limbs
internal iliac vein
-transports venous blood from organs located in pelvic cavity
common iliac vein
- formed by union of external and internal iliac veins
- left and right common iliac veins unite t form inferior vena cava
renal veins
-collect blood from kidneys and transport it to the inferior vena cava
gonadal veins
-drains ovaries and testes
-right gonadal vein empties into IVC
left gonadal usually drains into left renal vein
hepatic portal vein
- formed by union of superior and inferior mesenteric veins and the splenic vein
- transports nutrient rich, poorly oxygenated blood to liver
superior mesenteric vein
-collects blood from small intestine
inferior mesenteric vein
-collects blood from large intestine (colon and rectum)
splenic vein
-transports blood from spleen
