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Anatomy > Blood Vessels II > Flashcards

Blood Vessels II Flashcards

1
Q

pulmonary circuit

A
  • responsible for the transport of blood to lungs for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
  • responsible for the return of the blood afterwards, to the systemic circuit which transports it throughout the body
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2
Q

pulmonary circuit components

A

-right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, & pulmonary arteries exchange O2 & CO2 through lungs to pulmonary veins & left atrium

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3
Q

which components of the pulmonary circuit carry oxygenated blood?

A
  • pulmonary veins

- left atrium

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4
Q

which components of the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood?

A
  • right ventricle
  • pulmonary trunk
  • pulmonary arteries
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5
Q

portal system

A
  • consists of two sets of capillary beds through which blood must travel before returning to the general circulation
  • two sites for exchange of substance
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6
Q

portal system components

A
  • hepatic portal system**
  • hypophyseal portal system**
  • kidney portal system**
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7
Q

hepatic portal system route

A

-intestines to liver

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8
Q

hypophyseal portal system route

A

-hypothalamus to pituitary gland

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9
Q

kidney portal system

A

-glomerulus to peritubular capillaries

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10
Q

where does blood enter in the hepatic system?

A

enters liver from:

  • hepatic artery
  • portal vein
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11
Q

hepatic artery

A
  • 25% of all blood supply is with oxygen

- comes off of branch of celiac artery

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12
Q

portal vein

A

-supplies 75% of blood supply

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13
Q

what is the portal vein generally formed by?

A

-union of three veins that drain the small intestine, large intestine, and spleen

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14
Q

what veins form the portal vein?

A
  • superior mesenteric vein
  • inferior mesenteric vein
  • splenic vein
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15
Q

superior mesenteric vein draining location

A

-drains small intestine

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16
Q

inferior mesenteric vein draining location

A

-drains large intestine

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17
Q

splenic vein draining location

A

-drains and carries blood from spleen

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18
Q

hepatic system pathway (of blood flow)

A

fenestrated capillaries in intestines –> portal vein –> sinusoidal capillaries of liver –> blood drained in liver by hepatic vein –> enters inferior vena cava

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19
Q

where do all systemic veins drain into?

A

-superior vena cava(SVC) or inferior vena cava(IVC)

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20
Q

which systemic vein doesn’t drain into neither of the vena cavas?

A

-cardiac vein

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21
Q

where does the superior vena cava receive blood from?

A

tissues and organs of:

  • head
  • neck
  • chest
  • shoulders
  • upper limbs
22
Q

dural sinuses

A
  • folds of dura

- transport venous blood from brain to the internal jugular

23
Q

internal jugular

A
  • receives blood from the dural venous sinuses
  • descends parallel to the common carotid artery in the neck
  • transports blood to the brachiocephalic veins
24
Q

external jugular

A
  • drains blood from superficial head and face

- transports it to the subclavian veins

25
Q

brachiocephalic veins

A
  • receive blood from the jugular veins and the subclavian veins
  • transports it to the superior vena cava
26
Q

superior vena cava

A
  • receives venous blood from jugular veins and subclavian veins
  • transports it to the right atrium of the heart
27
Q

inferior vena cava

A
  • receives blood from abdomen, pelvis, and lower limb

- transports it to the right atrium

28
Q

digital veins (upper limb)

A
  • empty into the superficial and deep palmar veins of the hand which interconnect into the palmar venous arches
  • deep palmar veins drain into radial and ulnar veins
29
Q

radial and ulnar veins

A

-deep veins draining blood from the hand and forearm

30
Q

cephalic vein**

A

-superficial vein located along the lateral side of the upper limb

31
Q

basilic vein**

A

-superficial vein located along the medial side of the upper limb

32
Q

median cubital vein**

A
  • superficial vein anterior elbow area (antecubital fossa)
  • interconnects cephalic and basilic veins
  • common site for drawing blood (venipuncture)
33
Q

why is the median cubital vein good for venipuncture?**

A
  • superficial: less risk of damage to surrounding structures

- low blood pressure: less risk of leakage

34
Q

brachial vein

A
  • lies parallel to brachial artery

- receives blood from basilic vein before entering the axilla as the axillary vein

35
Q

axillary vein

A
  • located along the medial surface of biceps brachii muscle and in the axilla
  • receives blood from the deep and superficial veins for upper limb and transports it to the subclavian vein
36
Q

subclavian vein

A
  • receives bloodf rom the axillary vein

- transports it to the brachiocephalic

37
Q

dorsal and plantar venous arches

A

-collects blood from capillaries of th foot and the digital veins of the toes

38
Q

tibial an fibular veins

A

-deep veins draining blood from the leg

39
Q

popliteal vein

A
  • formed by the union of the tibial and fibular veins

- once it reaches the femur, the popliteal becomes the femoral vein

40
Q

great saphenous vein**

A
  • superficial vein along the medial side of the lower limb

- frequently used in bypass surgery to replace blocked coronary arteries

41
Q

femoral vein

A
  • ascends along the thigh next to the femoral artery
  • immediately before entering abdominal wall, femoral vein receives blood from the great saphenous vein
  • as it enter pelvic cavity, it becomes the external iliac vein
42
Q

external iliac vein

A
  • emerges in pelvic cavity due to femoral vein

- receives blood from lower limbs

43
Q

internal iliac vein

A

-transports venous blood from organs located in pelvic cavity

44
Q

common iliac vein

A
  • formed by union of external and internal iliac veins

- left and right common iliac veins unite t form inferior vena cava

45
Q

renal veins

A

-collect blood from kidneys and transport it to the inferior vena cava

46
Q

gonadal veins

A

-drains ovaries and testes
-right gonadal vein empties into IVC
left gonadal usually drains into left renal vein

47
Q

hepatic portal vein

A
  • formed by union of superior and inferior mesenteric veins and the splenic vein
  • transports nutrient rich, poorly oxygenated blood to liver
48
Q

superior mesenteric vein

A

-collects blood from small intestine

49
Q

inferior mesenteric vein

A

-collects blood from large intestine (colon and rectum)

50
Q

splenic vein

A

-transports blood from spleen

Anatomy (41 decks)

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