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Anatomy > Muscles: Appendicular Skeleton > Flashcards

Muscles: Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

pectoral girdle muscles origin and insertion

A
  • strong, strap-like muscles
  • originate on the axial skeleton
  • insert on the scapula
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2
Q

pectoral girdle muscles function

A

-serves to attach the pectoral girdle to rest of axial skeleton

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3
Q

what are the muscles that act on the pectoral girdle?

A
  • serratus anterior

- trapezius (upper, middle, lower)

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4
Q

serratus anterior location

A

-anterolateral thorax to scapula

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5
Q

serratus anterior action

A
  • protracts scapula (throwing a punch)

- stabilize and holds scapula flush to body wall

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6
Q

serratus anterior innervation

A

-long thoracic

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7
Q

upper trapezius location

A
  • origin: posterior neck

- innervation: scapula

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8
Q

upper trapezius action

A

-elevates pectoral girdle

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9
Q

upper trapezius innervation

A

-accessory (cranial nerve XI)

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10
Q

middle trapezius location

A
  • origin: upper thoracic vertebrae

- insertion: scapula

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11
Q

middle trapezius action

A
  • retract scapula (pulls posteriorly)

- some head extension

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12
Q

middle trapezius innervation

A

-accessory (cranial nerve XI)

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13
Q

lower trapezius location

A
  • origin: lower thoracic vertebrae

- insertion: scapula

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14
Q

lower trapezius action

A

-depress pectoral girdle

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15
Q

lower trapezius innervation

A

-accessory (cranial nerve XI)

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16
Q

muscles that move the arm origin and insertion

A
  • aka brachium
  • originates on axial skeleton or scapula
  • inserts on the humerus
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17
Q

what are the muscles that move the arm?

A
  • pectoralis major
  • latissimus dorsi
  • teres major
  • deltoid
  • rotator cuff
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18
Q

pectoralis major location

A

-clavicle, sternum and anterior thorax to anterior proximal humerus

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19
Q

pectoralis major action

A
  • abducts arm (downward motion)
  • arm flexion
  • starts at the sternum/bit of clavicle
  • coronal, transverse plane
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20
Q

pectoralis major innervation

A

-medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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21
Q

latissimus dorsi location

A

-lower back to anterior proximal humerus

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22
Q

latissimus dorsi action

A
  • appendicular muscle
  • arm adduction
  • arm extension
  • internal/external arm rotation
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23
Q

latissimus dorsi innervation

A

-thoracodorsal

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24
Q

teres major location

A

-posterior inferior scapula to anterior proximal humerus

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25
Q

teres major action

A
  • bottom of scapula
  • good for fine movement and stability
  • work together
  • works w/ latissimus dorsi but with less force
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26
Q

teres major innervation

A

-lower subscapular

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27
Q

deltoid joint crossed

A

-glenohumeral

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28
Q

deltoid location

A

-superficial shoulder

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29
Q

deltoid action

A
  • moves the humerus
  • anterior : flexes
  • lateral: abducts
  • posterior: extends
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30
Q

deltoid innervation

A

-axillary

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31
Q

rotator cuff components

A
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
  • subscapularis
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32
Q

rotator cuff supraspinatus location

A

-superior posterior scapula

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33
Q

rotator cuff supraspinatus action

A

-first 15° of arm abduction

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34
Q

rotator cuff supraspinatus innervation

A

-suprascapular

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35
Q

rotator cuff infraspinatus location

A

-posterior scapula, inferior to supraspinatus

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36
Q

rotator cuff infraspinatus action

A
  • not powerful muscle

- adducts of arm

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37
Q

rotator cuff infraspinatus innervation

A

-suprascapular

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38
Q

rotator cuff teres minor location

A

-posterior scapula, inferior to infraspinatus

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39
Q

rotator cuff teres minor action

A
  • adduction of the arm

- not powerful muscle

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40
Q

rotator cuff teres minor innervation

A

-axillary

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41
Q

rotator cuff subscapularis location

A

-anterior scapula

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42
Q

rotator cuff subscapularis action

A

-internal rotation and adduction of arm

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43
Q

rotator cuff subscapularis innervation

A

-upper and lower subscapular

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44
Q

what do the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor all have in common?

A

-they all extend rotation of the arm

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45
Q

rotator cuff function

A

-stabilizes the glenohumeral joint

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46
Q

what are the muscles that act on the forearm?

A
  • biceps brachii
  • brachialis
  • brachioradialis
  • triceps brachii
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47
Q

muscles that move the forearm origin and insertion

A
  • muscles originate on scapula or humerus and cross the elbow joint
  • insert on the radius or ulna
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48
Q

biceps brachii joint crossed

A

-anterior elbow

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49
Q

biceps brachii location

A

-superficial anterior humerus to proximal radius

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50
Q

biceps brachii action

A

-flex forearm

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51
Q

biceps brachii innervation

A

-musculocutaneous

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52
Q

brachialis joint crossed

A

-anterior elbow

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53
Q

brachialis location

A

-superficial anterior humerus to proximal radius

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54
Q

brachialis action

A

-flex forearm

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55
Q

brachialis innervation

A

-musculocutaneous

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56
Q

brachioradialis joint crossed

A

-anterolateral elbow

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57
Q

brachioradialis location

A
  • distal humerus to distal radius

- superficial on lateral forearm

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58
Q

brachioradialis action

A
  • one of the reflex center

- flexes the forearm

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59
Q

brachioradialis innervation

A

-radial

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60
Q

triceps brachii location

A
  • posterior humerus to ulna

- superficial

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61
Q

triceps brachii action

A

-extensor of the forearm

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62
Q

triceps brachii innervation

A

-radial

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63
Q

what are the muscles that supinate or pronate the forearm?

A
  • supinator

- pronators

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64
Q

supinator location

A

-proximal forearm, deep

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65
Q

supinator action

A

-supinates forearm

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66
Q

supinator innervation

A

-radial

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67
Q

pronactors components

A
  • pronator teres

- pronator quadratus

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68
Q

pronator teres location

A
  • proximal anteromedial forearm
  • humerus to lateral radius
  • superficial
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69
Q

pronator teres action

A
  • rotates forearm

- pronates

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70
Q

pronator teres innervation

A

-median

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71
Q

pronator quadratus location

A

-distal anterior forearm, deep

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72
Q

pronator quadratus action

A
  • rotates forearm

- pronates

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73
Q

pronator quadratus innervation

A

-median

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74
Q

muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers origin and insertion

A
  • originates on the humerus, radius, or ulna

- inserts on the metacarpals or phalanges

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75
Q

what are the muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers?

A
  • flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris
  • flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus
  • flexor pollicis longus
  • extensor carpi radialis longus
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
  • extensor digitorum
  • extensor pollicis longus
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76
Q

flexor carpi radialis joint crossed

A

-anterior and lateral wrist

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77
Q

flexor carpi radialis location

A

-anterior forearm

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78
Q

flexor carpi radialis action

A

-radial flexion

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79
Q

flexor carpi radialis innervation

A

-median

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80
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris joint crossed

A

-anterior and medial wrist

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81
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris location

A

-anterior forearm

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82
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris action

A

-ulnar flexion

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83
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

-ulnar

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84
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis location

A

-anterior forearm

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85
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis action

A

-flex the fingers (digits II-V)

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86
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis innervation

A

-median

87
Q

flexor digitorum profundus location

A

-anterior forearm

88
Q

flexor digitorum profundus action

A

-flex the fingers (digits II-V)

89
Q

flexor digitorum profundus innervation

A

-median ulnar

90
Q

flexor pollicis longus location

A
  • anterior forearm

- crosses anterior thumb

91
Q

flexor pollicis longus action

A

-flexes the thumb

92
Q

flexor pollicis longus innervation

A

-median

93
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus location

A

-posterolateral forearm

94
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus action

A
  • helps move hand
  • facilitates movement at wrist
  • involved in extending and abducting the hand at wrist
95
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus innervation

A

-radial

96
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris joint crossed

A

-posterior and medial wrist

97
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris location

A

-posterior forearm

98
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

-extends and adducts at the carpus/wrist from anatomical position

99
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

-radial

100
Q

extensor digitorum joint crossed

A

-posterior fingers and wrist

101
Q

extensor digitorum location

A

-posterior forearm

102
Q

extensor digitorum action

A

-extends digits

103
Q

extensor digitorum innervation

A

-radial

104
Q

extensor pollicis longus joint crossed

A

-posterior thumb (interphalangeal joint)

105
Q

extensor pollicis longus location

A

-posterior forearm

106
Q

extensor pollicis longus action

A

-extends the thumb

107
Q

extensor pollicis longus innervation

A

-radial

108
Q

what are the intrinsic muscles of the hand?

A
  • thenar muscles
  • hypothenar muscles
  • lumbricals
  • dorsal interossei
  • palmar interossei
109
Q

thenar muscles components

A
  • abductor pollicis brevis
  • flexor pollicis brevis
  • adductor pollicis
  • opponens pollicis
110
Q

thenar muscles location

A
  • thumb

- thenar eminence

111
Q

thenar muscles action

A

-moves thumb

112
Q

thenar muscles innervation

A
  • median

- except for adductor pollicis where it’s innervation is ulnar

113
Q

hypothenar muscles components

A
  • flexor digiti minimi brevis
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • opponens digiti minimi
114
Q

hypothenar muscles location

A
  • hypothenar eminence

- 5th digit

115
Q

hypothenar muscles action

A

-moves pinkie

116
Q

hypothenar muscles innervation

A

-ulnar

117
Q

lumbricals location

A
  • hand

- deep

118
Q

lumbricals action

A
  • flex at metacarpophalangeal joint (II-V)

- extend interphalangeal joints (II-V)

119
Q

lumbricals innervation

A
  • median

- ulnar

120
Q

dorsal interossei location

A
  • hand

- deep

121
Q

dorsal interossei action

A

-abduct digits

122
Q

dorsal interossei innervation

A

-ulnar

123
Q

palmar interossei location

A
  • hand

- deep

124
Q

palmar interossei action

A

-adduct digits

125
Q

palmar interossei innervation

A

-ulnar

126
Q

how many lumbrical muscles are there?

A

4

127
Q

how many dorsal interossei muscles are there?

A

4

128
Q

how many palmar interossei muscles are there?

A

3

129
Q

muscles that move the thigh origin and insertion

A
  • originate from the pelvic girdle or vertebral column

- insert on femur

130
Q

what are the muscles that move the thigh?

A
  • iliopsoas group
  • tensor fascia lata
  • gluteus maximus
  • gluteus medius
  • adductor magnus
131
Q

components of the iliopsoas group

A
  • iliacus

- psoas major

132
Q

iliacus location

A

-goes to anterior proximal femur

133
Q

iliacus action

A

-flex the thigh at the hip

134
Q

iliacus innervation

A

-femoral

135
Q

psoas major location

A

-goes to anterior proximal femur

136
Q

psoas major action

A

-share a common tendon

137
Q

psoas major innervation

A

-upper lumbar

138
Q

tensor fascia lata joint crossed

A

-anterolateral hip

139
Q

tensor fascia lata location

A

-anterolateral pelvis and femur

140
Q

tensor fascia lata action

A
  • abducts and flexes the thigh

- pulls it anteriorly and laterally

141
Q

tensor fascia lata innervation

A

-superior gluteal

142
Q

gluteus maximus location

A

-buttocks

143
Q

gluteus maximus action

A

-thigh extension

144
Q

gluteus maximus innervation

A

-inferior gluteal

145
Q

gluteus medius location

A

lateral pelvis

146
Q

gluteus medius action

A

-abduct and internally rotate thigh

147
Q

gluteus medius innervation

A

-superior gluteal

148
Q

adductor magnus location

A

-medial femur

149
Q

adductor magnus action

A

-abduct and internally rotate thigh

150
Q

adductor magnus innervation

A

-obturator

151
Q

muscles of the thigh that move the leg origin and insertion

A
  • originate from the pelvic girdle, femur, or cross the knee joint
  • inserts on the lower leg
152
Q

what are the muscles that move the leg?

A
  • sartorius
  • quadriceps femoris
  • hamstrings
153
Q

sartorius joint crossed

A
  • anterolateral hip

- medial knee

154
Q

sartorius location

A
  • anterior femur

- superficial

155
Q

sartorius action

A
  • crossing the leg
    • ->flexion at hip
    • ->flexion at knee
    • ->external rotation at hip
156
Q

sartorius innervation

A

-femoral

157
Q

quadriceps femoris components

A
  • rectus femoris
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus intermedius
  • vastus medialis
158
Q

rectus femoris joint crossed

A
  • anterior knee

- hip

159
Q

rectus femoris location

A

-anterior femur

160
Q

rectus femoris action

A
  • extends the knee

- flexes the thigh at the hip

161
Q

rectus femoris inervation

A

-femoral

162
Q

vastus lateralis location

A
  • anterior femur

- attaches to outer border of patella

163
Q

vastus lateralis action

A
  • extends the knee joint

- moves the lower leg forward

164
Q

vastus lateralis innervation

A

-femoral

165
Q

vastus intermedius location

A

-anterior femur

166
Q

vastus intermedius action

A

-extension of knee

167
Q

vastus intermedius innervation

A

-femoral

168
Q

vastus medialis location

A

-anterior femur

169
Q

vastus medialis action

A
  • knee extension

- contributes to correct tracking of the patella

170
Q

vastus medialis innervation

A

-femoral

171
Q

hamstrings components

A
  • biceps femoris
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
172
Q

hamstrings group joint crossed

A
  • posterior hip

- knee

173
Q

hamstrings group location

A

-posterior femur

174
Q

hamstrings group action

A
  • flex the leg at the knee (opposite of the knee)

- extends thigh at the hip

175
Q

hamstrings group innervation

A

-sciatic

176
Q

muscles of the leg that move the ankle, foot, and toes origin and insertion

A
  • originate on femur, tibia, or fibula

- inserts on bones of the ankle and/or foot

177
Q

what are the muscles of the leg that move the ankle, foot, and toes?

A
  • tibialis anterior
  • extensor hallucis longus
  • extensor digitorum longus
  • fibularis/peroneus longus
  • fibularis/peroneus brevis
  • gastrocsoleus group
  • tibialis posterior
  • flexor hallucis longus
178
Q

tibialis anterior joint crossed

A

-anterior and medial ankle

179
Q

tibialis anterior location

A

-anterior leg

180
Q

tibialis anterior action

A
  • dorsiflexion

- inversion

181
Q

tibialis anterior innervation

A

-deep fibular/peroneal

182
Q

extensor hallucis longus joint crossed

A
  • dorsal surface

- joints of hallux and ankle

183
Q

extensor hallucis longus location

A

-anterior leg

184
Q

extensor hallucis longus action

A

-extends the hallux

185
Q

extensor hallucis longus innervation

A

-deep fibular/peroneal

186
Q

extensor digitorum longus joint crossed

A
  • dorsal surfaces

- joints of the digits and ankle

187
Q

extensor digitorum longus location

A

-anterior leg

188
Q

extensor digitorum longus action

A

-extends digits (II-V)

189
Q

extensor digitorum longus innervation

A

-deep fibular/peroneal

190
Q

fibularis/peroneus longus joint crossed

A

-lateral ankle

191
Q

fibularis/peroneus longus location

A

-lateral leg

192
Q

fibularis/peroneus longus action

A

-evert the foot

193
Q

fibularis/peroneus longus innervation

A

-superficial fibular/peroneal

194
Q

fibularis/peroneus brevis joint crossed

A

lateral ankle

195
Q

fibularis/peroneus brevis location

A

-lateral leg

196
Q

fibularis/peroneus brevis action

A

-eversion of the foot

197
Q

fibularis/peroneus brevis innervation

A

-superficial fibular/peroneal

198
Q

gastrocsoleus group components

A
  • gastrocnemius

- soleus

199
Q

gastrocnemius joint crossed

A
  • posterior ankle

- knee

200
Q

gastrocnemius location

A

-posterior leg

201
Q

gastrocnemius action

A
  • plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint

- flexes the leg at the knee joint

202
Q

gastrocnemius innervation

A

-tibial

203
Q

soleus joint crossed

A

-posterior ankle

204
Q

soleus location

A

-posterior leg

205
Q

soleus action

A

-plantar flexion of foot

206
Q

soleus innervation

A

-tibial

207
Q

tibialis posterior joint crossed

A

-posterior and medial ankle

208
Q

tibialis posterior location

A

-posterior leg

209
Q

tibialis posterior action

A
  • invert and plantar flex
  • flex digits II-V
  • flex the hallux
210
Q

tibialis posterior innervation

A

-tibial

211
Q

flexor hallucis longus joint crossed

A
  • plantar surface

- joints of the hallux and ankle

212
Q

flexor hallucis longus location

A

-deepest posterior leg

213
Q

flexor hallucis longus action

A

-flexes the hallux

214
Q

flexor hallucis longus innervation

A

-tibial

Anatomy (41 decks)

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