Digestive System III

Question 1

liver location

Answer 1

• URQ

- abdominal cavity located beneath diaphragm

Question 2

liver lobes

Answer 2

• right (largest)
• left (extends to left nipple)
• quadrate (inferior)
• caudate (superior to hilus)

Question 3

define hilus

Answer 3

-location of entry to blood vessels

Question 4

liver: falciform ligament location

Answer 4

• portion of peritoneum

- attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall and to diaphragm

Question 5

liver: ligamentum teres location

Answer 5

• fibrous cord

- extends from liver to umbilicus

Question 6

liver lobules: hepatocytes composition

Answer 6

• aka liver cells
• glandular cuboidal cells
• arranged in “plates” or rows

Question 7

liver lobules: bile canaliculi composition

Answer 7

• small channels passing btwn rows of cells

- transports bile secreted by liver cells

Question 8

liver lobules: central veins

Answer 8

-collects blood & transports to hepatic vein and onto the IVC

Question 9

liver lobules: sinusoids

Answer 9

-passageways which transport blood past hepatocytes

Question 10

liver lobules: portal triad

Answer 10

contains branches of:

• portal vein
• hepatic artery
• hepatic duct

Question 11

what supplies the liver with blood?

Answer 11

• hepatic artery (O2 rich)

- hepatic portal vein (nutrient rich, waste)

Question 12

liver function

Answer 12

• synthesis and storage
• removal of toxic substances
• kupffer cells
• production of bile

Question 13

liver function: synthesis and storage

Answer 13

• glycogen
• blood proteins (albumin, clotting factors)
• vitamins (A,D,E,K)

Question 14

liver function: kupffer cells

Answer 14

-phagocytic aged RBC, bacteria

Question 15

bile composition

Answer 15

• water
• cholesterol
• bile pigments
• bile salts

Question 16

bile function

Answer 16

-emulsification of fat

Question 17

bile secretion pathway

Answer 17

-hepatocytes produce bile–>enters canaliculi–> drain into R & L hepatic ducts–>enters gall bladder

Question 18

gallbladder location

Answer 18

-attached to inferior and posterior surface of liver

Question 19

gallbladder structure

Answer 19

• lined w mucosa which absorbs H2O

- contain smooth muscle which contracts to expel bile

Question 20

gallbladder function

Answer 20

• concentration and storage of bile

- expels bile

Question 21

how does bile get to the small intestine?

Answer 21

• cystic duct

- gallbladder –> duodenum

Question 22

pancreas location

Answer 22

• runs along the posterior and inferior abdominal wall/stomach
• extends from spleen to duodenum
• retroperitoneal

Question 23

pancreas structure

Answer 23

• glandular organ

- has head, body, and tail

Question 24

pancreas function

Answer 24

-both exocrine and endocrine gland

Question 25

pancreas exocrine function

Answer 25

• secretes into ducts

- produces pancreatic enzymes which digest food in small intestine

Question 26

pancreas endocrine function

Answer 26

• secretes directly into blood

- produces insulin

Question 27

liver: types of venous drainage

Answer 27

• central vein

- hepatic vein