Female Reproduction Cycle

Question 1

ovaries location

Answer 1

• lateral wall of abdominopelvic cavity

- approx at level of anterior superior iliac spine

Question 2

ovaries function

Answer 2

• production of mature ova

- endocrine gland produces estrogen & progesterone

Question 3

ovary medulla

Answer 3

-contains nerves and blood vessels

Question 4

ovary cortex

Answer 4

-contains follicles

Question 5

ovary structure: primordial/primary follicles

Answer 5

-immature follicles (ova & surrounding capsule)

Question 6

ovary structure: secondary follicles

Answer 6

-second maturational stage

Question 7

ovary structure: graafian follicles

Answer 7

-mature ova which rupture from surrounding follicle during ovulation

Question 8

ovary structure: corpus luteum

Answer 8

• glandular structure which develops from follicle after ova has been extruded
• secretes estrogen & progesterone

Question 9

ovary structure: corpus albicans

Answer 9

-degenerated corpus luteum

Question 10

uterine tube

Answer 10

-includes fallopian tubes & oviducts

Question 11

uterine tubes location

Answer 11

-extends laterally from the upper portion of the uterus

Question 12

uterine tubes structure

Answer 12

• muscular tube made of smooth muscle
• terminal (lateral) end is funnel-shaped & has finger-like
• ampulla: wide portion located close to uterus

Question 13

uterine tubes function

Answer 13

• communicate w the uterus
• rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle helps transport ova to the uterus
• site of fertilization

Question 14

uterus location

Answer 14

• btwn bladder & rectum within the pelvic cavity

- generally anteflexed, tilted slightly anteriorly

Question 15

uterus function

Answer 15

• provides a site for implantation of fertilization
• houses developing fetus
• capable of contraction during delivery to aid in the birthing process

Question 16

uterus structure

Answer 16

• hollow, pear-shaped organ

- thick, muscular walls

Question 17

uterus structure: regions

Answer 17

• fundus
• body
• cervix

Question 18

uterus support

Answer 18

-four paired ligaments support the uterus in the position within the pelvic cavity

Question 19

uterus structure: uterine wall layers

Answer 19

• perimetrium
• myometrium
• endometrium

Question 20

uterus structure: uterine wall: perimetrium

Answer 20

-thin, outer CT covering

Question 21

uterus structure: uterine wall: myometrium

Answer 21

-middle layer composed of smooth muscle

Question 22

uterus structure: uterine wall: endometrium: stratum functionale

Answer 22

-superficial layer which is shed during menstruation

Question 23

uterus structure: uterine wall endometrium: stratum basale

Answer 23

• deep to above
• very vascular
• regenerates to rebuild layer above which is shed during menstruation

Question 24

vagina location

Answer 24

• extends from uterus to external orifice (opening)

- posterior to bladder and urethra and anterior to rectum

Question 25

vagina fornices

Answer 25

- spaces or recesses formed by the protrusion of the cervix to the vagina - i.e. posterior fornix, anterior fornix, and lateral fornices

Question 26

vagina structure: vaginal orifice

Answer 26

-located btwn the urethral orifice and the anus

Question 27

vagina structure: hymen

Answer 27

-membrane which may partially cover the vaginal orifice

Question 28

vagina structure: vaginal wall: mucosal layer

Answer 28

- innermost layer - composed of stratified squamous epithelium - mucous glands present which secrete acidic environment

Question 29

vagina structure: vaginal wall: muscular layer

Answer 29

-composed of smooth muscle

Question 30

vagina structure: vaginal wall: fibrous layer

Answer 30

-outermost CT

Question 31

mons pubis

Answer 31

- pad of adipose tissue | - covers symphysis pubis

Question 32

labia majora

Answer 32

-thickened, longitudinal folds of skin which protect genitalia

Question 33

clitoris

Answer 33

- small, rounded projection composed of erectile tissue | - located anterior to urethral orifice

Question 34

vestibule

Answer 34

- region enclosed by labia majora | - contains vaginal and urethral orifices

Question 35

vestibular glands

Answer 35

- aka bartholin's glands | - secrete mucous into vestibule to lubricate vaginal orifice

Question 36

mammary glands

Answer 36

-modified sweat glands & adipose tissue

Question 37

mammary glands location

Answer 37

- overlies pectoralis major | - extends from rib 2 to rib 6

Question 38

mammary glands: lobes

Answer 38

-glandular tissue separated by adipose tissue

Question 39

mammary glands: lobules: alveoli

Answer 39

-glandular sacs which secrete milk

Question 40

mammary glands: lobules: suspensory ligaments of cooper

Answer 40

-CT which support breast

Question 41

mammary glands: lobules: lactiferous duct

Answer 41

-carries milk from gland to nipple

Question 42

mammary glands: nipple

Answer 42

- level T4 | - areolar: dark pigmented region

Question 43

mammary glands: lymphatic drainage

Answer 43

- 75% of lymph drains towards axillary nodes | - lactation influenced by prolactin

Question 44

lactation

Answer 44

milk production