Thiazides

Question 1

Names of the Thiazide Diuretics

Answer 1

-Hydrochloroathiazide (“Chloro-thighs” )

-Chlorothalidone (“thiodore roosevelt”)

Question 2

Site of Action of Thiazide Diuretics

Answer 2

Distal Convoluted Tubules

Question 3

Thiazides MOA

Answer 3

-block NaCl Transporter

• intracellular levels of Na+ drops → Ca+2/Na+ exchanger on basolateral membrane is enhanced
• ​more Ca+2 is reabsorbed

Question 4

Thiazides are used to treat …

Answer 4

-one of the 1st line treatments for mild-moderate hypertension
(“high pressure pipes”)

-useful in treatment of symptomatic heart failure
(“balloon guy holding lithium and floppy heart balloon”)

• ***Loop Diuretics are 1st Line***

-thiazides may treat nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
and reduce polyuria and polydypsia

-thiazides can prevent Calcium stones
(“worker removing stones from tube slide”)

-patients with osteoporosis may benefit from thiazide treatment
(“life guard holding new calcium chalk”)

Question 5

what are the side effects seen with Thiazide diuretics treatment ?

Answer 5

HYPER
Glycemia (“elevated candy jar”)
Lipidemia (“elevated butter stick”)
Calcemia (“elevated Calci-YUM ice cream”)
Uricemia - may precipitate gout (“yellow knitting needles”)

HYPO
Kalemia (“Banana peel on floor”)
Natremia (“salty peanuts on floor”)
——————————————————————————–
-can cause contraction/metabolic alkalosis

• may decrease the amount of Lithium cleared from the kidney , thus increase serum Lithium
• Sulfa drugs

Question 6

what is the difference between Ca+2 Reabsoprtion in PCT and DCT ?

Answer 6

PCT- passive , paracellular

DCT- active , controlled by PTH