12. Tetracyclines and glycylcyclines Flashcards
1
Q
Tetracyclines
A
**Tetracycline
Oxytetracycline
Doxycycline
Minocycline
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- bind irreversibly to 30s ribosomal subunit
- broad spectrum
- activity against MRSA
-activity against tick borne bacteria
(Rickettsia, Erlichia, Francisella, Borrelia)
- activity against Brucella
- treats culture negative endocarditis caused by coxiella
- activity against yersenia
- treats chlamydial cervicitis and urethritis
- treats chlamydial pelvic inflammatory disease
- treats chlamydial bronchitis and atypical pneumonia
- treats atypical “walking” pneumonia by Mycoplasma
- treat acne
- Causes tooth discoloration in young children
- deposits in fetal teeth and **bone
- ——————————————————————————-**
- multivalent cations (calcium, iron, magnesium) decrease absorption
- GI side effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
- Photosensitivity
- Fanconi syndrome (type 2 RTA) associated with use of expired tetracycline’s
- resistance via efflux pumps, and alteration of ribosome
- eliminated fecally, safe in renal failure patients
2
Q
Glycyl-cyclines
A
Tigecycline - Minocycline derivative
- Protein synthesis inhibitor S 30 subunit - reversible inhibition
- Bacteriostatic
- MRSA, VRE, tetracycline resistant
- IV
- large Vd, low plasma concentration
- Bile (long elimination half-life)
- similar to tetracyclines →Pancreatitis (may be fatal)