12. Tetracyclines and glycylcyclines Flashcards

1
Q

Tetracyclines

A

**Tetracycline

Oxytetracycline

Doxycycline

Minocycline
——————————————————————————–**

  • bind irreversibly to 30s ribosomal subunit
  • broad spectrum
  • activity against MRSA

-activity against tick borne bacteria
(Rickettsia, Erlichia, Francisella, Borrelia)

  • activity against Brucella
  • treats culture negative endocarditis caused by coxiella
  • activity against yersenia
  • treats chlamydial cervicitis and urethritis
  • treats chlamydial pelvic inflammatory disease
  • treats chlamydial bronchitis and atypical pneumonia
  • treats atypical “walking” pneumonia by Mycoplasma
  • treat acne
  • Causes tooth discoloration in young children
  • deposits in fetal teeth and **bone
  • ——————————————————————————-**
  • multivalent cations (calcium, iron, magnesium) decrease absorption
  • GI side effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
  • Photosensitivity
  • Fanconi syndrome (type 2 RTA) associated with use of expired tetracycline’s
  • resistance via efflux pumps, and alteration of ribosome
  • eliminated fecally, safe in renal failure patients
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2
Q

Glycyl-cyclines

A

Tigecycline - Minocycline derivative

  • Protein synthesis inhibitor S​ 30 subunit​ - r​eversible​ inhibition
  • Bacterio​static
  • MRSA, VRE, tetracycline resistant
  • IV
  • l​arge Vd, low plasma concentration
  • B​ile (long elimination half-life)
  • similar to tetracyclines →Pancreatitis (may be fatal)
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