Broad spectrum antiepileptic agents

Question 1

name the broad spectrum Antiepileptics

(“Seize the Land”)

Answer 1

Valproate
(“festiVAL reception)

Topiramate
(“Toupee”)

Lamotrigine
(“Llama”)

Levetiracetam
(“Elevator”)

Question 2

broad spectrum antiepiletpics MOA

Answer 2

-Increase Na+ channel inactivation

(“inactivated baskets of salty peanuts”)

-metabolized by the hepatic cytochrome CYP450 system

(“Chrome CYP450 canon on ship”)

Question 3

what are broad spectrum antiepileptic drugs used for ?

Answer 3

• Focal Seizures
• Generalized Seizures
• Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (J.M.E)

Question 4

Valproate

(“welcome festiVAL”)

Answer 4

-Increases Na+ channel inactivation
(“inactivated baskes of salty peanuts”)

-increases GABA levels in CNS
(“elevated Cab of king of incas”)

-can cause GI distress (nausea,vomiting)
(“incas king is nauseated “)

-can cause increased appetite and weight gain
(“king of incas is fat”)

-can cause Tremors
(“trembelling weapon baseball bat”)

-can cause Fatal hepatotoxicity
(“liver spot on inca cow”)

-can cause Pancreatitis
(“lady inca squeezing sponge”)

-valproate can be Teratogenic
(“Tarantula on inca shields”)

-valproate therapy during pregnancy can cause neural tube defects
(“inca has baby on her back playing the tubes”)

Question 5

Topiramate

(“admiral’s Toupee”)

Answer 5

-increase Na+ channel inactivation
(“inactivated baskes of salty peanuts”)

-allosterically binds to GABA-A receptor
(“admiral shaking hand of Cab-A’s inca driver”)

-can cause somnolence and fatigue
(“fatigued soldier behinnd admiral”)

-can cause confusion and cognitive slowing
(“soldier scratching his head behind admiral”)

-can cause weight loss
(“thin arm of canon operator”)

-topiramate can cause acute angle closure glaucoma
(“admirals helper holding high pressure eye kettle”)

-topiramate may increase the risk for Urolithiasis
(“canon balls next to admiral”)

Question 6

Lamotrigine

(“Llama”)

Answer 6

-increase Na+ channels inactivation
(“inactivated basket of salted peanuts”)

-can cause Stevens Johnson Syndrome /Toxic epidermal Necrolysis {SJS/TEN}
(“sloughed off mask of Llama rider”)

-Llamotrigine may cause diplopia
(“crossed eye camel”)

Question 7

Levetiracetam

(“elevator”)

Answer 7

-MOA not entirely known

-may cause somnolence
(“sleeping elevator operator”)