Calcium Channel Blockers Flashcards

1
Q

Calcium Channel Blockers MOA

A

Block L-type voltage gated calcium channels

(“L-Shaped handle”)

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2
Q

what are the 2 main groups of CCBs? what is the main difference between the two ?

A

1) Dihydropiridines
Blocks calcium channels in **Smooth Muscle

2)Non-Dihydropiridines**

Blocks calcium channels in Cardiac Muscle

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3
Q

Name the Dihydropiridines

A

-DIPINE -suffix

  • *Nife**/ DIPINE
  • *Amlo**/ DIPINE
  • *Nicar/** DIPINE
  • *Clevi**/ DIPINE
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4
Q

Name the Non-Dihydropiridines

A

Verapamil
(“very vannilla” flavor)

Diltiazem
(“Delicious dark choclate” flavor)

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5
Q

Non-Dihydropiridines MOA

(“Non-Dairy” section”)

A

-Block L-type voltage gated calcium channels in Cardiac muscle

  • decrease cardiac contractility
    (“weak kid trying to squeeze out some ice cream from the nozzle”)
  • ​decrease activity of SA and AV nodes
    (“Music notes on non-dairy sign”)

⇒ may cause bradycardia​
(“Low dangling heart pocket watch”)

  • ​ act as a negative ionotrope and chronotrope thus decrease myocardial oxygen demand
    (“discarded oxygen line”)
  • Verapamil → very minimal dilatory activity
    (“Small sized ice-cream nozzle”)

Diltiazem → has some vasodilatory activity​
(“Medium sized ice-cream nozzle”)

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6
Q

Dihydropiridines MOA

A

Block L-type Calcium Channels found in cardiac muscle

  • vasodilate coronary arteries. (“dilatd coronary crown”)
  • Reduce coronary resistance, increase coronary blood flow and may enhance development of collaterals

​-increased peripheral vasodilation

  • lower systemic blood pressure
  • ​ decrease myocardial oxygen demand
    (“discarded oxygen line”)
  • ​reduce afterload
    (“reducued navil load because no ice-cream inside”)
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7
Q

Calcium Channel Blockers Can Treat …

A

-CCB’s treat hypertension
(“High pressure pipes”)

-CCB’s treat stable angina
(“angina anvil”)

-CCB’s treat prinzmetal angina
(“Anvil medal on red crown lady”)

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8
Q

what can Non-Dihydropiridines be used for?

A

-Verapamil can be used for Migraine Prophylaxis
(“pounding headbell”)

-they have antiarrhythmic properties, this will help with A .Fib and A .Flutter
(“Jukebox with records”)

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9
Q

what can Dihydropiridines be used for ?

A

-IV dihydropyridines such as Clevidipine and Nicardipine can treat hypertensive emergency
(“Emergency shut off switch”)

-Nifedipine is used to treat hypertension in pregnancy or post-partum
(“Pregnant knife lady”)

-Nifedipine and Amlodipine can treat raynaud’s syndrome-an exaggerated response to cold temperature or stress
(“guy in toppings stand has blue fingertips”)

-can be used to treat subarachnoid hemorrhages commonly associated with berry aneurysms
(“brain shaped ice-cream with berries”)

  • Nimodipine prevents vasospasms after a subarachnoid hemorrhage, vasodilates cerebral vessels (berry brain ice-cream “need Mo’dippin”)
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10
Q

Dihydropiridines Side Effects

A
  • CCB’sc an worsen heart failure due to hypotension, and can increase sympathetic activity
  • Short acting Nifedipine has a high chance of side effects because of how active it is.
  • Nifedipine can exacerbate myocardial ischemia due to reflex tachycardia – avoid in patients with unstable angina or MI
    (“Knife cutting heart shaped apple”)
  • Dihydropiridines ​can cause reflex tachycardia, especially with Nifedipine
    (female doctor holding “Heart reflex hammer”)

-can cause lightheadedness, Headache, flushing,
(“lightheaded monkey customer”)

-Peripheral edema due to preferential dilation from precapillary vessels from the arterioles increased capillary hydrostatic pressure

(“ monkey customer wearing Baggy pants”)

(“failing heart balloon”)

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11
Q

Non-Dihydropiridines Side effects

A

-verapamil can cause constipation
(“Clogged toilet)

-verapamil can cause gingival hypertrophy
(“toilet plummer has expanding gum in his mouth”)

-verapamil and diltiazem care relatively contraindicated in patients with heart block
(“remain unblocked” sign next to door)

-Verapamil or diltiazem combined with a beta blockers may produce excessive AV block
(“remain unBlocked” sign next to door)

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