Calcium Channel Blockers Flashcards
Calcium Channel Blockers MOA
Block L-type voltage gated calcium channels
(“L-Shaped handle”)
what are the 2 main groups of CCBs? what is the main difference between the two ?
1) Dihydropiridines
Blocks calcium channels in **Smooth Muscle
2)Non-Dihydropiridines**
Blocks calcium channels in Cardiac Muscle
Name the Dihydropiridines
-DIPINE -suffix
- *Nife**/ DIPINE
- *Amlo**/ DIPINE
- *Nicar/** DIPINE
- *Clevi**/ DIPINE
Name the Non-Dihydropiridines
Verapamil
(“very vannilla” flavor)
Diltiazem
(“Delicious dark choclate” flavor)
Non-Dihydropiridines MOA
(“Non-Dairy” section”)
-Block L-type voltage gated calcium channels in Cardiac muscle
- decrease cardiac contractility
(“weak kid trying to squeeze out some ice cream from the nozzle”) - decrease activity of SA and AV nodes
(“Music notes on non-dairy sign”)
⇒ may cause bradycardia
(“Low dangling heart pocket watch”)
- act as a negative ionotrope and chronotrope thus decrease myocardial oxygen demand
(“discarded oxygen line”) - Verapamil → very minimal dilatory activity
(“Small sized ice-cream nozzle”)
Diltiazem → has some vasodilatory activity
(“Medium sized ice-cream nozzle”)
Dihydropiridines MOA
Block L-type Calcium Channels found in cardiac muscle
- vasodilate coronary arteries. (“dilatd coronary crown”)
- Reduce coronary resistance, increase coronary blood flow and may enhance development of collaterals
-increased peripheral vasodilation
- lower systemic blood pressure
- decrease myocardial oxygen demand
(“discarded oxygen line”) - reduce afterload
(“reducued navil load because no ice-cream inside”)
Calcium Channel Blockers Can Treat …
-CCB’s treat hypertension
(“High pressure pipes”)
-CCB’s treat stable angina
(“angina anvil”)
-CCB’s treat prinzmetal angina
(“Anvil medal on red crown lady”)
what can Non-Dihydropiridines be used for?
-Verapamil can be used for Migraine Prophylaxis
(“pounding headbell”)
-they have antiarrhythmic properties, this will help with A .Fib and A .Flutter
(“Jukebox with records”)
what can Dihydropiridines be used for ?
-IV dihydropyridines such as Clevidipine and Nicardipine can treat hypertensive emergency
(“Emergency shut off switch”)
-Nifedipine is used to treat hypertension in pregnancy or post-partum
(“Pregnant knife lady”)
-Nifedipine and Amlodipine can treat raynaud’s syndrome-an exaggerated response to cold temperature or stress
(“guy in toppings stand has blue fingertips”)
-can be used to treat subarachnoid hemorrhages commonly associated with berry aneurysms
(“brain shaped ice-cream with berries”)
- Nimodipine prevents vasospasms after a subarachnoid hemorrhage, vasodilates cerebral vessels (berry brain ice-cream “need Mo’dippin”)
Dihydropiridines Side Effects
- CCB’sc an worsen heart failure due to hypotension, and can increase sympathetic activity
- Short acting Nifedipine has a high chance of side effects because of how active it is.
- Nifedipine can exacerbate myocardial ischemia due to reflex tachycardia – avoid in patients with unstable angina or MI
(“Knife cutting heart shaped apple”) - Dihydropiridines can cause reflex tachycardia, especially with Nifedipine
(female doctor holding “Heart reflex hammer”)
-can cause lightheadedness, Headache, flushing,
(“lightheaded monkey customer”)
-Peripheral edema due to preferential dilation from precapillary vessels from the arterioles increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
(“ monkey customer wearing Baggy pants”)
(“failing heart balloon”)
Non-Dihydropiridines Side effects
-verapamil can cause constipation
(“Clogged toilet)
-verapamil can cause gingival hypertrophy
(“toilet plummer has expanding gum in his mouth”)
-verapamil and diltiazem care relatively contraindicated in patients with heart block
(“remain unblocked” sign next to door)
-Verapamil or diltiazem combined with a beta blockers may produce excessive AV block
(“remain unBlocked” sign next to door)