15. Macrolides. Ketolides

Question 1

Macrolides

Answer 1

“FACES”
Fidaxomycin
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin
Spiramycin
———————————————————————————acts on bacterial 50s ribosomal subunit, Irreversible inhibition of translocation

• bacteriostatic
• treats Bordetella pertussis
• prophylaxis for Bordetella pertussis for family members
• Azithromycin treats atypical pneumonia caused by M. Pneumoniae
• treats walking pneumonia caused by legionella
• Azithromycin treats atypical chlamydia pneumoniae, and urethritis and cervicitis caused by Chlamydia
• Azithromycin treats infections with Bartonella
• Azithromycin and clarithromycin have activity against mycobacterium avium
• Azithromycin prophylaxis for patients **CD4<50
• ——————————————————————————--oral Erythromycin treatsneonatal conjunctivitiscan pneumonia caused bychlamydia trachomatis**
• Erythromycin drops treat neonatal conjunctivitis caused by N. Gonorrhea
• Erythromycin treats **diphtheria
• ——————————————————————————-**
• Azithromycin and clarithromycin treat community acquired pneumonia caused by Strep pneumoniae

-Clindamycin + atovaquone treats babesiosis

• *-**Clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and PPI are triple therapy for **H. Pylori
• ——————————————————————————-**
• increased GI motility
• Acute cholestatic jaundice
• prolonged QT interval
• CYP450 inhibit

Question 2

Ketolides

Answer 2

• *Telithromycin**
• Bactericidal
• as macrolides + macrolide resistant bacteria
• Hepatotoxicity
• QT prolongation
• visual disturbances,
• CYP3A4 inhibitor