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Old English > The ruin > Flashcards

The ruin Flashcards

1
Q

To break, bruise, crush, destroy, shatter, waste

A

gebrecan

Sg. 1 ic i ġebrece ic i ġebræc
2 þu you ġebricst þu you ġebrǣce
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she ġebricþ he/hit/heo he/it/she ġebræc
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġebrecaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġebrǣcon

Subjunctive
Sg. ġebrece ġebrǣce
Pl. ġebrecen ġebrǣcen

Pres. part: ġebrecende
Past part: ġebrocen

Imperative (direct command)
Sg. ġebrec
Pl.

ġebrecaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to ġebrecenne

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2
Q

city

A

se burg-stede

Nominative (the/that se) burgstede (the/those þá) burgstedeas
Accusative (the/that þone) burgstede (the/those þá) burgstedeas
Genitive (the/that þæs) burgstedes (the/those þára) burgsteda
Dative (the/that þæm) burgstede (the/those þæm) burgstedum

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3
Q

to burst ⬩ break ⬩ fail ⬩ fall

A

berstan

Sg. 1 ic i berste ic i bærst
2 þu you birst þu you burste
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she birst he/hit/heo he/it/she bærst
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they berstaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they burston
Subjunctive
Sg. berste burste
Pl. bersten bursten
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
berstende borsten
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. berst
Pl. berstaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to berstenne

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4
Q

To corrupt, decay, rot, perish

A

brosnian

Sg. 1 ic i brosniġe ic i brosnode
2 þu you brosnast þu you brosnodest
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she brosnaþ he/hit/heo he/it/she brosnode
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they brosniaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they brosnodon
Subjunctive
Sg. brosniġe brosnode
Pl. brosniġen brosnoden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
brosniende brosnod

Imperative (direct command)
Sg. brosna
Pl.brosniaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to brosnienne

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5
Q

giant (creature)

A

se ent

Nominative (the/that se) ent (the/those þá) entas
Accusative (the/that þone) ent (the/those þá) entas
Genitive (the/that þæs) entes (the/those þára) enta
Dative (the/that þæm) ente (the/those þæm) entum

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6
Q

work, fort, fortress

A

þæt geweorc

Nominative (the/that þæt) ġeweorc (the/those þá) ġeweorc
Accusative (the/that þæt) ġeweorc (the/those þá) ġeweorc
Genitive (the/that þæs) ġeweorces (the/those þára) ġeweorca
Dative (the/that þæm) ġeweorce (the/those þæm) ġeweorcum

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7
Q

to fall, fall down

A

hreosan

Sg. 1 ic i hríese ic i hréas
2 þu you hríesest þu you hrure
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she hríeseþ he/hit/heo he/it/she hréas
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they hríesaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they hruron
Subjunctive
Sg. hríese hrure
Pl. hríesen hruren
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
hríesende gehroren
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. hríese
Pl. hríesaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to hríesan

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8
Q

ruinous, ruined (adj.)

A

hreorig

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9
Q

tower (from latin)

A

se torr
from Latin turris, a tower; the native word is stípel

Nominative (the/that se) torr (the/those þá) torras
Accusative (the/that þone) torr (the/those þá) torras
Genitive (the/that þæs) torres (the/those þára) torra
Dative (the/that þæm) torre (the/those þæm) torrum

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10
Q

rung, staff, rod, beam, pole;

A

seo hrung

Nominative (the/that séo) hrung (the/those þá) hrunga
Accusative (the/that þá) hrunge (the/those þá) hrunga
Genitive (the/that þære) hrunge (the/those þára) hrunga
Dative (the/that þære) hrunge (the/those þæm) hrungum

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11
Q

gate, door

A

þæt geat

Nominative (the/that þæt) geat (the/those þá) gatu
Accusative (the/that þæt) geat (the/those þá) gatu
Genitive (the/that þæs) geates (the/those þára) gata
Dative (the/that þæm) geate (the/those þæm) gatum

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12
Q

bereave, deprive

A

bereofan

Sg. 1 ic i berēofe ic i berēaf
2 þu you berīefst þu you berufe
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she berīefþ he/hit/heo he/it/she berēaf
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they berēofaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they berufon
Subjunctive
Sg. berēofe berufe
Pl. berēofen berufen
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
berēofende berofen
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. berēof
Pl. berēofaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to berēofenne

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13
Q

frost

A

se hrim

Nominative (the/that se) HRIM (the/those þá) HRIMas
Accusative (the/that þone) HRIM (the/those þá) HRIMas
Genitive (the/that þæs) HRIMes (the/those þára) HRIMa
Dative (the/that þæm) HRIMe (the/those þæm) HRIMum

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14
Q

material which causes adhesion, cement, mortar, glue, gluten, bird lime, thick substance made of curds, paste

A

se lim

Nominative (the/that se) LIM (the/those þá) LIMas
Accusative (the/that þone) LIM (the/those þá) LIMas
Genitive (the/that þæs) LIMes (the/those þára) LIMa
Dative (the/that þæm) LIMe (the/those þæm) LIMum

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15
Q

notched, hacked, having gaps or rifts, gashed, mutilated

A

sceard

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16
Q

A shelter against storm

A

seo scúr-beorg

Nominative (the/that séo) scúrbeorg (the/those þá) scúrbeorga
Accusative (the/that þá) scúrbeorge (the/those þá) scúrbeorga
Genitive (the/that þære) scúrbeorge (the/those þára) scúrbeorga
Dative (the/that þære) scúrbeorge (the/those þæm) scúrbeorgum

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17
Q

to shave, shear

A

scieran

Sg. 1 ic i sċiere ic i sċear
2 þu you sċierest|sċierst þu you sċēare
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she sċiereþ|sċierþ he/hit/heo he/it/she sċear
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they sċieraþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they sċēaron
Subjunctive
Sg. sċiere sċēare
Pl. sċieren sċēaren
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
sċierende sċoren
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. sċier
Pl. sċieraþ
Inflected Infinitive
to sċierenne

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18
Q

to rush fall perish to fall not remain suspended 2. to fall not remain standing (lit. or fig.) fall down fall to pieces 3. to fall not remain alert droop fail sink become weak fail

A

dreosan

Sg. 1 ic i dríese ic i dréas
2 þu you dríesest þu you drure
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she dríeseþ he/hit/heo he/it/she dréas
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they dríesaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they druron
Subjunctive
Sg. dríese drure
Pl. dríesen druren
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
dríesende gedroren
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. dríese
Pl. dríesaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to dríesan

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19
Q

age old age an age century

A

seo ældu
Strong Feminine Noun

Nominative (the/that séo) ældu (the/those þá) ælda
Accusative (the/that þá) ælde (the/those þá) ælda
Genitive (the/that þære) ælde (the/those þára) ælda
Dative (the/that þære) ælde (the/those þæm) ældum

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20
Q

earth’s embrace

A

seo eorðgráp

Nominative (the/that séo) eorðgráp (the/those þá) eorðgrápa
Accusative (the/that þá) eorðgrápe (the/those þá) eorðgrápa
Genitive (the/that þære) eorðgrápe (the/those þára) eorðgrápa
Dative (the/that þære) eorðgrápe (the/those þæm) eorðgrápum

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21
Q

workman, artificer, wright, labourer, one who works at some trade

A

se wyrhta

Nominative (the/that se) wyrhta (the/those þá) wyrhtan
Accusative (the/that þone) wyrhtan (the/those þá) wyrhtan
Genitive (the/that þæs) wyrhtan (the/those þára) wyrhtena
Dative (the/that þæm) wyrhtan (the/those þæm) wyrhtum

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22
Q

decrepit decayed

A

forworen

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23
Q

to pass away ; to depart 2. to pass over or pass through

A

leoran

Sg. 1 ic i lēore ic i lēorde
2 þu you lēorest|lēorst þu you lēordest
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she lēoreþ|lēorþ he/hit/heo he/it/she lēorde
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they lēoraþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they lēordon
Subjunctive
Sg. lēore lēorde
Pl. lēoren lēorden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
lēorende lēored
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. lēor
Pl.

lēoraþ
Inflected Infinitive
to lēorenne

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24
Q

grip, grasp, hold, clutch, seizure

A

se gripe

Nominative (the/that se) gripe (the/those þá) gripas
Accusative (the/that þone) gripe (the/those þá) gripas
Genitive (the/that þæs) gripes (the/those þára) gripa
Dative (the/that þæm) gripe (the/those þæm) gripum

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25
earth soil ground
seo hrúse Nominative (the/that séo) hrúse (the/those þá) hrúsan Accusative (the/that þá) hrúsan (the/those þá) hrúsan Genitive (the/that þære) hrúsan (the/those þára) hrúsena Dative (the/that þære) hrúsan (the/those þæm) hrúsum
26
knee, generations
þæt cneo Nominative (the/that þæt) cnēo (the/those þá) cnēo Accusative (the/that þæt) cnēo (the/those þá) cnēo Genitive (the/that þæs) cneowes (the/those þára) cneowa Dative (the/that þæm) cneowe (the/those þæm) cnēom
27
wall, mostly of a building
se wag Nominative (the/that se) wāg (the/those þá) wāgas Accusative (the/that þone) wāg (the/those þá) wāgas Genitive (the/that þæs) wāges (the/those þára) wāga Dative (the/that þæm) wāge (the/those þæm) wāgum
28
to stay continue live remain delay
gebidan Sg. 1 ic i gebídee ic i gebád 2 þu you gebídeest þu you gebide 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she gebídeeþ he/hit/heo he/it/she gebád Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they gebídeaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they gebidon Subjunctive Sg. gebídee gebide Pl. gebídeen gebiden Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) gebídeende gebiden Imperative (direct command) Sg. gebídee Pl. gebídeaþ Inflected Infinitive to gebídean
29
grey (with lichen)
ræghár
30
lichen
seo ragu Nominative (the/that se) ragu (the/those þá) raga|rage Accusative (the/that þone) rage (the/those þá) raga|rage Genitive (the/that þæs) rage (the/those þára) raga Dative (the/that þæm) rage (the/those þæm) ragum
31
Red-stained having patches of red colour
reádfáh
32
lofty, high, towering, of buildings, hills, etc.
steap
33
Open, spread out, extended, broad, roomy, spacious, wide
geap
34
to heap up collect bring together accumulate
héapian Verb Weak wv/t2 Sg. 1 ic i héape ic i héapede 2 þu you héapest þu you héapedest 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she héapaþ he/hit/heo he/it/she héapede Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they héapaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they héapedon Subjunctive Sg. héape héapede Pl. héapen héapeden Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) héapende gehéaped Imperative (direct command) Sg. héape Pl. héapaþ Inflected Infinitive to héapan
35
skin, hide
þæt fell Nominative (the/that þæt) fell (the/those þá) fell Accusative (the/that þæt) fell (the/those þá) fell Genitive (the/that þæs) felles (the/those þára) fella Dative (the/that þæm) felle (the/those þæm) fellum
36
fierce ; savage ; terrible ; cruel ; angry
grimm
37
1. to destroy by crushing 2. to grind
grindan Verb strong class 3 Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense Indicative Sg. 1 ic i grinde ic i grand 2 þu you grinst|grintst þu you grunde 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she grint he/hit/heo he/it/she grand Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they grindaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they grundon Subjunctive Sg. grinde grunde Pl. grinden grunden Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) grindende grunden Imperative (direct command) Sg. grind Pl. grindaþ Inflected Infinitive to grindenne
38
genius, wit, understanding, skillful contrivance or work
se or-þanc Nominative (the/that se) orþanc (the/those þá) orþancas Accusative (the/that þone) orþanc (the/those þá) orþancas Genitive (the/that þæs) orþances (the/those þára) orþanca Dative (the/that þæm) orþance (the/those þæm) orþancum
39
ancient building an old creation ancient work
seo ærsceaft Strong Feminine Noun ærsceaft Singular Plural Nominative (the/that séo) ærsceaft (the/those þá) ærsceafta Accusative (the/that þá) ærsceafte (the/those þá) ærsceafta Genitive (the/that þære) ærsceafte (the/those þára) ærsceafta Dative (the/that þære) ærsceafte (the/those þæm) ærsceaftum
40
clay, mud, mire, earth
þæt lam Nominative (the/that þæt) lám (the/those þá) lám Accusative (the/that þæt) lám (the/those þá) lám Genitive (the/that þæs) lámes (the/those þára) láma Dative (the/that þæm) láme (the/those þæm) lámum
41
bark, crust, rind
seo rind Noun strong ō-stem Nominative (the/that se) rind (the/those þá) rinda|rinde Accusative (the/that þone) rinde (the/those þá) rinda|rinde Genitive (the/that þæs) rinde (the/those þára) rinda Dative (the/that þæm) rinde (the/those þæm) rindum
42
ring (as ornament or as money) coil bracelet collar crown garland treasured things a treasured thing (sword)
béag Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) béag (the/those þá) béagas Accusative (the/that þone) béag (the/those þá) béagas Genitive (the/that þæs) béages (the/those þára) béaga Dative (the/that þæm) béage (the/those þæm) béagum
43
to scheme feign pretend draw breath take breath breathe inspire to weave plait to draw unsheathe brandish
gebregdan Verb Strong sv/t3 Sg. 1 ic i breġde ic i bræġd|brǣd 2 þu you breġdest þu you brugde 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she breġdeþ he/hit/heo he/it/she bræġd|brǣd Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they breġdaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they brugdon Subjunctive Sg. breġde brugde Pl. breġden brugden Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) breġdende brogden Imperative (direct command) Sg. breġd Pl. breġdaþ Inflected Infinitive to breġdenne
44
deceit fraud
gebrægd Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) gebrægd (the/those þá) gebrægdas Accusative (the/that þone) gebrægd (the/those þá) gebrægdas Genitive (the/that þæs) gebrægdes (the/those þára) gebrægda Dative (the/that þæm) gebrægde (the/those þæm) gebrægdum
45
firm determined
hwætréd
46
strong-minded ; magnanimous
hygerof
47
to bind ; tie up ; fasten ; fetter ; restrain
gebindan Verb strong class 3 Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense Indicative Sg. 1 ic i ġebinde ic i ġeband 2 þu you ġebinst|ġebintst þu you ġebunde 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she ġebint he/hit/heo he/it/she ġeband Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġebindaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġebundon Subjunctive Sg. ġebinde ġebunde Pl. ġebinden ġebunden Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) ġebindende ġebunden Imperative (direct command) Sg. ġebind Pl. ġebindaþ Inflected Infinitive to ġebindenne
48
a house foundation (?)
se weall-wala Nominative (the/that se) weallwala (the/those þá) weallwalan Accusative (the/that þone) weallwalan (the/those þá) weallwalan Genitive (the/that þæs) weallwalan (the/those þára) weallwalena Dative (the/that þæm) weallwalan (the/those þæm) weallwalum
49
Wire, metal thread; often used apparently in ornamental work, so, an ornament made of wire.
se wir Nominative (the/that se) wir (the/those þá) wiras Accusative (the/that þone) wir (the/those þá) wiras Genitive (the/that þæs) wires (the/those þára) wira Dative (the/that þæm) wire (the/those þæm) wirum
50
A city-dwelling, house surrounded by a wall or rampart of earth
þæt burgræċed Nominative (the/that þæt ) burgræċed (the/those þá) burgræċedas Accusative (the/that þæt) burgræċed (the/those þá) burgræċedas Genitive (the/that þæs) burgræċedes (the/those þára) burgræċeda Dative (the/that þæm) burgræċede (the/those þæm) burgræċedum
51
bath house
se burnsele Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) burnsele (the/those þá) burnseleas Accusative (the/that þone) burnsele (the/those þá) burnseleas Genitive (the/that þæs) burnseles (the/those þára) burnsela Dative (the/that þæm) burnsele (the/those þæm) burnselum
52
Gain, product, emolument, wealth, riches, treasure, usury, business
þæt ge-streón
53
wealth of pinnacles (on a house)?
þæt horngestréon Nominative (the/that þæt) horngestréon (the/those þá) horngestréon Accusative (the/that þæt) horngestréon (the/those þá) horngestréon Genitive (the/that þæs) horngestréones (the/those þára) horngestréona Dative (the/that þæm) horngestréone (the/those þæm) horngestréonum
54
A HORN, a drinking-horn, a cupping-horn, a trumpet, the horn-shaped projection on the gable-end of a house
se / þæt horn Nominative (the/that se) HORN (the/those þá) HORNas Accusative (the/that þone) HORN (the/those þá) HORNas Genitive (the/that þæs) HORNes (the/those þára) HORNa Dative (the/that þæm) HORNe (the/those þæm) HORNum
55
martial sound
hereswég Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) hereswég (the/those þá) hereswégas Accusative (the/that þone) hereswég (the/those þá) hereswégas Genitive (the/that þæs) hereswéges (the/those þára) hereswéga Dative (the/that þæm) hereswége (the/those þæm) hereswégum
56
1. to change 2. to overturn ; turn aside 3. to reverse ; pervert
onwendan Verb weak class 1 Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense Indicative Sg. 1 ic i onwende ic i onwende 2 þu you onwendest|onwenst|onwentst þu you onwendest 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she onwendeþ|onwent he/hit/heo he/it/she onwende Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they onwendaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they onwendon Subjunctive Sg. onwende onwende Pl. onwenden onwenden Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) onwendende onwended Imperative (direct command) Sg. onwend Pl.onwendaþ Inflected Infinitive to onwendenne
57
1. to fall ; yield 2. to fall or die in battle
cringan Verb strong class 3 Sg. 1 ic i cringe ic i crang 2 þu you cringst þu you crunge 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she cringþ he/hit/heo he/it/she crang Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they cringaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they crungon Subjunctive Sg. cringe crunge Pl. cringen crungen Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) cringende crungen Imperative (direct command) Sg. cring Pl. cringaþ Inflected Infinitive to cringenne
58
1. slaughter ; carnage 2. the slain 3. (rare) a slain person ; corpse
þæt wæl Noun strong a-stem Nominative (the/that þæt) wæl (the/those þá) walu Accusative (the/that þæt) wæl (the/those þá) walu Genitive (the/that þæs) wæles (the/those þára) wala Dative (the/that þæm) wæle (the/those þæm) walum
59
to come
cuman Verb strong class 4 Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense Indicative Sg. 1 ic i cume ic i cōm|cwōm 2 þu you cymest|cymst þu you cōme|cwōme 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she cymeþ|cymþ he/hit/heo he/it/she cōm|cwōm Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they cumaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they cōmon|cwōmon Subjunctive Sg. cume cōme|cwōme Pl. cumen cōmen|cwōmen Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) cumende cumen|cymen Imperative (direct command) Sg. cum Pl.cumaþ Inflected Infinitive to cumenne
60
a day of pestilence or death
se woldæg Noun strong a-stem Nominative (the/that se) wōldæġ (the/those þá) wōldagas Accusative (the/that þone) wōldæġ (the/those þá) wōldagas Genitive (the/that þæs) wōldæġes (the/those þára) wōldaga Dative (the/that þæm) wōldæġe (the/those þæm) wōldagum
61
death destruction
se swylt Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) swylt (the/those þá) swyltas Accusative (the/that þone) swylt (the/those þá) swyltas Genitive (the/that þæs) swyltes (the/those þára) swylta Dative (the/that þæm) swylte (the/those þæm) swyltum
62
To take away, deform, plunder, destroy, ransack, waste, consume, devour
forniman
63
brave? troop? noun? a host of men?
secgróf
64
rampart entrenchment
wígsteall Strong Neuter Noun Nominative (the/that þæt) wígsteall (the/those þá) wígsteall Accusative (the/that þæt) wígsteall (the/those þá) wígsteall Genitive (the/that þæs) wígstealles (the/those þára) wígstealla Dative (the/that þæm) wígstealle (the/those þæm) wígsteallum
65
1. foundation ; establishment 2. fixed position 3. heavenly firmament
se staþol Noun strong a-stem Nominative (the/that se) staþol (the/those þá) staþolas Accusative (the/that þone) staþol (the/those þá) staþolas Genitive (the/that þæs) staþoles (the/those þára) staþola Dative (the/that þæm) staþole (the/those þæm) staþolum
66
1. a position ; especially one that is standing; position of affairs ; state ; condition ; standing 2. place ; stead 3. a place for cattle ; stall ; stable 4. fishing ground ; place to catch fish
se steall Noun strong a-stem Nominative (the/that se) steall (the/those þá) steallas Accusative (the/that þone) steall (the/those þá) steallas Genitive (the/that þæs) stealles (the/those þára) stealla Dative (the/that þæm) stealle (the/those þæm) steallum
67
city place
se burgsteal
68
restorer, one who repairs
se bétend Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) bétend (the/those þá) bétend Accusative (the/that þone) bétend (the/those þá) bétend Genitive (the/that þæs) bétendes (the/those þára) bétenda Dative (the/that þæm) bétende (the/those þæm) bétendum
69
army
se here Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) here (the/those þá) hergas Accusative (the/that þone) here (the/those þá) hergas Genitive (the/that þæs) herges (the/those þára) herga Dative (the/that þæm) herge (the/those þæm) hergum
70
the surface of the earth; the ground
seo hruse Noun weak Nominative (the/that seo) hruse (the/those þá) hrusan Accusative (the/that þa) hrusan (the/those þá) hrusan Genitive (the/that þære) hrusan (the/those þára) hrusena Dative (the/that þære) hrusan (the/those þæm) hrusum
71
1. court ; hall 2. house ; building
þæt hof Noun strong a-stem Nominative (the/that þæt) hof (the/those þá) hofu Accusative (the/that þæt) hof (the/those þá) hofu Genitive (the/that þæs) hofes (the/those þára) hofa Dative (the/that þæm) hofe (the/those þæm) hofum
72
a pigment, material used for colouring, red
þæt teafor Nominative (the/that þæt) téafor (the/those þá) téafor Accusative (the/that þæt) téafor (the/those þá) téafor Genitive (the/that þæs) téafores (the/those þára) téafora Dative (the/that þæm) téafore (the/those þæm) téaforum
73
crooked, bent, curved; not straightforward, deceitful, crafty, cunning, shrewd
seo geap Nominative (the/that séo) geáp (the/those þá) geápa Accusative (the/that þá) geápe (the/those þá) geápa Genitive (the/that þære) geápe (the/those þára) geápa Dative (the/that þære) geápe (the/those þæm) geápum
74
1. to separate ; divide ; make a line of separation between 2. to separate ; divide ; part 3. to distinguish ; decide 4. to shed
sceadan Verb strong class 7 Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense Indicative Sg. 1 ic i sċeāde ic i sċēd|sċēad 2 þu you sċēatst þu you sċēde|sċēade 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she sċēatt|sċēat he/hit/heo he/it/she sċēd|sċēad Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they sċeādaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they sċēdon|sċēadon Subjunctive Sg. sċeāde sċēde|sċēade Pl. sċeāden sċēden|sċēaden Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) sċeādende sċeāden Imperative (direct command) Sg. sċeād Pl. sċeādaþ Inflected Infinitive to sċeādenne
75
A wooden framework, roost
hrost Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) hrost (the/those þá) hrostas Accusative (the/that þone) hrost (the/those þá) hrostas Genitive (the/that þæs) hrostes (the/those þára) hrosta Dative (the/that þæm) hroste (the/those þæm) hrostum
76
woodwork (of a roof), circular roof
hróstbéag Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) hróstbéag (the/those þá) hróstbéagas Accusative (the/that þone) hróstbéag (the/those þá) hróstbéagas Genitive (the/that þæs) hróstbéages (the/those þára) hróstbéaga Dative (the/that þæm) hróstbéage (the/those þæm) hróstbéagum
77
Fall, downfall, ruin, destruction, perdition, decay, decline, death
se hryre Noun strong ja-stem Nominative (the/that se) hryre (the/those þá) hryras Accusative (the/that þone) hryre (the/those þá) hryras Genitive (the/that þæs) hryres (the/those þára) hryra Dative (the/that þæm) hryre (the/those þæm) hryrum
78
man ; warrior
se beorn Noun strong a-stem Nominative (the/that se) beorn (the/those þá) beornas Accusative (the/that þone) beorn (the/those þá) beornas Genitive (the/that þæs) beornes (the/those þára) beorna Dative (the/that þæm) beorne (the/those þæm) beornum
79
Formerly, of old, before
geo (iu?)
80
splendor
seo gleomu Strong Feminine Noun Nominative (the/that séo) gleomu (the/those þá) gleoma Accusative (the/that þá) gleome (the/those þá) gleoma Genitive (the/that þære) gleome (the/those þára) gleoma Dative (the/that þære) gleome (the/those þæm) gleomum
81
proud ; boastful
wlanc
82
war-gear accoutrements
wíghyrst Strong Feminine Noun Nominative (the/that séo) wíghyrst (the/those þá) wíghyrsta Accusative (the/that þá) wíghyrste (the/those þá) wíghyrsta Genitive (the/that þære) wíghyrste (the/those þára) wíghyrsta Dative (the/that þære) wíghyrste (the/those þæm) wíghyrstum
83
A curious gem, precious stone
se searugimm Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) searugimm (the/those þá) searugimmas Accusative (the/that þone) searugimm (the/those þá) searugimmas Genitive (the/that þæs) searugimmes (the/those þára) searugimma Dative (the/that þæm) searugimme (the/those þæm) searugimmum
84
1. to throw 2. to cast (into a form or shape) 3. to cast or drive out ; eject
weorpan Verb strong class 3 Sg. 1 ic i weorpe ic i wearp 2 þu you wierpst þu you wurpe 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she wierpþ he/hit/heo he/it/she wearp Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they weorpaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they wurpon Subjunctive Sg. weorpe wurpe Pl. weorpen wurpen Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) weorpende worpen Imperative (direct command) Sg. weorp Pl. weorpaþ Inflected Infinitive to weorpenne
85
A spring fountain source
æ-wylm Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) æwylm (the/those þá) æwylmas Accusative (the/that þone) æwylm (the/those þá) æwylmas Genitive (the/that þæs) æwylmes (the/those þára) æwylma Dative (the/that þæm) æwylme (the/those þæm) æwylmum
86
1. to comprehend ; grasp; begrip ; take hold of ; catch 2. to surround ; encompass; beset ; encircle ; enwrap ; clothe ; receive ; conceive ; inhold
befon Verb strong class 7 Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense Indicative Sg. 1 ic i befō ic i befēng 2 þu you befēhst þu you befēnge 3 he/hit/heo he/it/she befēhþ he/hit/heo he/it/she befēng Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they befōþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they befēngon Subjunctive Sg. befō befēnge Pl. befōn befēngen Participles present participle (...ing) / past participle (...ed) befōnde befangen Imperative (direct command) Sg. befōh Pl. befōþ Inflected Infinitive to befōnne
87
bosom breast womb surface ship’s hold
bósm Strong Masculine Noun Nominative (the/that se) bósm (the/those þá) bósmas Accusative (the/that þone) bósm (the/those þá) bósmas Genitive (the/that þæs) bósmes (the/those þára) bósma Dative (the/that þæm) bósme (the/those þæm) bósmum
88
1. bath 2. baptismal font
þæt bæþ Noun strong a-stem Nominative (the/that þæt) bæþ (the/those þá) baþu Accusative (the/that þæt) bæþ (the/those þá) baþu Genitive (the/that þæs) bæþes (the/those þára) baþa Dative (the/that þæm) bæþe (the/those þæm) baþum
89
1. (anatomy) chest; bosom; torso 2. (figuratively) heart; mind; thought
Se hreþer Noun strong a-stem Nominative (the/that se) hreþer (the/those þá) hreþras Accusative (the/that þone) hreþer (the/those þá) hreþras Genitive (the/that þæs) hreþres (the/those þára) hreþra Dative (the/that þæm) hreþre (the/those þæm) hreþrum
90
Convenient advantageous
hyðelíc
91
1. grey 2. grey-haired ; old and grey ; venerable
har
92
A bubbling or running water, brook, stream, river
se/seo burn Nominative (the/that séo) burn (the/those þá) burna Accusative (the/that þá) burne (the/those þá) burna Genitive (the/that þære) burne (the/those þára) burna Dative (the/that þære) burne (the/those þæm) burnum As a prefix or termination to the names of places, burn or burne denotes that they were near a stream; as, Burnham, Burnley, Bornemouth, Radburne, Swanburne, Sherborne.
93
A hall, house, dwelling
se sele Nominative (the/that se) sele (the/those þá) selas Accusative (the/that þone) sele (the/those þá) selas Genitive (the/that þæs) seles (the/those þára) sela Dative (the/that þæm) sele (the/those þæm) selum
94
1. a shower tempest storm of rain snow hail etc. 1a. 2 metaphorically a shower of blows 1b. 2 a shower of blows of a hammer falling on a weapon? 2. 2 metaphorically a storm trouble disquiet commotion breeze
se scur Nominative (the/that se) scúr (the/those þá) scúras Accusative (the/that þone) scúr (the/those þá) scúras Genitive (the/that þæs) scúres (the/those þára) scúra Dative (the/that þæm) scúre (the/those þæm) scúrum

Old English (42 decks)

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