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Old English > The ruin > Flashcards

The ruin Flashcards

1
Q

To break, bruise, crush, destroy, shatter, waste

A

gebrecan

Sg. 1 ic i ġebrece ic i ġebræc
2 þu you ġebricst þu you ġebrǣce
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she ġebricþ he/hit/heo he/it/she ġebræc
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġebrecaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġebrǣcon

Subjunctive
Sg. ġebrece ġebrǣce
Pl. ġebrecen ġebrǣcen

Pres. part: ġebrecende
Past part: ġebrocen

Imperative (direct command)
Sg. ġebrec
Pl.

ġebrecaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to ġebrecenne

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2
Q

city

A

se burg-stede

Nominative (the/that se) burgstede (the/those þá) burgstedeas
Accusative (the/that þone) burgstede (the/those þá) burgstedeas
Genitive (the/that þæs) burgstedes (the/those þára) burgsteda
Dative (the/that þæm) burgstede (the/those þæm) burgstedum

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3
Q

to burst ⬩ break ⬩ fail ⬩ fall

A

berstan

Sg. 1 ic i berste ic i bærst
2 þu you birst þu you burste
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she birst he/hit/heo he/it/she bærst
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they berstaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they burston
Subjunctive
Sg. berste burste
Pl. bersten bursten
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
berstende borsten
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. berst
Pl. berstaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to berstenne

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4
Q

To corrupt, decay, rot, perish

A

brosnian

Sg. 1 ic i brosniġe ic i brosnode
2 þu you brosnast þu you brosnodest
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she brosnaþ he/hit/heo he/it/she brosnode
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they brosniaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they brosnodon
Subjunctive
Sg. brosniġe brosnode
Pl. brosniġen brosnoden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
brosniende brosnod

Imperative (direct command)
Sg. brosna
Pl.brosniaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to brosnienne

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5
Q

giant (creature)

A

se ent

Nominative (the/that se) ent (the/those þá) entas
Accusative (the/that þone) ent (the/those þá) entas
Genitive (the/that þæs) entes (the/those þára) enta
Dative (the/that þæm) ente (the/those þæm) entum

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6
Q

work, fort, fortress

A

þæt geweorc

Nominative (the/that þæt) ġeweorc (the/those þá) ġeweorc
Accusative (the/that þæt) ġeweorc (the/those þá) ġeweorc
Genitive (the/that þæs) ġeweorces (the/those þára) ġeweorca
Dative (the/that þæm) ġeweorce (the/those þæm) ġeweorcum

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7
Q

to fall, fall down

A

hreosan

Sg. 1 ic i hríese ic i hréas
2 þu you hríesest þu you hrure
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she hríeseþ he/hit/heo he/it/she hréas
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they hríesaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they hruron
Subjunctive
Sg. hríese hrure
Pl. hríesen hruren
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
hríesende gehroren
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. hríese
Pl. hríesaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to hríesan

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8
Q

ruinous, ruined (adj.)

A

hreorig

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9
Q

tower (from latin)

A

se torr
from Latin turris, a tower; the native word is stípel

Nominative (the/that se) torr (the/those þá) torras
Accusative (the/that þone) torr (the/those þá) torras
Genitive (the/that þæs) torres (the/those þára) torra
Dative (the/that þæm) torre (the/those þæm) torrum

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10
Q

rung, staff, rod, beam, pole;

A

seo hrung

Nominative (the/that séo) hrung (the/those þá) hrunga
Accusative (the/that þá) hrunge (the/those þá) hrunga
Genitive (the/that þære) hrunge (the/those þára) hrunga
Dative (the/that þære) hrunge (the/those þæm) hrungum

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11
Q

gate, door

A

þæt geat

Nominative (the/that þæt) geat (the/those þá) gatu
Accusative (the/that þæt) geat (the/those þá) gatu
Genitive (the/that þæs) geates (the/those þára) gata
Dative (the/that þæm) geate (the/those þæm) gatum

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12
Q

bereave, deprive

A

bereofan

Sg. 1 ic i berēofe ic i berēaf
2 þu you berīefst þu you berufe
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she berīefþ he/hit/heo he/it/she berēaf
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they berēofaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they berufon
Subjunctive
Sg. berēofe berufe
Pl. berēofen berufen
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
berēofende berofen
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. berēof
Pl. berēofaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to berēofenne

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13
Q

frost

A

se hrim

Nominative (the/that se) HRIM (the/those þá) HRIMas
Accusative (the/that þone) HRIM (the/those þá) HRIMas
Genitive (the/that þæs) HRIMes (the/those þára) HRIMa
Dative (the/that þæm) HRIMe (the/those þæm) HRIMum

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14
Q

material which causes adhesion, cement, mortar, glue, gluten, bird lime, thick substance made of curds, paste

A

se lim

Nominative (the/that se) LIM (the/those þá) LIMas
Accusative (the/that þone) LIM (the/those þá) LIMas
Genitive (the/that þæs) LIMes (the/those þára) LIMa
Dative (the/that þæm) LIMe (the/those þæm) LIMum

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15
Q

notched, hacked, having gaps or rifts, gashed, mutilated

A

sceard

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16
Q

A shelter against storm

A

seo scúr-beorg

Nominative (the/that séo) scúrbeorg (the/those þá) scúrbeorga
Accusative (the/that þá) scúrbeorge (the/those þá) scúrbeorga
Genitive (the/that þære) scúrbeorge (the/those þára) scúrbeorga
Dative (the/that þære) scúrbeorge (the/those þæm) scúrbeorgum

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17
Q

to shave, shear

A

scieran

Sg. 1 ic i sċiere ic i sċear
2 þu you sċierest|sċierst þu you sċēare
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she sċiereþ|sċierþ he/hit/heo he/it/she sċear
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they sċieraþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they sċēaron
Subjunctive
Sg. sċiere sċēare
Pl. sċieren sċēaren
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
sċierende sċoren
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. sċier
Pl. sċieraþ
Inflected Infinitive
to sċierenne

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18
Q

to rush fall perish to fall not remain suspended 2. to fall not remain standing (lit. or fig.) fall down fall to pieces 3. to fall not remain alert droop fail sink become weak fail

A

dreosan

Sg. 1 ic i dríese ic i dréas
2 þu you dríesest þu you drure
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she dríeseþ he/hit/heo he/it/she dréas
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they dríesaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they druron
Subjunctive
Sg. dríese drure
Pl. dríesen druren
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
dríesende gedroren
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. dríese
Pl. dríesaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to dríesan

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19
Q

age old age an age century

A

seo ældu
Strong Feminine Noun

Nominative (the/that séo) ældu (the/those þá) ælda
Accusative (the/that þá) ælde (the/those þá) ælda
Genitive (the/that þære) ælde (the/those þára) ælda
Dative (the/that þære) ælde (the/those þæm) ældum

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20
Q

earth’s embrace

A

seo eorðgráp

Nominative (the/that séo) eorðgráp (the/those þá) eorðgrápa
Accusative (the/that þá) eorðgrápe (the/those þá) eorðgrápa
Genitive (the/that þære) eorðgrápe (the/those þára) eorðgrápa
Dative (the/that þære) eorðgrápe (the/those þæm) eorðgrápum

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21
Q

workman, artificer, wright, labourer, one who works at some trade

A

se wyrhta

Nominative (the/that se) wyrhta (the/those þá) wyrhtan
Accusative (the/that þone) wyrhtan (the/those þá) wyrhtan
Genitive (the/that þæs) wyrhtan (the/those þára) wyrhtena
Dative (the/that þæm) wyrhtan (the/those þæm) wyrhtum

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22
Q

decrepit decayed

A

forworen

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23
Q

to pass away ; to depart 2. to pass over or pass through

A

leoran

Sg. 1 ic i lēore ic i lēorde
2 þu you lēorest|lēorst þu you lēordest
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she lēoreþ|lēorþ he/hit/heo he/it/she lēorde
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they lēoraþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they lēordon
Subjunctive
Sg. lēore lēorde
Pl. lēoren lēorden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
lēorende lēored
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. lēor
Pl.

lēoraþ
Inflected Infinitive
to lēorenne

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24
Q

grip, grasp, hold, clutch, seizure

A

se gripe

Nominative (the/that se) gripe (the/those þá) gripas
Accusative (the/that þone) gripe (the/those þá) gripas
Genitive (the/that þæs) gripes (the/those þára) gripa
Dative (the/that þæm) gripe (the/those þæm) gripum

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25
Q

earth soil ground

A

seo hrúse

Nominative (the/that séo) hrúse (the/those þá) hrúsan
Accusative (the/that þá) hrúsan (the/those þá) hrúsan
Genitive (the/that þære) hrúsan (the/those þára) hrúsena
Dative (the/that þære) hrúsan (the/those þæm) hrúsum

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26
Q

knee, generations

A

þæt cneo

Nominative (the/that þæt) cnēo (the/those þá) cnēo
Accusative (the/that þæt) cnēo (the/those þá) cnēo
Genitive (the/that þæs) cneowes (the/those þára) cneowa
Dative (the/that þæm) cneowe (the/those þæm) cnēom

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27
Q

wall, mostly of a building

A

se wag

Nominative (the/that se) wāg (the/those þá) wāgas
Accusative (the/that þone) wāg (the/those þá) wāgas
Genitive (the/that þæs) wāges (the/those þára) wāga
Dative (the/that þæm) wāge (the/those þæm) wāgum

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28
Q

to stay continue live remain delay

A

gebidan

Sg. 1 ic i gebídee ic i gebád
2 þu you gebídeest þu you gebide
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she gebídeeþ he/hit/heo he/it/she gebád
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they gebídeaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they gebidon
Subjunctive
Sg. gebídee gebide
Pl. gebídeen gebiden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
gebídeende gebiden
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. gebídee
Pl.

gebídeaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to gebídean

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29
Q

grey (with lichen)

A

ræghár

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30
Q

lichen

A

seo ragu

Nominative (the/that se) ragu (the/those þá) raga|rage
Accusative (the/that þone) rage (the/those þá) raga|rage
Genitive (the/that þæs) rage (the/those þára) raga
Dative (the/that þæm) rage (the/those þæm) ragum

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31
Q

Red-stained having patches of red colour

A

reádfáh

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32
Q

lofty, high, towering, of buildings, hills, etc.

A

steap

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33
Q

Open, spread out, extended, broad, roomy, spacious, wide

A

geap

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34
Q

to heap up collect bring together accumulate

A

héapian
Verb Weak wv/t2

Sg. 1 ic i héape ic i héapede
2 þu you héapest þu you héapedest
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she héapaþ he/hit/heo he/it/she héapede
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they héapaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they héapedon
Subjunctive
Sg. héape héapede
Pl. héapen héapeden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
héapende gehéaped
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. héape
Pl. héapaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to héapan

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35
Q

skin, hide

A

þæt fell

Nominative (the/that þæt) fell (the/those þá) fell
Accusative (the/that þæt) fell (the/those þá) fell
Genitive (the/that þæs) felles (the/those þára) fella
Dative (the/that þæm) felle (the/those þæm) fellum

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36
Q

fierce ; savage ; terrible ; cruel ; angry

A

grimm

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37
Q
  1. to destroy by crushing 2. to grind
A

grindan
Verb strong class 3

Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense
Indicative
Sg. 1 ic i grinde ic i grand
2 þu you grinst|grintst þu you grunde
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she grint he/hit/heo he/it/she grand
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they grindaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they grundon
Subjunctive
Sg. grinde grunde
Pl. grinden grunden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
grindende grunden
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. grind
Pl. grindaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to grindenne

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38
Q

genius, wit, understanding, skillful contrivance or work

A

se or-þanc

Nominative (the/that se) orþanc (the/those þá) orþancas
Accusative (the/that þone) orþanc (the/those þá) orþancas
Genitive (the/that þæs) orþances (the/those þára) orþanca
Dative (the/that þæm) orþance (the/those þæm) orþancum

39
Q

ancient building an old creation ancient work

A

seo ærsceaft
Strong Feminine Noun

ærsceaft Singular Plural
Nominative (the/that séo) ærsceaft (the/those þá) ærsceafta
Accusative (the/that þá) ærsceafte (the/those þá) ærsceafta
Genitive (the/that þære) ærsceafte (the/those þára) ærsceafta
Dative (the/that þære) ærsceafte (the/those þæm) ærsceaftum

40
Q

clay, mud, mire, earth

A

þæt lam

Nominative (the/that þæt) lám (the/those þá) lám
Accusative (the/that þæt) lám (the/those þá) lám
Genitive (the/that þæs) lámes (the/those þára) láma
Dative (the/that þæm) láme (the/those þæm) lámum

41
Q

bark, crust, rind

A

seo rind
Noun strong ō-stem

Nominative (the/that se) rind (the/those þá) rinda|rinde
Accusative (the/that þone) rinde (the/those þá) rinda|rinde
Genitive (the/that þæs) rinde (the/those þára) rinda
Dative (the/that þæm) rinde (the/those þæm) rindum

42
Q

ring (as ornament or as money) coil bracelet collar crown garland treasured things a treasured thing (sword)

A

béag
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) béag (the/those þá) béagas
Accusative (the/that þone) béag (the/those þá) béagas
Genitive (the/that þæs) béages (the/those þára) béaga
Dative (the/that þæm) béage (the/those þæm) béagum

43
Q

to scheme feign pretend draw breath take breath breathe inspire to weave plait to draw unsheathe brandish

A

gebregdan
Verb Strong sv/t3

Sg. 1 ic i breġde ic i bræġd|brǣd
2 þu you breġdest þu you brugde
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she breġdeþ he/hit/heo he/it/she bræġd|brǣd
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they breġdaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they brugdon
Subjunctive
Sg. breġde brugde
Pl. breġden brugden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
breġdende brogden
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. breġd
Pl. breġdaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to breġdenne

44
Q

deceit fraud

A

gebrægd
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) gebrægd (the/those þá) gebrægdas
Accusative (the/that þone) gebrægd (the/those þá) gebrægdas
Genitive (the/that þæs) gebrægdes (the/those þára) gebrægda
Dative (the/that þæm) gebrægde (the/those þæm) gebrægdum

45
Q

firm determined

A

hwætréd

46
Q

strong-minded ; magnanimous

A

hygerof

47
Q

to bind ; tie up ; fasten ; fetter ; restrain

A

gebindan Verb strong class 3

Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense
Indicative
Sg. 1 ic i ġebinde ic i ġeband
2 þu you ġebinst|ġebintst þu you ġebunde
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she ġebint he/hit/heo he/it/she ġeband
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġebindaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġebundon
Subjunctive
Sg. ġebinde ġebunde
Pl. ġebinden ġebunden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
ġebindende ġebunden
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. ġebind
Pl. ġebindaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to ġebindenne

48
Q

a house foundation (?)

A

se weall-wala

Nominative (the/that se) weallwala (the/those þá) weallwalan
Accusative (the/that þone) weallwalan (the/those þá) weallwalan
Genitive (the/that þæs) weallwalan (the/those þára) weallwalena
Dative (the/that þæm) weallwalan (the/those þæm) weallwalum

49
Q

Wire, metal thread; often used apparently in ornamental work, so, an ornament made of wire.

A

se wir

Nominative (the/that se) wir (the/those þá) wiras
Accusative (the/that þone) wir (the/those þá) wiras
Genitive (the/that þæs) wires (the/those þára) wira
Dative (the/that þæm) wire (the/those þæm) wirum

50
Q

A city-dwelling, house surrounded by a wall or rampart of earth

A

þæt burgræċed

Nominative (the/that þæt ) burgræċed (the/those þá) burgræċedas
Accusative (the/that þæt) burgræċed (the/those þá) burgræċedas
Genitive (the/that þæs) burgræċedes (the/those þára) burgræċeda
Dative (the/that þæm) burgræċede (the/those þæm) burgræċedum

51
Q

bath house

A

se burnsele
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) burnsele (the/those þá) burnseleas
Accusative (the/that þone) burnsele (the/those þá) burnseleas
Genitive (the/that þæs) burnseles (the/those þára) burnsela
Dative (the/that þæm) burnsele (the/those þæm) burnselum

52
Q

Gain, product, emolument, wealth, riches, treasure, usury, business

A

þæt ge-streón

53
Q

wealth of pinnacles (on a house)?

A

þæt horngestréon

Nominative (the/that þæt) horngestréon (the/those þá) horngestréon
Accusative (the/that þæt) horngestréon (the/those þá) horngestréon
Genitive (the/that þæs) horngestréones (the/those þára) horngestréona
Dative (the/that þæm) horngestréone (the/those þæm) horngestréonum

54
Q

A HORN, a drinking-horn, a cupping-horn, a trumpet, the horn-shaped projection on the gable-end of a house

A

se / þæt horn

Nominative (the/that se) HORN (the/those þá) HORNas
Accusative (the/that þone) HORN (the/those þá) HORNas
Genitive (the/that þæs) HORNes (the/those þára) HORNa
Dative (the/that þæm) HORNe (the/those þæm) HORNum

55
Q

martial sound

A

hereswég
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) hereswég (the/those þá) hereswégas
Accusative (the/that þone) hereswég (the/those þá) hereswégas
Genitive (the/that þæs) hereswéges (the/those þára) hereswéga
Dative (the/that þæm) hereswége (the/those þæm) hereswégum

56
Q
  1. to change 2. to overturn ; turn aside 3. to reverse ; pervert
A

onwendan
Verb weak class 1

Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense
Indicative
Sg. 1 ic i onwende ic i onwende
2 þu you onwendest|onwenst|onwentst þu you onwendest
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she onwendeþ|onwent he/hit/heo he/it/she onwende
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they onwendaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they onwendon
Subjunctive
Sg. onwende onwende
Pl. onwenden onwenden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
onwendende onwended
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. onwend
Pl.onwendaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to onwendenne

57
Q
  1. to fall ; yield 2. to fall or die in battle
A

cringan
Verb strong class 3

Sg. 1 ic i cringe ic i crang
2 þu you cringst þu you crunge
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she cringþ he/hit/heo he/it/she crang
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they cringaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they crungon
Subjunctive
Sg. cringe crunge
Pl. cringen crungen
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
cringende crungen
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. cring
Pl. cringaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to cringenne

58
Q
  1. slaughter ; carnage 2. the slain 3. (rare) a slain person ; corpse
A

þæt wæl
Noun strong a-stem

Nominative (the/that þæt) wæl (the/those þá) walu
Accusative (the/that þæt) wæl (the/those þá) walu
Genitive (the/that þæs) wæles (the/those þára) wala
Dative (the/that þæm) wæle (the/those þæm) walum

59
Q

to come

A

cuman Verb strong class 4

Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense
Indicative
Sg. 1 ic i cume ic i cōm|cwōm
2 þu you cymest|cymst þu you cōme|cwōme
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she cymeþ|cymþ he/hit/heo he/it/she cōm|cwōm
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they cumaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they cōmon|cwōmon
Subjunctive
Sg. cume cōme|cwōme
Pl. cumen cōmen|cwōmen
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
cumende cumen|cymen
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. cum
Pl.cumaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to cumenne

60
Q

a day of pestilence or death

A

se woldæg
Noun strong a-stem

Nominative (the/that se) wōldæġ (the/those þá) wōldagas
Accusative (the/that þone) wōldæġ (the/those þá) wōldagas
Genitive (the/that þæs) wōldæġes (the/those þára) wōldaga
Dative (the/that þæm) wōldæġe (the/those þæm) wōldagum

61
Q

death destruction

A

se swylt
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) swylt (the/those þá) swyltas
Accusative (the/that þone) swylt (the/those þá) swyltas
Genitive (the/that þæs) swyltes (the/those þára) swylta
Dative (the/that þæm) swylte (the/those þæm) swyltum

62
Q

To take away, deform, plunder, destroy, ransack, waste, consume, devour

A

forniman

63
Q

brave? troop? noun? a host of men?

A

secgróf

64
Q

rampart entrenchment

A

wígsteall
Strong Neuter Noun

Nominative (the/that þæt) wígsteall (the/those þá) wígsteall
Accusative (the/that þæt) wígsteall (the/those þá) wígsteall
Genitive (the/that þæs) wígstealles (the/those þára) wígstealla
Dative (the/that þæm) wígstealle (the/those þæm) wígsteallum

65
Q
  1. foundation ; establishment 2. fixed position 3. heavenly firmament
A

se staþol
Noun strong a-stem

Nominative (the/that se) staþol (the/those þá) staþolas
Accusative (the/that þone) staþol (the/those þá) staþolas
Genitive (the/that þæs) staþoles (the/those þára) staþola
Dative (the/that þæm) staþole (the/those þæm) staþolum

66
Q
  1. a position ; especially one that is standing; position of affairs ; state ; condition ; standing 2. place ; stead 3. a place for cattle ; stall ; stable 4. fishing ground ; place to catch fish
A

se steall
Noun strong a-stem

Nominative (the/that se) steall (the/those þá) steallas
Accusative (the/that þone) steall (the/those þá) steallas
Genitive (the/that þæs) stealles (the/those þára) stealla
Dative (the/that þæm) stealle (the/those þæm) steallum

67
Q

city place

A

se burgsteal

68
Q

restorer, one who repairs

A

se bétend
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) bétend (the/those þá) bétend
Accusative (the/that þone) bétend (the/those þá) bétend
Genitive (the/that þæs) bétendes (the/those þára) bétenda
Dative (the/that þæm) bétende (the/those þæm) bétendum

69
Q

army

A

se here
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) here (the/those þá) hergas
Accusative (the/that þone) here (the/those þá) hergas
Genitive (the/that þæs) herges (the/those þára) herga
Dative (the/that þæm) herge (the/those þæm) hergum

70
Q

the surface of the earth; the ground

A

seo hruse
Noun weak

Nominative (the/that seo) hruse (the/those þá) hrusan
Accusative (the/that þa) hrusan (the/those þá) hrusan
Genitive (the/that þære) hrusan (the/those þára) hrusena
Dative (the/that þære) hrusan (the/those þæm) hrusum

71
Q
  1. court ; hall 2. house ; building
A

þæt hof
Noun strong a-stem

Nominative (the/that þæt) hof (the/those þá) hofu
Accusative (the/that þæt) hof (the/those þá) hofu
Genitive (the/that þæs) hofes (the/those þára) hofa
Dative (the/that þæm) hofe (the/those þæm) hofum

72
Q

a pigment, material used for colouring, red

A

þæt teafor

Nominative (the/that þæt) téafor (the/those þá) téafor
Accusative (the/that þæt) téafor (the/those þá) téafor
Genitive (the/that þæs) téafores (the/those þára) téafora
Dative (the/that þæm) téafore (the/those þæm) téaforum

73
Q

crooked, bent, curved; not straightforward, deceitful, crafty, cunning, shrewd

A

seo geap

Nominative (the/that séo) geáp (the/those þá) geápa
Accusative (the/that þá) geápe (the/those þá) geápa
Genitive (the/that þære) geápe (the/those þára) geápa
Dative (the/that þære) geápe (the/those þæm) geápum

74
Q
  1. to separate ; divide ; make a line of separation between 2. to separate ; divide ; part 3. to distinguish ; decide 4. to shed
A

sceadan
Verb strong class 7

Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense
Indicative
Sg. 1 ic i sċeāde ic i sċēd|sċēad
2 þu you sċēatst þu you sċēde|sċēade
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she sċēatt|sċēat he/hit/heo he/it/she sċēd|sċēad
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they sċeādaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they sċēdon|sċēadon
Subjunctive
Sg. sċeāde sċēde|sċēade
Pl. sċeāden sċēden|sċēaden
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
sċeādende sċeāden
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. sċeād
Pl. sċeādaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to sċeādenne

75
Q

A wooden framework, roost

A

hrost
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) hrost (the/those þá) hrostas
Accusative (the/that þone) hrost (the/those þá) hrostas
Genitive (the/that þæs) hrostes (the/those þára) hrosta
Dative (the/that þæm) hroste (the/those þæm) hrostum

76
Q

woodwork (of a roof), circular roof

A

hróstbéag
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) hróstbéag (the/those þá) hróstbéagas
Accusative (the/that þone) hróstbéag (the/those þá) hróstbéagas
Genitive (the/that þæs) hróstbéages (the/those þára) hróstbéaga
Dative (the/that þæm) hróstbéage (the/those þæm) hróstbéagum

77
Q

Fall, downfall, ruin, destruction, perdition, decay, decline, death

A

se hryre
Noun strong ja-stem

Nominative (the/that se) hryre (the/those þá) hryras
Accusative (the/that þone) hryre (the/those þá) hryras
Genitive (the/that þæs) hryres (the/those þára) hryra
Dative (the/that þæm) hryre (the/those þæm) hryrum

78
Q

man ; warrior

A

se beorn
Noun strong a-stem

Nominative (the/that se) beorn (the/those þá) beornas
Accusative (the/that þone) beorn (the/those þá) beornas
Genitive (the/that þæs) beornes (the/those þára) beorna
Dative (the/that þæm) beorne (the/those þæm) beornum

79
Q

Formerly, of old, before

A

geo (iu?)

80
Q

splendor

A

seo gleomu
Strong Feminine Noun

Nominative (the/that séo) gleomu (the/those þá) gleoma
Accusative (the/that þá) gleome (the/those þá) gleoma
Genitive (the/that þære) gleome (the/those þára) gleoma
Dative (the/that þære) gleome (the/those þæm) gleomum

81
Q

proud ; boastful

A

wlanc

82
Q

war-gear accoutrements

A

wíghyrst
Strong Feminine Noun

Nominative (the/that séo) wíghyrst (the/those þá) wíghyrsta
Accusative (the/that þá) wíghyrste (the/those þá) wíghyrsta
Genitive (the/that þære) wíghyrste (the/those þára) wíghyrsta
Dative (the/that þære) wíghyrste (the/those þæm) wíghyrstum

83
Q

A curious gem, precious stone

A

se searugimm
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) searugimm (the/those þá) searugimmas
Accusative (the/that þone) searugimm (the/those þá) searugimmas
Genitive (the/that þæs) searugimmes (the/those þára) searugimma
Dative (the/that þæm) searugimme (the/those þæm) searugimmum

84
Q
  1. to throw 2. to cast (into a form or shape) 3. to cast or drive out ; eject
A

weorpan
Verb strong class 3

Sg. 1 ic i weorpe ic i wearp
2 þu you wierpst þu you wurpe
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she wierpþ he/hit/heo he/it/she wearp
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they weorpaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they wurpon
Subjunctive
Sg. weorpe wurpe
Pl. weorpen wurpen
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
weorpende worpen
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. weorp
Pl. weorpaþ
Inflected Infinitive
to weorpenne

85
Q

A spring fountain source

A

æ-wylm
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) æwylm (the/those þá) æwylmas
Accusative (the/that þone) æwylm (the/those þá) æwylmas
Genitive (the/that þæs) æwylmes (the/those þára) æwylma
Dative (the/that þæm) æwylme (the/those þæm) æwylmum

86
Q
  1. to comprehend ; grasp; begrip ; take hold of ; catch 2. to surround ; encompass; beset ; encircle ; enwrap ; clothe ; receive ; conceive ; inhold
A

befon
Verb strong class 7

Verb Present Tense Preterite Tense
Indicative
Sg. 1 ic i befō ic i befēng
2 þu you befēhst þu you befēnge
3 he/hit/heo he/it/she befēhþ he/hit/heo he/it/she befēng
Pl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they befōþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they befēngon
Subjunctive
Sg. befō befēnge
Pl. befōn befēngen
Participles present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed)
befōnde befangen
Imperative (direct command)
Sg. befōh
Pl. befōþ
Inflected Infinitive
to befōnne

87
Q

bosom breast womb surface ship’s hold

A

bósm
Strong Masculine Noun

Nominative (the/that se) bósm (the/those þá) bósmas
Accusative (the/that þone) bósm (the/those þá) bósmas
Genitive (the/that þæs) bósmes (the/those þára) bósma
Dative (the/that þæm) bósme (the/those þæm) bósmum

88
Q
  1. bath 2. baptismal font
A

þæt bæþ
Noun strong a-stem

Nominative (the/that þæt) bæþ (the/those þá) baþu
Accusative (the/that þæt) bæþ (the/those þá) baþu
Genitive (the/that þæs) bæþes (the/those þára) baþa
Dative (the/that þæm) bæþe (the/those þæm) baþum

89
Q
  1. (anatomy) chest; bosom; torso 2. (figuratively) heart; mind; thought
A

Se hreþer
Noun strong a-stem

Nominative (the/that se) hreþer (the/those þá) hreþras
Accusative (the/that þone) hreþer (the/those þá) hreþras
Genitive (the/that þæs) hreþres (the/those þára) hreþra
Dative (the/that þæm) hreþre (the/those þæm) hreþrum

90
Q

Convenient advantageous

A

hyðelíc

91
Q
  1. grey 2. grey-haired ; old and grey ; venerable
A

har

92
Q

A bubbling or running water, brook, stream, river

A

se/seo burn

Nominative (the/that séo) burn (the/those þá) burna
Accusative (the/that þá) burne (the/those þá) burna
Genitive (the/that þære) burne (the/those þára) burna
Dative (the/that þære) burne (the/those þæm) burnum

As a prefix or termination to the names of places, burn or burne denotes that they were near a stream; as, Burnham, Burnley, Bornemouth, Radburne, Swanburne, Sherborne.

93
Q

A hall, house, dwelling

A

se sele

Nominative (the/that se) sele (the/those þá) selas
Accusative (the/that þone) sele (the/those þá) selas
Genitive (the/that þæs) seles (the/those þára) sela
Dative (the/that þæm) sele (the/those þæm) selum

94
Q
  1. a shower tempest storm of rain snow hail etc. 1a. 2 metaphorically a shower of blows 1b. 2 a shower of blows of a hammer falling on a weapon? 2. 2 metaphorically a storm trouble disquiet commotion breeze
A

se scur

Nominative (the/that se) scúr (the/those þá) scúras
Accusative (the/that þone) scúr (the/those þá) scúras
Genitive (the/that þæs) scúres (the/those þára) scúra
Dative (the/that þæm) scúre (the/those þæm) scúrum

Old English (42 decks)

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