Beowulf 2 Flashcards
- space of time time while period season 2. having reference to the condition of things at any time time as in good bad hard etc. times evil times occasion paroxysm ~e for a time some time long time ~um at times sometimes ealle ~e all the time continually sume ~e at times
þrág Strong Feminine Nounþrág Singular PluralNominative (the/that séo) þrág (the/those þá) þrágaAccusative (the/that þá) þráge (the/those þá) þrágaGenitive (the/that þære) þráge (the/those þára) þrágaDative (the/that þære) þráge (the/those þæm) þrágum
an inquiring ; a knowing ; knowledge ; information ; hearsay
gefræge Noun strong ja-stemgefræge Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) ġefrǣġe (the/those þá) ġefrǣġuAccusative (the/that þone) ġefrǣġe (the/those þá) ġefrǣġuGenitive (the/that þæs) ġefrǣġes (the/those þára) ġefrǣġaDative (the/that þæm) ġefrǣġe (the/those þæm) ġefrǣġum
elsewhere
ellor Adverb
- to turn ; change 2. to depart ; go ; proceed 3. to travel ; roam ; go about ; wander ; move about 4. to return
hweorfan Verb strong class 3Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i hweorfe ic i hwearf2 þu you hwierfst þu you hwurfe3 he/hit/heo he/it/she hwierfþ he/hit/heo he/it/she hwearfPl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they hweorfaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they hwurfonSubjunctiveSg. hweorfe hwurfePl. hweorfen hwurfenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) hweorfende hworfenImperative (direct command)Sg. hweorfPl.hweorfaþInflected Infinitiveto hweorfenne
until
oþþæt
old ; ancient
gamol adjective
War battle fight bellum
GÚÞ Strong Feminine NounGÚÞ Singular PluralNominative (the/that séo) GÚÞ (the/those þá) GÚÞaAccusative (the/that þá) GÚÞe (the/those þá) GÚÞaGenitive (the/that þære) GÚÞe (the/those þára) GÚÞaDative (the/that þære) GÚÞe (the/those þæm) GÚÞum
Fierce cruel
reów adjective
Gladness joy
glæd Strong Neuter Nounglæd Singular PluralNominative (the/that þæt) glæd (the/those þá) glædAccusative (the/that þæt) glæd (the/those þá) glædGenitive (the/that þæs) glædes (the/those þára) glædaDative (the/that þæm) glæde (the/those þæm) glædum
- counsellor 2. leader ; chief ; king
ræswa Noun weakræswa Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) rǣswa (the/those þá) rǣswanAccusative (the/that þone) rǣswan (the/those þá) rǣswanGenitive (the/that þæs) rǣswan (the/those þára) rǣswenaDative (the/that þæm) rǣswan (the/those þæm) rǣswum
bedfellow ; consort ; wife
gebedda Noun weakgebedda Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) ġebedda (the/those þá) ġebeddanAccusative (the/that þone) ġebeddan (the/those þá) ġebeddanGenitive (the/that þæs) ġebeddan (the/those þára) ġebeddenaDative (the/that þæm) ġebeddan (the/those þæm) ġebeddum
good (morally good; competent; useful ; etc )
til adjective
luck success prosperity prosperous issue on ~e successfully to purpose with effect fluently skillfully 2. means substance abundance wealth ~um richly abundantly 3. power faculty 4. opportunity or means of doing anything 5. speed quickness ~um speedily quickly 6. progeny?
spéd Strong Feminine Nounspéd Singular PluralNominative (the/that séo) spéd (the/those þá) spédeAccusative (the/that þá) spéde (the/those þá) spédeGenitive (the/that þære) spéde (the/those þára) spédeDative (the/that þære) spéde (the/those þæm) spédum
a relative
mæg Noun strong a-stemmæg Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) mǣġ (the/those þá) māgasAccusative (the/that þone) mǣġ (the/those þá) māgasGenitive (the/that þæs) mǣġes (the/those þára) māgaDative (the/that þæm) mǣġe (the/those þæm) māgum
eager
georn adjective
- (with dative) to obey 2. (with dative) to listen with compliance or assent 3. (with tō ; intō) to belong to 4. to hear
hieran Verb weak class 1Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i hīere ic i hīerde2 þu you hīerest|hīerst þu you hīerdest3 he/hit/heo he/it/she hīereþ|hīerþ he/hit/heo he/it/she hīerdePl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they hīeraþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they hīerdonSubjunctiveSg. hīere hīerdePl. hīeren hīerdenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) hīerende hīeredImperative (direct command)Sg. hīerPl.hīeraþInflected Infinitiveto hīerenne
A multitude of people; an army; host; company; band of retainers
driht Strong Feminine Noundriht Singular PluralNominative (the/that séo) driht (the/those þá) drihtaAccusative (the/that þá) drihte (the/those þá) drihtaGenitive (the/that þære) drihte (the/those þára) drihtaDative (the/that þære) drihte (the/those þæm) drihtum
male kinsman son descendant young man servant man warrior
magu u-stem Masculine Nounmagu Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) magu (the/those þá) magaAccusative (the/that þone) mague (the/those þá) magaGenitive (the/that þæs) maga (the/those þára) magaDative (the/that þæm) maga (the/those þæm) magum
- to run into/by 2. to happen or occur 3. to come into one’s mind
beirnan Verb strong class 3Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i beirne ic i bearn|beorn|beearn2 þu you beirnst þu you beurne3 he/hit/heo he/it/she beirnþ he/hit/heo he/it/she bearn|beorn|beearnPl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they beirnaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they beurnonSubjunctiveSg. beirne beurnePl. beirnen beurnenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) beirnende beurnenImperative (direct command)Sg. beirnPl.beirnaþInflected Infinitiveto beirnenne
hall; house ; building
reced Noun strong-a-stemreced Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) reċed (the/those þá) reċedAccusative (the/that þone) reċed (the/those þá) reċedGenitive (the/that þæs) reċedes (the/those þára) reċedaDative (the/that þæm) reċede (the/those þæm) reċedum
dwelling habitation house cottage building store closet place secret place
ærn Strong Neuter Nounærn Singular PluralNominative (the/that þæt) ærn (the/those þá) ærnAccusative (the/that þæt) ærn (the/those þá) ærnGenitive (the/that þæs) ærnes (the/those þára) ærnaDative (the/that þæm) ærne (the/those þæm) ærnum
to find out ; hear about ; discover ; learn something through asking Then ; I heard ; warriors ; under the night-shade ; durst do battle
gefrignan Verb strong class 3Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i ġefriġne ic i ġefræġn2 þu you ġefriġnest|ġefriġnst þu you ġefrugne3 he/hit/heo he/it/she ġefriġneþ|ġefriġnþ he/hit/heo he/it/she ġefræġnPl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġefriġnaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġefrugnonSubjunctiveSg. ġefriġne ġefrugnePl. ġefriġnen ġefrugnenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) ġefriġnende ġefrugnenImperative (direct command)Sg. ġefriġnPl.ġefriġnaþInflected Infinitiveto ġefriġnenne
to order ; command
gebannan Verb strong class 7Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i ġebanne ic i ġebēonn|ġebēon2 þu you ġebenst þu you ġebēonne|ġebēone3 he/hit/heo he/it/she ġebenþ he/hit/heo he/it/she ġebēonn|ġebēonPl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġebannaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġebēonnon|ġebēononSubjunctiveSg. ġebanne ġebēonne|ġebēonePl. ġebannen ġebēonnen|ġebēonenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) ġebannende ġebannenImperative (direct command)Sg. ġebannPl.ġebannaþInflected Infinitiveto ġebannenne
through
geond
- directly ; instantly ; at once 2. fully ; entirely
ædre Adverb
All ready or prepared
ealgearo adjective
boastful speech boast threat on ~ boastfully promise vow command peril danger
béot Strong Neuter Nounbéot Singular PluralNominative (the/that þæt) béot (the/those þá) béotAccusative (the/that þæt) béot (the/those þá) béotGenitive (the/that þæs) béotes (the/those þára) béotaDative (the/that þæm) béote (the/those þæm) béotum
to lie tell lies deny deceive be false
áléogan Verb Strong sv/t2Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i álíege ic i áléag2 þu you álíegest þu you áluge3 he/hit/heo he/it/she {álíegeþ}{álíegþ} he/hit/heo he/it/she áléagPl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they álíegaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they álugonSubjunctiveSg. álíege álugePl. álíegen álugenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) álíegende {geálogen}{álogen}Imperative (direct command)Sg. álíegePl.álíegaþInflected Infinitiveto áléogan
to tower ; stand tall
hlifian Verb weak class 2Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i hlifiġe ic i hlifode2 þu you hlifast þu you hlifodest3 he/hit/heo he/it/she hlifaþ he/hit/heo he/it/she hlifodePl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they hlifiaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they hlifodonSubjunctiveSg. hlifiġe hlifodePl. hlifiġen hlifodenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) hlifiende hlifodImperative (direct command)Sg. hlifaPl.hlifiaþInflected Infinitiveto hlifienne
loathsome ; hateful ; unpleasant ; evil What is dearest in life ; shall then be hateful
laþadjective
son-in-law father-in-law
áðumswerian
an oath
aþ Noun strong a-stemaþ Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) āþ (the/those þá) āþasAccusative (the/that þone) āþ (the/those þá) āþasGenitive (the/that þæs) āþes (the/those þára) āþaDative (the/that þæm) āþe (the/those þæm) āþum
to swear (an oath or a promise)
swerian Verb strong class 6Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i swerie ic i swōr2 þu you swerest þu you swōre3 he/hit/heo he/it/she swereþ he/hit/heo he/it/she swōrPl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they sweriaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they swōronSubjunctiveSg. swerie swōrePl. swerien swōrenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) sweriende sworenImperative (direct command)Sg. swerePl.sweriaþInflected Infinitiveto swerienne
deadly hostility war
wælníþ Strong Masculine Nounwælníþ Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) wælníþ (the/those þá) wælníþasAccusative (the/that þone) wælníþ (the/those þá) wælníþasGenitive (the/that þæs) wælníþes (the/those þára) wælníþaDative (the/that þæm) wælníþe (the/those þæm) wælníþum
- slaughter ; carnage 2. the slain 3. (rare) a slain person ; corpse
wæl Noun strong a-stemwæl Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) wæl (the/those þá) waluAccusative (the/that þone) wæl (the/those þá) waluGenitive (the/that þæs) wæles (the/those þára) walaDative (the/that þæm) wæle (the/those þæm) walum
- envy ; jealousy 2. hostility ; hatred ; evil ; violence
niþ Noun strong a-stemniþ Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) nīþ (the/those þá) nīþasAccusative (the/that þone) nīþ (the/those þá) nīþasGenitive (the/that þæs) nīþes (the/those þára) nīþaDative (the/that þæm) nīþe (the/those þæm) nīþum
- to be subjected ; to suffer what is evil ; thole ; endure ; sustain 2. to undergo treatment 3. to bear some condition 4. to stop ; wait ; continue ; be patient under ; remain
geþolian Verb weak class 2Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i ġeþoliġe ic i ġeþolode2 þu you ġeþolast þu you ġeþolodest3 he/hit/heo he/it/she ġeþolaþ he/hit/heo he/it/she ġeþolodePl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġeþoliaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they ġeþolodonSubjunctiveSg. ġeþoliġe ġeþolodePl. ġeþoliġen ġeþolodenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) ġeþoliende ġeþolodImperative (direct command)Sg. ġeþolaPl.ġeþoliaþInflected Infinitiveto ġeþolienne
- harp 2. lyre
hearpe Noun weakhearpe Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) hearpe (the/those þá) hearpanAccusative (the/that þone) hearpan (the/those þá) hearpanGenitive (the/that þæs) hearpan (the/those þára) hearpenaDative (the/that þæm) hearpan (the/those þæm) hearpum
plain ; field ; ground
wang Noun strong a-stemwang Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) wang (the/those þá) wangasAccusative (the/that þone) wang (the/those þá) wangasGenitive (the/that þæs) wanges (the/those þára) wangaDative (the/that þæm) wange (the/those þæm) wangum
to surround ; encompass
bebugan Verb strong class 2Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i bebūge ic i bebēag|bebēah2 þu you bebȳġst þu you bebuge3 he/hit/heo he/it/she bebȳġþ he/hit/heo he/it/she bebēag|bebēahPl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they bebūgaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they bebugonSubjunctiveSg. bebūge bebugePl. bebūgen bebugenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) bebūgende bebogenImperative (direct command)Sg. bebūg|bebūhPl.bebūgaþInflected Infinitiveto bebūgenne
triumphant
sigehreþigadjective
- to turn ; revolve ; walk ; go ; roam ; or move about 2. (transitive and intransitive) to turn or change 3. (transitive ; with genitive) to exchange or barter
hwierfan Verb weak class 1Verb Present Tense Preterite TenseIndicativeSg. 1 ic i hwierfe ic i hwierfde2 þu you hwierfest|hwierfst þu you hwierfdest3 he/hit/heo he/it/she hwierfeþ|hwierfþ he/hit/heo he/it/she hwierfdePl. we/ge/hie we/ye/they hwierfaþ we/ge/hie we/ye/they hwierfdonSubjunctiveSg. hwierfe hwierfdePl. hwierfen hwierfdenParticiples present participle (…ing) / past participle (…ed) hwierfende hwierfedImperative (direct command)Sg. hwierfPl.hwierfaþInflected Infinitiveto hwierfenne
- crime 2. sin 3. torment ; suffering
firen Noun strong ō-stemfiren Singular PluralNominative (the/that se) firen (the/those þá) firena|fireneAccusative (the/that þone) firene (the/those þá) firena|fireneGenitive (the/that þæs) firene (the/those þára) firenaDative (the/that þæm) firene (the/those þæm) firenum