Physiology - Renin Angiotensin system Flashcards
which of these is not a major compound of the RAAS?
a.angiotensin 1
b. angiotensin 2
c. aldosterone
d,renin
a.angiotensin 1
what triggers the RAAS?
a. dehydration, sodium deficiency, haemorrhage
b. hypertension
c. low blood pressure
d. dehydration, sodium increase
a.dehydration, sodium deficiency, haemorrhage
what happens following sodium defficiency and dehydration?
a. increased renin
b. increased ahngiotensin 1
c. decrease in blood volume and pressure
d. increase in blood volume and pressure
c. decrease in blood volume and pressure
where is renin secreted?
a. proximal convuluted tubule
b. juxtaglomerular cells of afferent arterioles in kidneys
c. juxtaglomerular cells of efferent arterioles in kidneys
d. glomerulus
e. macula densa
b. juxtaglomerular cells of afferent arterioles in kidneys
what is the primary determinant of RAAS activity?
a. rate of angiotensin 1 conversion
b. sodium levels
c. renin secretion rate
c.renin secretion rate
what does hypovolaemia refer to?
a. low extracellular fluid
b. high extracellular flid
c. low intracellular fluid
d. high intracellular potassium
a.low extracellular fluid
what detects the low perfusion pressure of the kidney caused by dehydration etc?
a. baroreceptors
b. glomerulus
c. macula densa cells
d. juxtaglomerular cells of afferent arteriole
a.baroreceptors
what type of cells detect decreased plasma sodium in the DCT/ reduced glomerular filtration in order to trigger renin secretion?
a. baroreceptors
b. glomerulus
c. macula densa cells
d. juxtaglomerular cells of afferent arteriole
c. macula densa cells
which of these does not cause increased renin secretion?
a. sympathetic stimulation of the juxtaglomerular apparatus
b. decreased sodium in the distal convuluted tubules
c. decreased perfusion pressure
d. decreased potassium in plasma
d.decreased potassium in plasma
what causes sympathetic stimulation of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
a. stress/trauma
b. inflammation
c. arousal
d. infection
a.stress/trauma
which receptor is activated by stress/ trauma ?
a. a1 adrenergic receptor
b. a1 cholinergic receptor
c. b1 adrenergic receptor
d. b2 adrenergic receptor
c. b1 adrenergic receptor
Hypovolaemia B. Low blood pressure C. Low plasma electrolyte levels D. Low glomerular filtrate electrolyte levels E. Noradrenaline
d. low glomerular filtrate electrolyte levels
where is angiotensinogen released from?
a. juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys
b. liver
c. lungs
d. macula densa
b.liver
what is the role of angiotensin converting enzyme?
a. converts angiotensin to agt 1
b. converts agt 2 to agt 1
c. converts agt 1 to agt
d. converts agt 1 to agt 2
d. converts agt 1 to agt 2
where is ACE found?
a. juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys
b. liver
c. lungs
d. macula densa
c.lungs
where is aldosterone secreted from in response to increased agt 2?
a. juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys
b. liver
c. lungs
d. adrenal cortex
d.adrenal cortex
what is released from the adrenal cortex?
a. agt 1
b. aldosterone
c. agt
d. agt 2
e. renin
b.aldosterone
what is the effect of increased aldosterone release from the adrenal cortex?
a. increased sodium and water reabsorption , increased potassium and H+ excretion in urine at kidneys
b. decreased sodium and water reabsorption , increased potassium and H+ excretion in urine at kidneys
b. decreased sodium and water reabsorption , decreased potassium and H+ excretion in urine at kidneys
a.increased sodium and water reabsorption , increased potassium and H+ excretion in urine at kidneys
which statement is true of agt 2 ?
a. it is a weak vasoconstrictor
b. it is a weak vasodilator
c. it is a strong vasodilator
d. it is a potent vasoconstrictor
d.it is a potent vasoconstrictor
raises peripheral resistance and BP