Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BCR 1 > Pathology - Pathophysiology of lung diseases > Flashcards

Pathology - Pathophysiology of lung diseases Flashcards

1
Q

what type of ventilatory defect is asthma?

a. obstructive
b. restrictive

A

a.obstructive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what part of the lung is hyper responsive to allergens in asthma?

a. bronchus
b. alveolus
c. trachea

A

a.bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what cell type is increased in asthma?

a.neutrophil
b.monocyte
c,eosinophil
d.basophil

A

c,eosinophil

inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what type of muscle constricts in asthma?

a. skeletal
b. cardiac
c. smooth

A

c.smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the effect of asthma on spirometry?

a. abnormal
b. no effect

A

a.abnormal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the correct equation for % predicted spirometry?

a. actual value/ predicted value x 100
b. predicted value / actual value x 100

A

a.actual value/ predicted value x 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is true for obstructive disease spirometry?

a. FEV1 increase, FVC decrease
b. FEV1 decrease, FVC decrease to lesser extent
c. FEV1 decrease, FVC increase

A

b.FEV1 decrease, FVC decrease to lesser extent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the main cause of COPD?

a. hypertension
b. atherscelrosis
c. smoking
d. obesity

A

c.smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

true or false infections exacerbate the symptoms of COPD?

a. true
b. false

A

a.true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

coarse crepitations and wheeze heard on auscultation what does this suggest?

a. restrictive defecct
b. obstructive defect
c. COPD

A

c.COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what type of fibres are destroyed in emphysema?

a. collagen
b. fibroelastic
c. elastin

A

c.elastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which of these does not cause destruction of elastin fibres?

a. smoking
b. a1 anti trypsin deficiency
c. lung infection

A

c. lung infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what happens to lung compliance in emphysema?

a. increase
b. decrease

A

a.increase

elastic recoil less so lungs can expand further

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

lung compliance

A

expandability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what happens to airway resistance in emphysema ?

a. decrease
b. no change
c. increase

A

c.increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happens to transfer factor in emphysema?

a. decrease
b. no change
c. increase

A

a.decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

true or false emphysema leads to loss of alveoli?

a. true
b. false

A

a.true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what happens in the spirometry of emphysema?

a. FEV1 nad FVC both decrease
b. FEV1 decreases more than FVC
c. FVC decreases more than FEV1

A

b.FEV1 decreases more than FVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what happens to FEV1:FVC ratio in obstructive?

a. increased
b. reduced
c. reduced <0.7

A

c.reduced <0.7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

which of these is not a cause of increased pulmonary vascular resistance?

a. hypoxia
b. thrombo embolism
c. stroke
d. schistosomiasis

21
Q

what type of shunt leads to pulmonary hypertension when oxygenated blood from the heart goes back into the pulmonary veins?

a. left to right
b. right to left

A

a.left to right

22
Q

which of these causes a V/Q mismatch?

a. asthma
b. pulmonary hypertension
c. emphysema

A

b.pulmonary hypertension

23
Q

what does dyspnoea, syncope, cough,haemoptysis and an increased pulmonary second heart sound and right ventricular heave indicate?

a. asthma
b. pulmonary hypertension
c. emphysema

A

b.pulmonary hypertension

24
Q

which of these is heard in pulmonary hypertension?

a. wheeze and coarse crepitations
b. right ventricular heave, increased pulmonary second heart sounds

A

b. right ventricular heave, increased pulmonary second heart sounds

25
what investigations should be done for pulmonary hypertension? a. ecg and chest x ray b. chest x ray and agiography c. chest x ray, echocardiogram
c.chest x ray, echocardiogram
26
pulmonary hypertension due to left to right shunt has what appearance on x ray? a. organs pushed to opposite side b. pleural effusion c. distended aorta d. distended central pulmonary arteries
d.distended central pulmonary arteries
27
what fibre is increased in pulmonary fibrosis? a. interstitial collagen b. fibroelastic c. elastic
a. interstitial collagen
28
what happens to lung compliance in pulmonary fibrosis? a. increase b. decrease c. no change
b.decrease
29
in which obstructive lung disorder does increased interstitial collagen and alveolar wall inflammation lead to decreased gas transfer, V/Q mismatch and pulmonary hypertension? a. asthma b. pulmonary hypertension c. emphysema d. pulmonary fibrosis
d.pulmonary fibrosis
30
what is the main cause of pulmonary fibrosis? a. allergies b. infective c. toxic d. CT disease
a.allergies
31
patient has dyspnoea, excercise intolerance and dry cough. auscultation reveals fine inspiratory crepitations / which condition most likely? a. asthma b. emphysema c. pulmonary hypertension d. pulmonary fibrosis
d.pulmonary fibrosis
32
what happens to transfer factor in pulmonary fibrosis? a. oncrease b. no change c. decrease
c.decrease
33
what type of defect is pulmonary fibrosis/ a. restrictive b. obstructive
a.restrictive
34
what investigations should be done when patient presents with dyspnoea, dry cough and fine inspiratory crepitations are heard on auscultation? a. chest x ray and high resolution ct b. chest x ray and angiogrpahy c. spirometry and b2 reversible agonist
a.chest x ray and high resolution ct
35
what is true for restrictive disease? a. increased FEV1 and FVC b. decreased FEV1, less decreased FVC c. decreased FEV1 and FVC equally
c. decreased FEV1 and FVC equally
36
how much do FEV1 and FVC need to be decreased for it to be significant a. 7o% b. >80% c. >90% d. 0.7
b.>80%
37
how much do FEV1 :FVC ratio need to be decreased for it to be significant a. 7o% b. >80% c. >90% d. <0.7
d.<0.7
38
what happens to FEV1:FVC ratio in restrictive ventilatory defects? a. increase b. decrease c. no change
c.no change
39
increased interstitial markings most marked at the bases and a shaggy heart border is present in which lung condition? a. asthma b. emphysema c. pulmonary hypertension d. pulmonary fibrosis
d.pulmonary fibrosis
40
bronchiectasis is focal distension of the bronchi > a. 1mm b. 2mm c. 3mm d. 4mm
b.2mm
41
focal enlargment of bronchi due to bronchial wall inflammation, leading to outward traction by pulmonary parenchyma and a collapse in expiration and poor clearance of secretion is known as? a. pulmonary fibrosis b. emphysema c. bronchiectasis
c.bronchiectasis
42
recurrent infection is common to which of these lung defects? a. asthma b. emphysema c. bronchiectasis
c. bronchiectasis
43
what is the most common cause of bronchiectasis? a. occupational b. smoking c. allergens d. infection
d.infection
44
infection,cystic fibrosis,cilliary dyskinesia and gamma globulin defficiency are causes of which lung defect? a. asthma b. emphysema c. bronchiectasis d. pulmonary fibrosis
c. bronchiectasis
45
a cough with profuse mucopurulent sputum, occasional haemoptysis and rhonci,coarse crepitations and squawks heard on auscultation indicate which defect? a. asthma b. emphysema c. bronchiectasis
c. bronchiectasis
46
which of these sounds indicate bronchiectasis? a. coarse crepitations and wheeze b. rhonchi, coarse crepitations and squawks c. fine inspiratory crackles
b.rhonchi, coarse crepitations and squawks
47
what type of defect is bronchiectasis? a. restrictive b. obstructive
b.obstructive
48
what test is done following cough with mucopurulent sputum, occasional haemoptysis and auscultation of rhonchi and squawks? a.high resolution CT and x ray b. x ray and angiography c, chest x ray and echocardiogram c,spirometry
a.high resolution CT and x ray
49
cyclindrical, cystic and varicose veins shown on chest x ray of lungs which condition most likley? a. pulmonary hypertension b. bronchiectasis c. pulmonary fibrosis d. emphysema
b.bronchiectasis

BCR 1 (60 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions