Physiology- oxygen transport in blood

Question 1

what is cyanosis?

Answer 1

abnormal bluish discolouration of the skin and mucous membranes due to high levels of deoygenated Hb

Question 2

patient has decreased blood flow and increased oxygen extraction. Which type of cyanosis is most likley?

a. peripheral
b. central

Answer 2

A.peripheral

Question 3

patient has decreased Hb saturation and abnormal Hb . Which type of cyanosis is most likley?

a. peripheral
b. central

Answer 3

b.central

Question 4

which law states : the total pressure exerted by the mixture of inert gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of individual gases in a volume of air

a. Henrys
b. Ficks
c. Daltons

Answer 4

c.Dalton

Question 5

which law states : the number of molecules dissolving in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas

a. Henrys
b. Ficks
c. Daltons

Answer 5

a. Henrys

Question 6

true or false concentration of gas in a solution is equal to partial pressure

Answer 6

false

solubility of a gas affects its conc

Question 7

which of these factors is not one of the 3 factors dictating the paO2?

a. alveolar ventilation
b. exertion
c. conc of O2 inspired
d. ventilation perfusion matching

Answer 7

b.exertion

Question 8

the max amount of O2 that can combine with Hb is known as?

a. partial pressure
b. FiO2
c. oxygen capacity

Answer 8

c. oxygen capacity

Question 9

what is the correct equation for oxygen saturation?

a. volume of oxygen bound to Hb/ oxygen capacity
b. volume of oxygen bound to Hb x oxygen capacity
c. oxygen capacity/ volume of oxygen bound to Hb

Answer 9

a.volume of oxygen bound to Hb/ oxygen capacity x100 for %

Question 10

what does saO2 represent?

a. volume of oxygen in arterial blood
b. O2 saturation in arterial blood
a. volume of oxygen in alveolar blood
b. O2 saturation in alveolar blood

Answer 10

b. O2 saturation in arterial blood

Question 11

what does a pulse oximeter measure ?

a. volume of oxygen in arterial blood
b. O2 saturation in arterial blood
a. volume of oxygen in alveolar blood
b. O2 saturation in alveolar blood

Answer 11

b. O2 saturation in arterial blood

Question 12

what is the correct oxygen content of one L the blood?

a. 201 ml/l
b. 3ml/l
c. 204 ml/l
d. 150g/l

Answer 12

c. 204 ml/l

201 from o2 bound with Hb
3ml/l in plasma

Question 13

how much Hb is present in the a litre of blood?

what is the correct oxygen content of one L the blood?

a. 201 ml/l
b. 3ml/l
c. 204 ml/l
d. 150g/l

Answer 13

d.150 g/l

Question 14

For each g of Hb how much O2 can bind?

a. 1.34 g
b. 1.34 mol
c. 1.34 ml

Answer 14

c.1.34 ml

Question 15

what is the main role of po2?

a. driving force for saturating Hb with O2
b. transferring O2 out of the blood to the tissue

Answer 15

a.driving force for saturating Hb with O2

Question 16

Which two factors determine blood oxygen content

a. saO2 and pO2
b. SaO2 and Hb conc

c, pO2 and Hb conc

Answer 16

b. SaO2 and Hb conc

Question 17

At what point does cyanosis show?

a. more than or equal to 50g/l deoxy Hb or 33% of total Hb
b. when hypoxia begins
c. more than or equal to 50g/l deoxy Hb or 50% of total Hb

Answer 17

a. more than or equal to 50g/l deoxy Hb or 33% of total Hb

Question 18

Which of these Ox- Hb curves is furthest right ?

a. arterial
b. venous

Answer 18

b.venous

Question 19

Which of these oxy-Hb dissociation curves has the highest pO50?

a. venous
b. arterial

Answer 19

a.venous

Question 20

What is the role of 2,3 -DPG?

a. bind oxyhaemoglobin
b. bind deoxyhaemoglobin
c. increase oxygen saturation
d. driving force for saturating Hb with oxygen

Answer 20

b.bind deoxyhaemoglobin

Question 21

Which blood has a lower po50 on an oxy-Hb dissociation curve?

a. fetal
b. maternal

Answer 21

a.fetal

Question 22

A blood with a higher O2 affinity will be shifted in which direction?

a. right
b. down
c. up
d. left

Answer 22

d.left

Question 23

what happens oxygen dissociation curve for anaemia ?

a. right
b. down
c. up
d. left

Answer 23

b.down

Question 24

oxygen consumption = arterio - venous difference x cardiac output

is referred to by which principle ?

a. Henrys
b. Ficks
c. Daltons

Answer 24

b. ficks principle

Question 25

which is the correct equation for oxygen consumption?

a. arterio venous difference x cardiac ouput
b. arterio venous difference / cardiac output
c. arteral o2 + venous o2 / cardiac output

Answer 25

a. arterio venous difference x cardiac ouput

Question 26

what is the average cardiac output per min ?

a. 1 l/min
b. 2l/min
c. 3l/min
d. 4l/min
e. 5l/min

Answer 26

e.5l/min

Question 27

what type of hypoxia is caused by low uptake of O2 at the lungs?

a. hypoxic
b. anaemic
c. ischaemic
d. histoxic

Answer 27

a.hypoxic

Question 28

what type of hypoxia is caused by low haemoglobin levels?

a. hypoxic
b. anaemic
c. ischaemic
d. histoxic

Answer 28

b.anaemic

Question 29

what type of hypoxia is caused by low O2 in the circulation?

a. hypoxic
b. anaemic
c. ischaemic
d. histoxic

Answer 29

c.ischaemic

Question 30

what type of hypoxia is caused by low tissue utilisation of O2?

a. hypoxic
b. anaemic
c. ischaemic
d. histoxic

Answer 30

d.histoxic

Question 31

high altitude and lung failure cause which type of hypoxia?

a. hypoxic
b. anaemic
c. ischaemic
d. histoxic

Answer 31

a.hypoxic

Question 32

iron defficiency and CO poisoning cause which type of hypoxia?

a. hypoxic
b. anaemic
c. ischaemic
d. histoxic

Answer 32

b.anaemic

Question 33

shock, heart failure and embolism cause which type of hypoxia?

a. hypoxic
b. anaemic
c. ischaemic
d. histoxic

Answer 33

c.ischaemic

Question 34

cyanide poisoning (inhibiting mitochondria) cause which type of hypoxia?

a. hypoxic
b. anaemic
c. ischaemic
d. histoxic

Answer 34

d.histoxic