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BCR 1 > Physiology - body fluid compartments > Flashcards

Physiology - body fluid compartments Flashcards

1
Q

intracellular fluid and extra cellular fluid combine to make what?

a. plasma
b. total body water
c. lymph fluid
d. interstitial fluid

A

b.total body water

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2
Q

which fluid compartment makes up 2/3 of the total body water?

a. intracellular fluid
b. extracellular fluid
c. interstitial fluid
d. plasma

A

a.intracellular fluid

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3
Q

what are the two components of the extra cellular fluid?

a. plasma and blood
b. intracellular fluid and plasma
c. interstitial fluid and plasma

A

c. interstitial fluid and plasma

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4
Q

what makes up 3/4 of the extra cellular fluid?

a. plasma
b. interstitial fluid
c. csf

A

b.interstitial fluid

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5
Q

how much of the extra cellular fluid is made up of the plasma?

a. 2/3
b. 1/3
c. 3/4
d. 1/4

A

d.1/4

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6
Q

how much of the body weight is made up of water in 70 kg?

a. 50%
b. 80%
c. 70%
d. 60%

A

d.60%

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7
Q

what % of body weight is taken up by water in an adult male?

a. 60%
b. 80
c. 70%
d. 90%

A

a.60%

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8
Q

what % of body weight is taken up by water in an adult female?

a. 60%
b. 40%
c. 50%
d. 90%

A

c50%

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9
Q

what % of body weight is taken up by water in an infant?

a. 60%
b. 80
c. 70%
d. 90%

A

d.90%

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10
Q

what is the correct order of fluid compartments in order from highest Na+ content to lowest?

a. interstitial fluid, plasma, intracellular
b. intracellular, plasma, interstitial fluid
c. plasma, interstitial fluid, intracellular

A

a.INTRACELLULAR (145VMMOL/L)

plasma 140 mmol/L

intracellular 10 mmol/L

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11
Q

what is the correct order of fluid compartments in order from highest K+ content to lowest?

a. interstitial fluid, plasma, intracellular
b. intracellular, plasma, interstitial fluid
c. plasma, interstitial fluid, intracellular
d. intracellular, interstitial fluid, plasma

A

d.intracellular 155mmol/l
interstitial fluid 3.8 mmol/l
plasma 3.7 mmol/l

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12
Q

what is the correct order of fluid compartments in order from highest Cl- content to lowest?

a. interstitial fluid, plasma, intracellular
b. intracellular, plasma, interstitial fluid
c. plasma, interstitial fluid, intracellular
d. intracellular, interstitial fluid, plasma

A

a. interstitial fluid 115 mmol/l
plasma 102 mmol/l
intracellular 3 mmol/l

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13
Q

In a 70 kg adult human being, about 60% is total body water, made up of
intracellular and extracellular fluids. The extracellular fluids are divided
into interstitial fluid and blood plasma.
Which anion and which cation are the major constituents of intracellular fluid?
A. Phosphate and potassium
B. Potassium and chloride
C. Potassium and sodium
D. Sodium and chloride
E. Sodium and phosphate

A

A. Phosphate and potassium

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14
Q

What is the main anion and cation of the plasma?

a. potassium and phosphate
b. sodium and chloride
c. sodium and phosphate

A

b.sodium and chloride

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15
Q

What is the main anion and cation of the interstitial fluid ?

a. potassium and phosphate
b. sodium and chloride
c. sodium and phosphate

A

b. sodium and chloride

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16
Q

what is the correct equation to use when calculating measurements of body compartments using the indicator dilution method?

a. volume = amount of indicator /concentration
b. concentration = amount of indicator/ volume
c. volume = amount of indication x concentration
d. volume = concentration/amount of indicator

A

a.volume = amount of indicator /concentration

17
Q

No leak, loss or metabolism , non toxic and which other feature is essential for an indicator?

a. visible on ultrasound
b. short half life
c. even distribution throughout the compartment

A

c. even distribution throughout the compartment

18
Q

Extracellular Fluid Volume (ECFV) can be measured using sucrose as the indicator.
140 mg of sucrose is injected into a 70 kg man. The plasma sucrose level after mixing is 0.01 mg/mL, and no sucrose has been excreted or metabolised during the mixing period.
What is the volume of distribution of the sucrose i.e. the ECF?
A. 7,000 mg/kg
B. 7,000 mL
C. 14,000 mL
D. 14,000 mg/L
E. 28,000 L

A

c.14000 ml

19
Q

which body fluid compartments cannot be measured with markers?

a. plasma and ICF
b. intracellular fluid
c. interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid

A

c.interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid

20
Q

what is the correct equation for blood volume?

a. plasma volume / haematocrit
b. plasma volume/ (1-haematocrit)
c. (1-haematocrit)/ plasma volume
d. plasma volume x (1- haematocrit)

A

b.plasma volume/ (1-haematocrit)

21
Q

If plasma volume is measured and found to be 3 litres and haematocrit is
0.40, then what is the total blood volume?Remember blood volume can be calculate as = plasma volume/(1-haematocrit)
A. 1.2 L
B. 3 L
C. 3.8 L
D. 5 L
E. 7.5 L

A

D.5L

22
Q

a solute concentration gradient and a semipermeable membrane are required for which form of transport?

a. primary active transport
b. secondary active transport
c. diffusion
d. osmosis

A

d.osmosis

23
Q

what is the correct definition of osmolality?

a. total number of particles in solution in mosmol/Kg
b. total number of particles in solution in mosmol/L
c. opposing pressure required to prevent osmotic movement of H2O across a membrane in kPa /mmHg
d. osmotic effect of a solution at a cell membrane relative to normal ECF

A

a.total number of particles in solution in mosmol/Kg

24
Q

what is the correct definition for osmolarity

a. total number of particles in solution in mosmol/Kg
b. total number of particles in solution in mosmol/L
c. opposing pressure required to prevent osmotic movement of H2O across a membrane in kPa /mmHg
d. osmotic effect of a solution at a cell membrane relative to normal ECF

A

b.total number of particles in solution in mosmol/L

25
Q

What is the correct definition for osmotic pressure

a. total number of particles in solution in mosmol/Kg
b. total number of particles in solution in mosmol/L
c. opposing pressure required to prevent osmotic movement of H2O across a membrane in kPa /mmHg
d. osmotic effect of a solution at a cell membrane relative to normal ECF

A

c.opposing pressure required to prevent osmotic movement of H2O across a membrane in kPa /mmHg

26
Q

what is the correct definition of tonicity?

a. total number of particles in solution in mosmol/Kg
b. total number of particles in solution in mosmol/L
c. opposing pressure required to prevent osmotic movement of H2O across a membrane in kPa /mmHg
d. osmotic effect of a solution at a cell membrane relative to normal ECF

A

d.osmotic effect of a solution at a cell membrane relative to normal ECF

27
Q

a solution contains 140 mmol/l of NaCl what is the osmolarity?

a. isotonic
b. 300 mosmol/l
c. 150 mosmol/l
d. 300 mosmol/Kg

A

b.300 mosmol/l

28
Q

what happens to the fluid in the plasma at the arteriolar end of capillary?

a. enters capillary
b. leaves capillary

A

b.leaves capillary

29
Q

why does fluid leave the plasma at the arteriolar end?

a. inward osmotic pressure> outward hydrostatic pressure
b. inward hydrostatic pressure> outward osmotic pressure
c. outward hydrostatic pressure> inward osmotic pressure
c. outward osmotic pressure> inward hydrostatic pressure

A

c.outward hydrostatic pressure> inward osmotic pressure

30
Q

why does fluid return to the plasma at the venular end of the capillary?

a. inward osmotic pressure> outward hydrostatic pressure
b. inward hydrostatic pressure> outward osmotic pressure
c. outward hydrostatic pressure> inward osmotic pressure
c. outward osmotic pressure> inward hydrostatic pressure

A

a.inward osmotic pressure> outward hydrostatic pressure

31
Q

what drives interstitial fluid into the lymph capillaries?

a. osmotic pressure
b. concentration gradient
c. hydrostatic pressure

A

c.hydrostatic pressure

32
Q

the plasma , interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid have the same osmolality at eqm of..

a. 250-260 mosmol/kg
b. 278-300 mosmol/kg
c. 280-290 mosmol/kg

A

b.278-300 mosmol/kg

33
Q

what is the average water input and output daily?

a. 1500 ml
b. 2000 ml
c. 3000 ml
d. 2500 ml

A

d.2500 ml

34
Q

what hormone is released in response to decreased circulating vol/ increased osmolality?

a. ADH
b. Diuretic
c. adrenaline
d. epinephrine

A

a.ADH

35
Q

What is the action of ADH?

a. water secretion
b. sodium extretion
c. decreased water excretion
d. decreased water secretion

A

c.decreased water excretion

36
Q

Fluids in the different compartments of the human body are maintained
in a constant proportion and composition.
What changes in body fluids trigger the homeostatic system of control
that monitors and adjusts the fluid balance?
A. Intracellular chloride
(intracellular fluid)
B. Extracellular sodium
(extracellular fluid)
C. Total body water
D. Interstitial fluid osmolarity
E. Extracellular potassium

A

B. Extracellular sodium

extracellular fluid

37
Q

how does the body respond to increased body water?

a. decreased ADH so increased urine output
b. increased ADH so increased urine output
c. decreased ADH so decreased urine output
d. incresed ADH so decreased urine output

A

BCR 1 (60 decks)

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