P36 - Gases

Question 1

excess CO2 in blood

Answer 1

• hypercapnia

Question 2

deficiency of CO2

Answer 2

• hypocapnia

Question 3

deficient of dissolved O2 in blood

Answer 3

• hypoxemia

Question 4

deficiency of O2 reaching tissues or defective use of O2 by tissues

Answer 4

• hypoxia

Question 5

H2CO3 is a reflection of __

Answer 5

• Pco2

Question 6

almost no free CO2 in ____

Answer 6

• red cells

Question 7

CO2 goes into red cells and immediately converts to ___

Answer 7

• bicarb

Question 8

most CO2 in plasma is carried in the form of ___

Answer 8

• bicarbonate

Question 9

blood sample for blood gas and pH analysis

Answer 9

• heparinized whole blood

Question 10

arterial blood is for assessment of

Answer 10

• pulmonary functions

Question 11

venous blood is adequate for

Answer 11

• metabolic disorders

Question 12

venous or arterial blood is more acidic

Answer 12

• venous

- H from cellular metabolism in venous blood being transported to lungs for removal

Question 13

should not use what blood sample to asses for pulmonary function

Answer 13

• venous Pco2

Question 14

plasma [HCO3] is dependent on both __ and ___

Answer 14

• pH

- Pco2

Question 15

venous ___ = arterial ____

Answer 15

• [HCO3]

- [HCO3]

Question 16

exposure of air (or excess heparin in sample) does what to

• Po2
• Pco2
• [H]
• [HCO3]

Answer 16

• increase Po2
• decrease Pco2
• decrease [H] - increase pH
• decrease [HCO3]

Question 17

delayed sample analysis does what to

• Po2
• [H]

Answer 17

• decrease Po2

- increase [H] - decrease pH

Question 18

decrease [HCO3] and [H] increases

Answer 18

• metabolic acidosis

Question 19

increase Pco2 and [H] increase

Answer 19

• respiratory acidosis

Question 20

increase [HCO3] and [H] decrease

Answer 20

• metabolic alkalosis

Question 21

decrease Pco2 and [H] decrease

Answer 21

• respiratory alkalosis

Question 22

• decrease renal loss of H
• increase H production
• increase HCO2 loss
  all can cause _______

Answer 22

• metabolic acidosis

Question 23

respiratory response of metabolic acidosis

Answer 23

• respiratory alkalosis (decrease Pco2; increase pH)

Question 24

• impaired gas exchange
• decrease respiratory center
• upper airway obstruction
• decrease respiratory muscles
• mechanical hypoventilation
  all can caused ______

Answer 24

• respiratory acidosis

Question 25

- excess loss H (gastric or renal) - excess generation of HCO3 all can caused _____

Answer 25

- metabolic alkalosis

Question 26

respiratory response of metabolic alkalosis

Answer 26

- respiratory acidosis | alkalemia; raise PCO2; lower pH

Question 27

- increase alveolar ventilation - hypoxia - pain, anxiety - mechanical hyperventilation - all can cause ____

Answer 27

- respiratory alkalosis

Question 28

expected Po2 only ____ _____ sample acceptable

Answer 28

- heparinized arterial

Question 29

SO2 is a measure of __ saturation of ___

Answer 29

- O2 | - Hgb

Question 30

tidal hypoxia

Answer 30

- air not getting to alveoli

Question 31

alveolar hypoxia

Answer 31

- O2 not diffusing to blood

Question 32

anemia can cause ____ but does not create ____

Answer 32

- hypoxia | - hypoxemia

Question 33

ventilation

Answer 33

- amount of air getting to alveoli

Question 34

perfusion

Answer 34

- amount of blood getting to alveoli