P22 - Cytologic Biopsy of Cutaneous Masses

Question 1

inflammatory lesions are characterized by

Answer 1

• typical leukocytes

Question 2

neutrophilic sterile inflammation contains what kind of exudate

Answer 2

• non-purulent

- non-septic

Question 3

neutrophilic sterile inflammation cytologic findings

Answer 3

• non-degenerate neutrophils
• lymphocytes and macrophages
• no bacteria

Question 4

examples of neutrophilic sterile inflammation

Answer 4

• seromas
• foreign body
• necrosis

Question 5

neutrophilic septic inflammation contains what kind of exudate

Answer 5

• suppurative or purulent inflammation

Question 6

neutrophilic septic inflammation cytologic findings

Answer 6

• degenerate neutrophils (keryolyzed)

- microorganisms

Question 7

specific stains for microorganisms (2)

Answer 7

• modified ziehl-neelsen stains for Mycobacterium infections
• fontana, periodic acid schiff (PAS) for fungal infections

Question 8

chronic active inflammation cytologic findings

Answer 8

• neutrophilic-macrophagic inflammation

- mixed cell population

Question 9

granulomatous inflammation cytologic findings

Answer 9

• macrophagic inflammation

- mixed cell population (macrophages and multinucleated giant cells)

Question 10

eosinophilic inflammation cytologic findings

Answer 10

• neutrophils

- eosinophils

Question 11

eosinophilic inflammation due to

Answer 11

• hypersensitivity reactions

Question 12

neoplastic lesions characterized by presence of tissue cells with changes in

Answer 12

• nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 13

classifications of neoplastic lesions

Answer 13

• round cell
• epithelial cell
• spindle cell

Question 14

benign epithelial cell neoplasm ending

Answer 14

• oma

Question 15

malignant epithelial cell neoplasm ending

Answer 15

• carcinoma

Question 16

benign spindle cell neoplasm ending

Answer 16

• oma

Question 17

malignant spindle cell neoplasm ending

Answer 17

• sarcoma

Question 18

benign neoplasms characteristics (3)

Answer 18

• orderly cell proliferation (monomorphism)
• no inflammatory cells
• no malignant cells

Question 19

clinical significance of benign neoplasms (3)

Answer 19

• harmless space occupying lesions
• non-invasive
• leads to obstruction blood vessels and other organs

Question 20

characteristics of hematomas

Answer 20

• bloody non-clotting fluid

- absence of platelets

Question 21

characteristics of lipomas

Answer 21

• soft slow-growing painless masses
• hypocellular
• few squames
• few RBCs

Question 22

special stains for lipomas

Answer 22

• sudan III

- oil red O (ORO)

Question 23

characteristics of sialoceles

Answer 23

• firm painless mass in sub maxillary space

- fluid that is red-black viscous fluid

Question 24

criteria for malignancy (3)

Answer 24

• cellular changes
• cytoplasmic changes
• nuclear changes

Question 25

clinical significance of malignant neoplasms

Answer 25

- cancerous - invasive - metastasize

Question 26

cellular criteria for malignancy (3)

Answer 26

- anisocytosis - pleomorphism - monomorphism

Question 27

anisocytosis

Answer 27

- unequal size pf cells

Question 28

pleomorphism

Answer 28

- occurrence of more than 1 distinct form of cell

Question 29

monomorphism

Answer 29

- all cells having same form

Question 30

cytoplasmic criteria for malignancy (6)

Answer 30

- granulation - cellular molding - vacuolation - basophilia - variable N:C ratio - pseudopod formation in lymphoma (projection)

Question 31

nuclear criteria for malignancy (8)

Answer 31

- poikilokaryosis - anisokaryosis - nuclear molding - mitotic figure - binucleation - multinucleation - prominent nucleoli - chromatin clumping

Question 32

poikilokaryosis

Answer 32

- abnormal shape of nucleus

Question 33

anisokaryosis

Answer 33

- variation in nucleus size

Question 34

nuclear molding

Answer 34

- conformity of adjacent cell nuclei to one another

Question 35

mitotic figure

Answer 35

- cell undergoing mitosis | - chromosomes are visible