P28 - Respiratory Cytology Flashcards
pre-sampling test for cytology (2)
- clotting function (sodium citrate)
- CBC
sample collection for cytology in what tube
- EDTA
sample collection for culture and sensitivity in what tube
- plain (sterilin) tubes
nasal swabs are useful for what kind of discharge
- serous or purulent for direct smear
what technique is useful in identifying fungal organisms (cryptococcus) in cats
- nasal swabs
what results/test are useless after a nasal lavage (4)
- sediment smear - due to dilution
- protein assays - due to dilution
- TNCC - don’t know original concentration
- Culturing
microscopic findings in normal nasal lavage (4)
- RBCs
- ciliated columnar epithelium
- macrophages
- normal bacteria (somonsiella)
somonsiella
- normal bacteria in nasal tract
- thick with striations
microscopic findings in infectious rhinitis (4)
- mixed inflammatory cells
- mucin
- microorganisms
- dysplastic changes
during inflammation there is an increase in what type of cell
- goblet cells
microscopic findings in non-infectious rhinitis (3)
- unresponsive to antibiotics
- foreign body
- neoplasia (non-deg neutrophils)
tracheobronchial lavage (TBL)
- sterile saline or PBS introduced into lower trachea space
- samples lung, bronchi and trachea
bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)
- sterile saline or PBS introduced into bronchoalveolar space
how to prevent oropharyngeal contamination
- transtracheal lavage
microscopic finding in normal BAL or TBL (8)
- ciliated columnar epithelium
- simonsiella
- few neutrophils
- alveolar macrophages
- occasional goblet cells
- few lymphocytes
- eosinophils - healthy cats
- few mast cells
microscopic findings in acute sterile inflammation (2)
- non-degenerate neutrophils
- no microorganisms
microscopic findings in acute septic inflammation (2)
- degenerate neutrophils
- intracellular microorganisms
microscopic findings in chronic inflammation (3)
- mixed population of inflammatory cells
- mucus
- squamous cell metaplasia
process of chronic obstructive airway (pulmonary) disease (5)
- persistent irritation to bronchioles
- proliferation of goblet cells
- increased mucin production
- obstruction of airway
- cough, exercise intolerance
causes of eosinophilic inflammation (3)
- D. immitis - dogs
- Dictyocaulus - cattle
- Asthma - cats
what is seen in acute cases of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage
- erythrophages
what is seen in chronic cases of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage
- hemosiderophages
lung neoplasms that exfoliate well are detached in what
- BAL
