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Clin Path > P34 - Adrenal Gland > Flashcards

P34 - Adrenal Gland Flashcards

1
Q

cortisol inhibits ___ and ___ resulting in a negative feedback

A
  • CRH

- ACTH

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2
Q

hyperadrenocorticism is also know as _____ and what 3 things can increased levels be due to

A
  • Cushing’s disease
  • pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH)
  • functional adrenocortical neoplasm (FAN)
  • stress-induced adrenocortical hyperplasia
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3
Q

primary hypoadrenocorticism is also known as

A
  • Addison’s disease
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4
Q

iatrogenic adrenal disorders are due to what

A
  • actions of medical personal

- can be increased or decreased

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5
Q

PDH pituitary neoplasm pathogenesis and clinical signs and will it respond to negative feedback

A
  • producing more ACTH -> adrenocortical hyperplasia (bilateral) -> increase cortisol production and aldosterone - Cushnoid clinical signs
  • will not respond to negative feedback
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6
Q

FAN pathogenesis, clinical signs and will it respond to negative feedback

A
  • neoplastic adrenocortical cells -> increase cortisol and aldosterone
  • Cushnoid clinical signs
  • negative feedback is created (less CRH and ACTH)
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7
Q

stress-induced adrenocortical hyperplasia pathogenesis and clinical signs

A
  • stress (chronic) -> ACTH -> adrenocortical hyperplasia (bilateral) -> increase cortisol and aldosterone
  • cushnoid signs not expected
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8
Q

primary hypoadrenocorticism pathogenesis and clinical signs

A
  • bilateral adrenocortical hypoplasia -> decrease cortisol and aldosterone -> electrolytes change
  • ACTH increased
  • Addisonian clinical signs
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9
Q

iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism -> hypocortisolemia due to; pathogenesis and clinical signs

A
  • prednisone or other glucocorticoids
  • inhibits CRH and ACTH -> bilateral hypoplasia -> decrease cortisol and aldosterone
  • cushnoid clinical signs
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10
Q

iatrogenic hypoadrenocorticism -> hypocortisolemia due to abrupt cessation of treatment of prednisone or other glucocorticoids pathogenesis and clinical signs

A
  • increase CRH and ACTH -> bilateral hypoplasia -> decrease cortisol and aldosterone
  • addisonian clinical signs
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11
Q

iatrogenic hypoadrenocorticism -> hypocortisolemia due to adrenal neoplasm or pituitary neoplasm pathogenesis and clinical signs

A
  • lysodren -> destroys cells producing cortisol and aldosterone -> kill off too many -> state of hypoadrenocortiscism
  • before treatment - cushnoid
  • after treatment - addisonian
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12
Q

diagnostic method to confirm hypoadrenocorticism (addison’s) in a dog

A
  • ACTH stimulation test

- no response -> solid support you have hypoplastic adrenal glands

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13
Q

dog presents like Addisonian and ACTH stimulation test has no decrease [ACTH] - is it primary or secondary

A
  • primary
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14
Q

dog presents like Addisonian and ACTH stimulation test has decrease [ACTH] - is it primary or secondary

A
  • secondary
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15
Q

cat presents like Addisonian and ACTH stimulation test has increase [ACTH] - is it primary or secondary

A
  • primary
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16
Q

diagnostic method to confirm hyperadrenocorticism (cushing’s)

A
  • urine cortisol:creatine ratio
  • ACHT stimulation test
  • dexamethasone suppression test
17
Q

amount of creatine excreted per day is nearly constant -> an increase reflects increase urinary excretion of ____

A
  • cortisol
18
Q

Cort:Crt - WRI - interpretation

A
  • does not have hyperadrenocorticism
19
Q

Cort:Crt - increased - interpretation

A
  • may or may not have hyperadrenocoriticism
20
Q

low dose dexamethasone suppression test outcomes if healthy (suppress, not suppress, suppressed and escape)

A
  • suppresses
21
Q

low dose dexamethasone suppression test outcomes if PDH (suppress, not suppress, suppressed and escape)

A
  • 72% do not suppress

- 26% suppress and escape

22
Q

low dose dexamethasone suppression test outcomes if FAN (suppress, not suppress, suppressed and escape)

A
  • 100 % do not suppress
23
Q

low dose dexamethasone suppression test outcomes if nonadrenal disorders (suppress, not suppress, suppressed and escape)

A
  • 50% suppress

- 50% do not suppress

24
Q

if clinical signs (cushnoid) and no suppression of low dose dexamethasone suppression test most likely diagnosis

A
  • hyperadrenocorticism
25
Q

high dose dexamethasone suppression test outcomes if healthy (suppress, not suppress, suppressed and escape)

A
  • suppresses
26
Q

high dose dexamethasone suppression test outcomes if PDH (suppress, not suppress, suppressed and escape)

A
  • 70% suppress

- 30% do not suppress

27
Q

high dose dexamethasone suppression test outcomes if FAN (suppress, not suppress, suppressed and escape)

A
  • 100% do not suppress
28
Q

high dose dexamethasone suppression test outcomes if nonadrenal disorders (suppress, not suppress, suppressed and escape)

A
  • 100% suppression
29
Q

if clinical signs (cushnoid) and no suppression of high dose dexamethasone suppression test most likely diagnosis

A
  • hyperadrenocorticism
30
Q

ACTH stimulation test if PDH outcome

A
  • expect exaggerated response by hyperplastic glands

- high [ACTH]

31
Q

ACTH stimulation test if FAN outcome

A
  • have some exaggerated, some normal and some do not respond
32
Q

ACTH stimulation test if due to stress outcome

A
  • few will have exaggerated response, most will be normal

Clin Path (43 decks)

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