Osteomalacia - Ix + Mx Flashcards
Bloods;
U&Es: to screen for ? anomalies.
???: raised . indicating increased osteoblast activity.
Plasma ?: usually ?due to secondary hyperPTH, may be low.
Serum phosphate: ? due to PTH dependant ?.
Serum ? levels: high.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: ?.
renal ALP calcium normal low phosphaturia pth low
XR
Often ?, may show ‘ ? zones’ of defective mineralisation in ? bone, ? or ribs.
In children, the pathognomic feature is ? of the ? plate.
An ? ? ? may be necessary if tests do not confirm diagnosis.
normal looser long pelvis widening epiphyseal iliac crest biopsy
Treatment;
? vitamin D replacements, high dose for ? weeks then maintenance (? if
the issue is malabsoption, ? if the problem is renal/ hepatic disease).
The disease generally responds fairly ? to a restoration of ? ?
oral 4 iv activated rapid vit d
Rare causes of osteomalacia (rather than vitamin D deficiency) include ? (most commonly due to genetic abnormalities),
?, ? or ? intoxication
hypophosphataemia
bisphosphonates
fluoride
aluminium