Neurogenic Bladder + Bowel, Autonomic Dysreflexia

Question 1

bladder

Injury below ? usually leads to a ? bladder;

o There is no bladder ?, so looks clinically like ?incontinence.
o This is managed by intermittent ?-?

Answer 1

L1
flaccid
tone
overflow
self-catheterization

Question 2

bladder

Injury above ? usually leads to a ? bladder.

o There is autonomic control but no ? control - the bladder
? when reaching a certain level of fullness.
o This is managed by regular ‘tapping’ (tapping ? with the
side of the hand to stimulate the ? reflex) or intermittent
?.

Answer 2

T12
reflex
voluntary
contracts
suprapubically
autonomic
catheterization

Question 3

Neurogenic Bowel;

Spinal cord injury above the level of ? leads to ? bowel, where the feeling of rectal ? is lost;
o Reflex bowel movements causing bowel ? at inconvenient times.

Injury below ? leads to ? bowel;
o ? reflex and anal sphincter ? is lost

Answer 3

T12
reflex
fullness
emptying
L1
areflexic
defaecation
contraction

Question 4

Bowel

The management of both is keeping the correct ? ?, with
routine ? at set times of the day, triggered by multiple methods such as ?, ?stimulation, ? changes or abdominal ?.

Answer 4

stool consistency
defecation
enema
digital
postural
massage

Question 5

Autonomic Dysreflexia;

Potentially dangerous clinical syndrome that develops in individuals with spinal cord injury at ? or above, resulting in acute uncontrolled
? due to ? overactivity.
It can be precipitated by any ? stimulation ? the level of the injury, e.g. ? bladder/bowel, ? irritation, ? activity or minor ?

Answer 5

T6
HTN
sympathetic
noxious
below
full
skin
sexual
trauma

Question 6

Autonomic Dysreflexia

Symptoms are a ? headache, ?, and ? of the skin above the injury, with ? & ? skin below.
On examination there will be ? (above ?/?) and ?.

Answer 6

pounding
sweating
blotching
cold
clammy
HTN
200/100
bradycardia