Lumbar Canal Stenosis + Spondylolisthesis + Facet joint dysfunction

Question 1

Lumbar Canal Stenosis;

Generally caused by ? of the spine;
o Facet joint ?.
o Ligamentum ? hypertrophy.
o ? degeneration.
o ??

? of the cervical canal compresses the cord, and causes cervical
? as described above.

Answer 1

degeneration
hypertrophy
flavum
disc
OA
stenosis
myelopathy

Question 2

Lumbar Canal Stenosis;

? of the lumbar canal compresses the ? ? roots, leading to
symptoms of spinal ?;
o ? pain in the legs on walking, most commonly ?.
o Pain recovers fairly ? on ?/bending forwards.
-> • This creates a more ? canal.
o There may also be ?, ? and weakness in the leg.
o Symptoms are variable ? to ?.

Answer 2

stenosis
cauda equina
claudication
aching
posteriorly
slowly
sitting
roomy
numbness
stiffness
day to day

Question 3

Lumbar Canal Stenosis;

This can have a ? or ? course, and this can influence choice of
treatment (conservative vs. surgical);
o Conservative: ?modification + ?.
o Surgical: ?: ??-related back pain will remain.

Answer 3

stable
progressive
activity
physio
laminectomy
OA

Question 4

Spondylolisthesis;

? joints are responsible for keeping the vertebrae in ?-posterior alignment.
In spondylolisthesis, one vertebra is displaced either ?or ? on the vertebra below it: ? or ?.

Answer 4

facet
antero
anterior
posterior
anterolisthesis
posterolisthesis

Question 5

Spondylolisthesis

They are almost always between ? and ?, or ? and ?
Presentation is with ? backache, precipitated by ?/strain.
A ‘?’ can often be found on palpation

Answer 5

L4/5
L5/S1
intermittent
exercise
step

Question 6

Spondylolisthesis

Causes;
o ?;
-> • Most common cause: ? fracture of lumbar pars ?.
o ? of the lumbosacral facet joints: in ?.
o ?? of the facet joints: in ?adults.
o In ? athletes.

Answer 6

spondylolysis
stress
articularis
dysplasia
adolescents
OA
older
extreme

Question 7

Spondylolisthesis

Usually managed ? as for ? back pain.
o Spinal ? can be performed if the patient is ? or there are ? symptoms.
? ? syndrome can develop

Answer 7

conservatively
mechanical
fusion
young
disabling
cauda equina

Question 8

Facet joint dysfunction

Highly common cause of ? back pain presenting to the GP.
The facet joints are ?, so can develop ??/??, but more commonly are
affected by minor ?.

Answer 8

lower
synovial
OA/RA
trauma

Question 9

Facet Joint dysfunction

This can lead to an ? or ? back pain, typically worse on ? of the back, in the ? and on ?.
There will be no history of pain in the ?.
There may be ? tenderness over the ? on examination

Answer 9

acute 
chronic
extension
morning
standing
legs
local
facets