ORGANOTROPIC AGENTS - Drugs for Angina Pectoris treatment Flashcards
Angina pectoris is
Severe constricting chest pain, often radiating from the precordium to the left shoulder and down the arm, due to insufficient blood supply to the heart that is usually caused by coronary disease
These drug groups useful in angina both decrease myocardial oxygen requirement (by decreasing the determinations of oxygen demand) and increase myocardial oxygen delivery (by reversing coronary arterial spasm)
- Nitrates and nitrite drugs (Nitroglycerin, Isosorbide dinitrate)
- Calcium channel blockers (Nifedipine, Nimodipine)
- Potassium channel openers (Minoxidil)
This drug group useful in angina decreases myocardial oxygen requirement (by decreasing the determinations of oxygen demand) and does not increase myocardial oxygen delivery (by reversing coronary arterial spasm)
Beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs (Atenolol, Mtoprolol)
This drug group useful in angina increase myocardial oxygen delivery (by reversing coronary arterial spasm) and does not decrease myocardial oxygen requirement (by decreasing the determinations of oxygen demand)
Myotropic coronary dilators (Dipyridamole)
True or False about nitrate mechanism of action. Therapeutically active agents in this group are capable of releasing nitric oxide (NO) in to vascular smooth muscle
target tissues.
TRUE
True or False about nitrate mechanism of action. Nitric oxide (NO) is an effective activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase and probably acts mainly through this mechanism
TRUE
True or False about nitrate mechanism of action. Nitrates useful in angina decrease myocardial oxygen requirement (by decreasing the determinations of oxygen demand) and increase myocardial oxygen delivery (by reversing coronary arterial spasm)
TRUE
Which nitrates and nitrite drugs are long-acting?
Sustac
Which nitrates and nitrite drugs is a short-acting drug?
Amyl nitrite, inhalant (Aspirols, Vaporole)
Which nitrates and nitrite drugs is used for prevention of angina attack?
- Nitroglycerin, 2% ointment (Nitrol)
- Nitroglycerin, oral sustained-release (Nitrong)
- Isosorbide mononitrate (Ismo)
Duration of nitroglycerin action (sublingual) is
10-30 minutes
True or False about the mechanism of nitrate beneficial clinical effect. Decreased myocardial oxygen requirement
TRUE
True or False about the mechanism of nitrate beneficial clinical effect. Relief of coronary artery spasm
TRUE
True or False about the mechanism of nitrate beneficial clinical effect. Improved perfusion to ischemic myocardium
TRUE
True or False about the mechanism of nitrate beneficial clinical effect. Increased myocardial oxygen consumption
FALSE
Side effect of nitrates and nitrite drugs are
- Orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia
- Throbbing headache
- Tolerance
True or False about mechanism of calcium channel blockers’ action. Therapeutically active agents in this group are capable of releasing nitric oxide (NO) in vascular smooth muscle target tissues
FALSE
True or False about mechanism of calcium channel blockers’ action. Calcium channel blockers bind to L-type calcium channel sites
TRUE
True or False about mechanism of calcium channel blockers’ action. Calcium channel blockers useful in angina decrease myocardial oxygen requirement (by decreasing the determinations of oxygen demand) and increase myocardial oxygen delivery (by reversing coronary arterial spasm)
TRUE
True or False about mechanism of calcium channel blockers’ action. Calcium channel blockers decrease transmembrane calcium current associated in smooth muscle with long-lasting relaxation and in a cardiac muscle with a reduction in contractility
TRUE
Which antianginal agents is a calcium channel blocker?
Nifedipine
Which cardiovascular system effects refers to a calcium channel blocker?
- The reduction of peripheral vascular resistance
- The reduction of cardiac contractility and, in some cases, cardiac output
- Relief of coronary artery spasm
Main clinical use of calcium channel blockers is
- Angina pectoris
- Hypertension
- Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
Which antianginal agents is a myotropic coronary dilator
Dipyridamole
Which antianginal agents is a beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drug
Atenolol
The following agents are cardioselective beta1-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs labeled for use in angina
- Metoprolol
- Talinolol
- Atenolol
The following agents are not cardioselective beta1-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs labeled for use in angina
Propranolol
True or False about beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs. These agents decrease transmembrane calcium current associated in a smooth muscle with long-lasting relaxation and in a cardiac muscle with a reduction in contractility
TRUE
True or False about beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs. These agents has a moderate reflex and vascular dilative action caused by the stimulation of sensitive nerve endings
TRUE
True or False about beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs. Beneficial effects of these agents are related primarily to their hemodynamic effects – decreased heart rate, blood pressure, and contractility – which decrease myocardial oxygen requirements at rest and during exercise
FALSE
True or False about beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs. These agents increase the permeability of K channels, probably ATP-dependent K channels, that results in stabilizing the membrane potential of excitable cells near the resting potential
TRUE
Which antianginal agents refers to reflex coronary dilators:
Validol
True or False about Validol. Validol has a moderate reflex and vascular dilative action caused by the stimulation of sensitive nerve endings
TRUE
True or False about Validol. At sublingual administration the effect is produced in five minutes and 70 % of the preparation is released in 3 minutes
TRUE
True or False about Validol. It is used in cases of angina pectoris, motion sickness, nausea, vomiting when seasick or airsick and headaches due to taking nitrates
TRUE
Which antianginal agents is the specific bradycardic drug
Alinidine
True or False about Alinidine. Bradycardic drugs have a moderate reflex and vascular dilative action caused by the stimulation of sensitive nerve endings
FALSE
True or False about Alinidine. The predominant effect of bradycardic drugs is a decrease in heart rate without significant changes in arterial pressure
TRUE
True or False about Alinidine. The protective effect of bradycardic drugs is likely due to a reduced O2 demand
TRUE
True or False about Alinidine. Specific bradycardic agents are used in the management of a wide range of cardiovascular disorders, including sinus tachyarrhythmias and angina pectoris
TRUE
True or False about Dipyridamole. Dipyridamole is an agent that blocks the reabsorption and breakdown of adenosine that results in an increase of endogenous adenosine and vasodilatation
TRUE
True or False about Dipyridamole. The drug causes relative hypoperfusion of myocardial regions served by coronary arteries with haemodynamically significant stenoses
TRUE
True or False about Dipyridamole. Dipyridamole is a platelet aggregation inhibitor
TRUE
Which antianginal agents is a potassium channel opener
Minoxidil
True or False about potassium channel openers. These agents decrease transmembrane calcium current associated in a smooth muscle with long-lasting relaxation and in a cardiac muscle with a reduction in contractility
FALSE
True or False about potassium channel openers. These agents has a moderate reflex and vascular dilative action caused by the stimulation of sensitive nerve endings
FALSE
True or False about potassium channel openers. Beneficial effects of these agents are related primarily to their hemodynamic effects – decreased heart rate, blood pressure, and contractility – which decrease myocardial oxygen requirements at rest and during exercise
FALSE
True or False about potassium channel openers. These agents increase the permeability of K channels, probably ATP-dependent K channels, that results in stabilizing the membrane potential of excitable cells near the resting potential
TRUE
