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Pharmacology > ORGANOTROPIC AGENTS - Drugs for Angina Pectoris treatment > Flashcards

ORGANOTROPIC AGENTS - Drugs for Angina Pectoris treatment Flashcards

1
Q

Angina pectoris is

A

Severe constricting chest pain, often radiating from the precordium to the left shoulder and down the arm, due to insufficient blood supply to the heart that is usually caused by coronary disease

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2
Q

These drug groups useful in angina both decrease myocardial oxygen requirement (by decreasing the determinations of oxygen demand) and increase myocardial oxygen delivery (by reversing coronary arterial spasm)

A
  • Nitrates and nitrite drugs (Nitroglycerin, Isosorbide dinitrate)
  • Calcium channel blockers (Nifedipine, Nimodipine)
  • Potassium channel openers (Minoxidil)
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3
Q

This drug group useful in angina decreases myocardial oxygen requirement (by decreasing the determinations of oxygen demand) and does not increase myocardial oxygen delivery (by reversing coronary arterial spasm)

A

Beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs (Atenolol, Mtoprolol)

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4
Q

This drug group useful in angina increase myocardial oxygen delivery (by reversing coronary arterial spasm) and does not decrease myocardial oxygen requirement (by decreasing the determinations of oxygen demand)

A

Myotropic coronary dilators (Dipyridamole)

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5
Q

True or False about nitrate mechanism of action. Therapeutically active agents in this group are capable of releasing nitric oxide (NO) in to vascular smooth muscle
target tissues.

A

TRUE

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6
Q

True or False about nitrate mechanism of action. Nitric oxide (NO) is an effective activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase and probably acts mainly through this mechanism

A

TRUE

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7
Q

True or False about nitrate mechanism of action. Nitrates useful in angina decrease myocardial oxygen requirement (by decreasing the determinations of oxygen demand) and increase myocardial oxygen delivery (by reversing coronary arterial spasm)

A

TRUE

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8
Q

Which nitrates and nitrite drugs are long-acting?

A

Sustac

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9
Q

Which nitrates and nitrite drugs is a short-acting drug?

A

Amyl nitrite, inhalant (Aspirols, Vaporole)

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10
Q

Which nitrates and nitrite drugs is used for prevention of angina attack?

A
  • Nitroglycerin, 2% ointment (Nitrol)
  • Nitroglycerin, oral sustained-release (Nitrong)
  • Isosorbide mononitrate (Ismo)
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11
Q

Duration of nitroglycerin action (sublingual) is

A

10-30 minutes

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12
Q

True or False about the mechanism of nitrate beneficial clinical effect. Decreased myocardial oxygen requirement

A

TRUE

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13
Q

True or False about the mechanism of nitrate beneficial clinical effect. Relief of coronary artery spasm

A

TRUE

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14
Q

True or False about the mechanism of nitrate beneficial clinical effect. Improved perfusion to ischemic myocardium

A

TRUE

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15
Q

True or False about the mechanism of nitrate beneficial clinical effect. Increased myocardial oxygen consumption

A

FALSE

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16
Q

Side effect of nitrates and nitrite drugs are

A
  • Orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia
  • Throbbing headache
  • Tolerance
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17
Q

True or False about mechanism of calcium channel blockers’ action. Therapeutically active agents in this group are capable of releasing nitric oxide (NO) in vascular smooth muscle target tissues

A

FALSE

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18
Q

True or False about mechanism of calcium channel blockers’ action. Calcium channel blockers bind to L-type calcium channel sites

A

TRUE

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19
Q

True or False about mechanism of calcium channel blockers’ action. Calcium channel blockers useful in angina decrease myocardial oxygen requirement (by decreasing the determinations of oxygen demand) and increase myocardial oxygen delivery (by reversing coronary arterial spasm)

A

TRUE

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20
Q

True or False about mechanism of calcium channel blockers’ action. Calcium channel blockers decrease transmembrane calcium current associated in smooth muscle with long-lasting relaxation and in a cardiac muscle with a reduction in contractility

A

TRUE

21
Q

Which antianginal agents is a calcium channel blocker?

A

Nifedipine

22
Q

Which cardiovascular system effects refers to a calcium channel blocker?

A
  • The reduction of peripheral vascular resistance
  • The reduction of cardiac contractility and, in some cases, cardiac output
  • Relief of coronary artery spasm
23
Q

Main clinical use of calcium channel blockers is

A
  • Angina pectoris
  • Hypertension
  • Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
24
Q

Which antianginal agents is a myotropic coronary dilator

A

Dipyridamole

25
Q

Which antianginal agents is a beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drug

A

Atenolol

26
Q

The following agents are cardioselective beta1-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs labeled for use in angina

A
  • Metoprolol
  • Talinolol
  • Atenolol
27
Q

The following agents are not cardioselective beta1-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs labeled for use in angina

A

Propranolol

28
Q

True or False about beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs. These agents decrease transmembrane calcium current associated in a smooth muscle with long-lasting relaxation and in a cardiac muscle with a reduction in contractility

A

TRUE

29
Q

True or False about beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs. These agents has a moderate reflex and vascular dilative action caused by the stimulation of sensitive nerve endings

A

TRUE

30
Q

True or False about beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs. Beneficial effects of these agents are related primarily to their hemodynamic effects – decreased heart rate, blood pressure, and contractility – which decrease myocardial oxygen requirements at rest and during exercise

A

FALSE

31
Q

True or False about beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs. These agents increase the permeability of K channels, probably ATP-dependent K channels, that results in stabilizing the membrane potential of excitable cells near the resting potential

A

TRUE

32
Q

Which antianginal agents refers to reflex coronary dilators:

A

Validol

33
Q

True or False about Validol. Validol has a moderate reflex and vascular dilative action caused by the stimulation of sensitive nerve endings

A

TRUE

34
Q

True or False about Validol. At sublingual administration the effect is produced in five minutes and 70 % of the preparation is released in 3 minutes

A

TRUE

35
Q

True or False about Validol. It is used in cases of angina pectoris, motion sickness, nausea, vomiting when seasick or airsick and headaches due to taking nitrates

A

TRUE

36
Q

Which antianginal agents is the specific bradycardic drug

A

Alinidine

37
Q

True or False about Alinidine. Bradycardic drugs have a moderate reflex and vascular dilative action caused by the stimulation of sensitive nerve endings

A

FALSE

38
Q

True or False about Alinidine. The predominant effect of bradycardic drugs is a decrease in heart rate without significant changes in arterial pressure

A

TRUE

39
Q

True or False about Alinidine. The protective effect of bradycardic drugs is likely due to a reduced O2 demand

A

TRUE

40
Q

True or False about Alinidine. Specific bradycardic agents are used in the management of a wide range of cardiovascular disorders, including sinus tachyarrhythmias and angina pectoris

A

TRUE

41
Q

True or False about Dipyridamole. Dipyridamole is an agent that blocks the reabsorption and breakdown of adenosine that results in an increase of endogenous adenosine and vasodilatation

A

TRUE

42
Q

True or False about Dipyridamole. The drug causes relative hypoperfusion of myocardial regions served by coronary arteries with haemodynamically significant stenoses

A

TRUE

43
Q

True or False about Dipyridamole. Dipyridamole is a platelet aggregation inhibitor

A

TRUE

44
Q

Which antianginal agents is a potassium channel opener

A

Minoxidil

45
Q

True or False about potassium channel openers. These agents decrease transmembrane calcium current associated in a smooth muscle with long-lasting relaxation and in a cardiac muscle with a reduction in contractility

A

FALSE

46
Q

True or False about potassium channel openers. These agents has a moderate reflex and vascular dilative action caused by the stimulation of sensitive nerve endings

A

FALSE

47
Q

True or False about potassium channel openers. Beneficial effects of these agents are related primarily to their hemodynamic effects – decreased heart rate, blood pressure, and contractility – which decrease myocardial oxygen requirements at rest and during exercise

A

FALSE

48
Q

True or False about potassium channel openers. These agents increase the permeability of K channels, probably ATP-dependent K channels, that results in stabilizing the membrane potential of excitable cells near the resting potential

A

TRUE

Pharmacology (41 decks)

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