AGENTS, CONTROLLING THE FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - Ethyl alcohol

Question 1

Alcohol may cause

Answer 1

• CNS depression
• Vasodilatation
• Hypoglycemia

Question 2

Alcohol

Answer 2

Increases body heat loss

Question 3

True or False. It is undesirable to take alcohol before going outdoors when it extremely cold, but it may be harmless to take some after coming into a warm place from the cold.

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

The most common medical complication of alcohol abuse is

Answer 4

• Liver failure including liver cirrhosis
• Tolerance and physical dependence
• Generalized symmetric peripheral nerve injury, ataxia and dementia

Question 5

Effect of moderate consumption of alcohol on plasma lipoproteins is

Answer 5

Raising serum levels of high-density lipoproteins

Question 6

Which metabolic alterations may be associated with chronic alcohol abuse?

Answer 6

Severe loss of potassium and magnesium

Question 7

Alcohol potentiates

Answer 7

• SNS depressants
• Vasodilatators
• Hypoglycemic agents

Question 8

Which drugs is most commonly used for causing a noxious reaction to alcohol by blocking its
metabolism?

Answer 8

Disulfiram

Question 9

Which agents is an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase?

Answer 9

Disulfiram

Question 10

Indicate the drug, which alters brain responses to alcohol

Answer 10

Naltrexone

Question 11

Which agents is an opioid antagonist?

Answer 11

Naltrexone

Question 12

Alcohol causes an acute increase in the local concentrations of

Answer 12

• Dopamine
• Opioid
• Serotonine

Question 13

Management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome contains

Answer 13

• Restoration of potassium, magnesium and phosphate balance
• Thiamine therapy
• Substituting a long-acting sedative-hypnotic drug for alcohol

Question 14

Indicate the drug, which decreases the craving for alcohol or blunts pleasurable “high” that comes with renewed drinking

Answer 14

Naltrexone

Question 15

The symptoms resulting from the combination of disulfiram and alcohol are

Answer 15

Nausea, vomiting

Question 16

The combination of disulfiram and ethanol leads to accumulation of

Answer 16

Acetaldehyde

Question 17

True or False. The combination of naltrexone and disulfiram should be avoided since both drugs are potential hepatotoxins.

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

Indicate the “specific” modality of treatment for severe methanol poisoning

Answer 18

• Dialysis to enhance removal of methanol
• Alkalinization to counteract metabolic acidosis
• Suppression of metabolism by alcohol dehydrogenase to toxic products

Question 19

Which agents may be used as an antidote for ethylene glycol and methanol poisoning?

Answer 19

Fomepizol

Question 20

The principal mechanism of fomepizol action is associated with inhibition of

Answer 20

Alcohol dehydrogenase