AGENTS, CONTROLLING THE FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - Antidepressant agents Flashcards
The principal mechanism of action of antidepressant agents is
Blocking epinephrine or serotonin reuptake pumps
Which agents is related to tricyclic antidepressants?
Amitriptyline
Indicate the second-generation heterocyclic drug
Maprotiline
Which agents is related to the third-generation heterocyclic antidepressants?
Nefazodone
Which antidepressants is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor?
Fluoxetine
Which antidepressant agents is a selective inhibitor of norepinephrine reuptake?
Maprotiline
Indicate the antidepressant, which blocks the reuptake pumps for serotonin and norepinephrine
Amitriptyline
Which antidepressants is an unselective MAO blocker and produces extremely long-lasting inhibition of the enzyme?
Tranylcypramine
Indicate the irreversible MAO inhibitor, which is a hydrazide derivative
Phenelzine
Which MAO inhibitors has amphetamine-like activity and is related to nonhydrazide derivatives
Tranylcypramine
Which antidepressants is a selective short-acting MAO-A inhibitor?
Moclobemide
Monoamine Oxydase A
Is responsible for norepinephrine, serotonin, and tyramine metabolism
Which synapses are involved in depression?
Serotoninergic synapses
Block of which type of Monoamine Oxydase might be more selective for depression?
MAO-A
The principal mechanism of MAO inhibitor action is
Blocking a major degradative pathway for the amine neurotransmitters, which permits more amines to accumulate in presynaptic stores
The irreversible MAO inhibitors have a very high risk of developing
Hypertensive reactions to tyramine ingested in food
The most dangerous pharmacodynamic interaction is between MAO inhibitors and
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- Tricyclics
- Sympathomimetics
Serotonin syndrome is a result of
- Increased stores of monoamine
- Significant accumulation of amine neurotransmitters in the synapses
The therapeutic response to antidepressant drugs is usually over a period of
2-3 weeks
Which antidepressants may have latency period as short as 48 hours?
Tranylcypromine
Which features do MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants have in common?
Increase levels of biogenic amines
Tricyclic antidepressants are
Mixed norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Which autonomic nervous system effects is common for tricyclic antidepressants?
- Antimuscarinic action
- Antihistaminic action
- Alfa adrenoreceptor-blocking action
Indicate an effective antidepressant with minimal autonomic toxicity
Fluoxetine
Fluoxetine has fewer adverse effects because of
Minimal binding to cholinergic, histaminic, and alfa-adrenergic receptors
Which tricyclic and heterocyclic antidepressants has the greatest sedation?
- Doxepin
- Amitriptyline
- Trazodone
Which tricyclic and heterocyclic agents has the least sedation?
Protriptyline
Indicate a tricyclic or a heterocyclic antidepressant having greatest antimuscarinic effects
Amitriptyline
Indicate a tricyclic or a heterocyclic antidepressant having least antimuscarinic effects
- Trazodone
- Buprorion
- Mirtazapine
Which antidepressants has significant alfa2-adrenoreceptor antagonism?
Mirtazapine
Indicate the main claim for an ideal antidepressant agent
- A faster onset of action
- Fewer adverse sedative and autonomic effects
- Fewer toxicity when overdoses are taken
Sedation, peripheral atropine-like toxicity (e.g. Cycloplegia, tachycardia, urinary retention, and constipation), orthostatic hypotension, arrhythmias, weight gain and sexual disturbances are possible adverse effects of
Amitriptyline
Which drugs is least likely to be prescribed to patients with prostatic hypertrophy, glaucoma, coronary and cerebrovascular disease?
Amitriptyline
Indicate the antidepressant agent, which is a phenyltolylpropylamine derivative
Fluoxetine
The mechanism of fluoxetine action includes
- Selective inhibition of serotonine uptake in the CNS
- Little effect on central norepinephrine or dopamine function
- Minimal binding to cholinergic, histaminic, and alfa-adrenergic receptors
Which antidepressants is used for treatment of eating disorders, especially buliemia?
Fluoxetine
True or False. Sertaline and paroxetine are similar to fluoxetine in the mechanism of action and therapeutic use, sertaline is less likely to interact adversely with other drugs.
TRUE
A highly selective serotonine reuptake inhibitor is
- Sertaline
- Paroxetine
- Fluoxetine
