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Pharmacology > AGENTS, CONTROLLING THE FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - Drugs of abuse > Flashcards

AGENTS, CONTROLLING THE FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - Drugs of abuse Flashcards

1
Q

Psychologic dependence is

A

Compulsive drug-seeking behavior

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2
Q

Tolerance is associated with

A
  • An ability to compensate for the drug effect
  • Increased disposition of the drug after chronic use
  • Compensatory changes in receptors, effector enzymes, or membrane actions of the drug
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3
Q

Addiction is associated with the existence of

A
  • Psychological dependence
  • Physiological dependence
  • Tolerance
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4
Q

Substances causing narco- and glue sniffings are

A
  • Stimulants
  • Psychedelics
  • Sedative drugs
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5
Q

Substances causing narco- and glue sniffings are not

A

Antipsychotic drugs

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6
Q

Which abused drugs do not belong to sedative agents?

A

Cannabinoids

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7
Q

Psychedelics are

A
  • LSD
  • Marijuana
  • Volatile substances (glues, solvents, volatile nitrites and nitrous oxide)
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8
Q

Psychedelics are not

A

Cocaine

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9
Q

In contrast to morphine, heroin is

A

More addictive and fast-acting

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10
Q

True or False. Symptoms of opioid withdrawal begin 8-10 hours after the last dose.

A

TRUE

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11
Q

The acute course of opioid withdrawal may last

A

7-10 days

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12
Q

Indicate the sedative-hypnotic agent, which has the highest abuse potential

A

Phenobarbital

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13
Q

Characteristics of barbiturate intoxication (2-3 dose) include

A
  • Pleasant feelings of the “blow” in the head, vertigo, myasthenia, stupor
  • Locomotive, speech excitation, sharp swings from a cheerful mood to an aggressive state
  • Sleep with the subsequent weakness and headaches
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14
Q

Characteristics of barbiturate intoxication (2-3 dose) do not include

A

Perceptual distortion of surroundings, disorders of thinking, behavior

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15
Q

Barbiturate abstinent syndrome is shown by

A
  • Crisis by 3 day of abstention
  • Anxiety, mydriasis, myasthenia, muscular convulsions, vomiting, diarrhea
  • Psychosis as delirium (color visual and auditory hallucinations)
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16
Q

Which tranquilizers belongs to strong euphorizing agents?

A

Diazepam

17
Q

Tranquilizers intoxication (5-10 tablets) features include:

A

Euphoria, burst of energy, increase in motor activity, wave warmth all over the body

18
Q

Which abused drugs is related to stimulants?

A
  • Cocaine
  • Amphetamine
  • Caffeine
19
Q

Cocaine exerts its central action by

A

Inhibiting dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake

20
Q

“Crack” is a derivative of

A

Cocaine

21
Q

Cocaine intoxication appears by

A
  • Short clouding of consciousness, lightness of body and a feeling of flight
  • Wave warmth all over the body, physical bliss, motionlessness
  • Clear consciousness, improved mood, influx of physical and spiritual forces, locomotive and speech excitation,
    reappraisal of personality
22
Q

Which stimulants is related to psychedelics?

A

“ecstasy” (methylenedioxymethamphetamine)

23
Q

Cocaine may cause

A
  • Powerful vasoconstrictive reactions resulting in myocardial infarctions
  • The multiple brain perfusion defects
  • Spontaneous abortion during pregnancy
24
Q

Characteristics of cocaine abstinent syndrome include

A
  • Feeling of depression, irritability, confusion, insomnia (the first 3 days)
  • Depression, apathy, excessive appetite, a wish to sleep (the subsequent 1-2 days)
  • New attack of depression, anxiety, irritability, dullness, intense thirst for cocaine (after 1-5 days improvement)
25
Q

Characteristics of cocaine abstinent syndrome do not include

A

Psychosis as color visual and auditory hallucinations (for 3 day)

26
Q

Overdoses of cocaine are usually rapidly fatal from

A
  • Respiratory depression
  • Arrhythmias
  • Seizures
27
Q

Which agents is related to hallucinogens?

A

LSD

28
Q

LSD produces

A
  • Mood swings
  • Impaired memory, difficulty in thinking, poor judgment
  • Perceptual distortion
29
Q

LSD decreases in brain

A

5-HT2 receptor densities

30
Q

Which agents is related to cannabis?

A

Hashish

31
Q

The early stage of cannabis intoxication is characterized by

A
  • Euphoria, uncontrolled laugher
  • Alteration of time sense, depersonalization
  • Sharpened vision
32
Q

Which physiologic signs is a characteristic of cannabis intoxication?

A

Reddening of the conjunctiva

33
Q

Industrial solvent inhalation causes

A
  • Quick intoxication, lasting only 5-15 minutes
  • Euphoria, relaxed “drunk” feeling
  • Disorientation, slow passage of time and possible hallucinations
34
Q

Indicate the drugs of choice for reversing the withdrawal syndrome

A
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Neuroleptics
  • Antidepressants

Pharmacology (41 decks)

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