CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS - SYNTHETIC ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

Sulfonamides are effective against

A
  • Bacteria and Chlamidia
  • Actinomyces
  • Protozoa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mechanism of sulfonamides’ antibacterial effect is

A

Inhibition of dihydropteroate synthase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Combination of sulfonamides with trimethoprim

A

Increases the antimicrobial activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sulfonamide potency is decreased in case of co-administration with

A

Local anesthetics – derivatives of paraaminobenzoic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The following measures are necessary for prevention of sulfonamide precipitation and crystalluria

A

Taking of drinks with alkaline pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Resorptive sulfonamides have the following unwanted effects on blood system

A
  • Hemolytic anemia
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Granulocytopenia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mechanism of Trimethoprim’ action is

A

Inhibition of dihydropteroate reductase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sulfonamides have the following unwanted effects

A
  • Hematopoietic disturbances
  • Crystalluria
  • Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The drug, which is effective against mycobacteria only

A

Isoniazid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The antimycobacterial drug belonging to first-line agents

A

Isoniazid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The antimycobacterial drug, belonging to second-line agents

A

PAS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The antimycobacterial drug, belonging to antibiotics

A

Rifampin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mechanism of Izoniazid action is

A

Inhibition of mycolic acids synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mechanism of Rifampin action is

A

Inhibition of DNA dependent RNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mechanism of Cycloserine action is

A

Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mechanism of Streptomycin action is

A

Inhibition of protein synthesis

17
Q

Rifampin has the following unwanted effect

A

Flu-like syndrome, tubular necrosis

18
Q

Isoniazid has following unwanted effect

A

Hepatotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy

19
Q

Ethambutol has the following unwanted effect

A

Retrobulbar neuritis with red-green color blindness

20
Q

Streptomycin has the following unwanted effect

A

Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

21
Q

Mechanism of aminosalicylic acid action is

A

Inhibition of folate synthesis

22
Q

The following agents are the first-line antimycobacterial drugs

A
  • Rifampin
  • Isoniazid
  • Streptomycin
23
Q

The following antimycobacterial drugs have a bactericidal effect

A
  • Streptomycin
  • Rifampin
  • Isoniazid
24
Q

Combined chemotherapy of tuberculosis is used to

A

Decrease mycobacterium drug-resistance

25
Q

Antibacterial drug – a nitrofurane derivative

A

Nitrofurantoin

26
Q

Antibacterial drug – a nitroimidazole derivative

A

Metronidazole

27
Q

Antibacterial drug – a quinolone derivative

A

Nalidixic acid

28
Q

Antibacterial drug – a fluoroquinolone derivative

A

Ciprofloxacin

29
Q

The indications for nitrofuranes

A

Infections of urinary and gastro-intestinal tracts

30
Q

The unwanted effects of nitrofuranes

A
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Allergic reactions
  • Hemolytic anemia
31
Q

The indications for Metronidazole

A

Intra-abdominal infections, vaginitis, enterocolitis

32
Q

The unwanted effects of Metronidazole

A

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis

33
Q

The mechanism of fluoroquinolones’ action is

A

Inhibition of DNA gyrase

34
Q

Fluoroquinolones are active against

A

Variety of Gram-negative and positive microorganisms, including Mycoplasmas and Chlamidiae

35
Q

The unwanted effects of fluoroquinolones

A

Headache, dizziness, insomnia

36
Q

The indications for fluoroquinolones

A

Infections of the urinary and respiratory tract, bacterial diarrhea

37
Q

The drug of choice for syphilis treatment is

A

Penicillin