Module 54

Question 1

why are clients’ perceptions not valid

Answer 1

often enter in crisis and have no choice but to improve; placebo effect; want to speak well of therapist; want to believe therapy was worth it

Question 2

effort justification

Answer 2

clients are prone to selective and biased recall and to making judgements that confirm beliefs

Question 3

meta-analysis

Answer 3

stat procedure that combines results of many different research studies; shows that the avg client undergoing treatment is better off than 80% of those who aren’t, they improve quicker and have less risk of relapse; shows that more specific problems fare better with psychotherapy

Question 4

cognitve/CBT

Answer 4

anxiety, PTSD, insomnia, depression

Question 5

behavioral conditioning

Answer 5

specific behavior problems, phobias, compulsions, marital problems, sexual dysfunction

Question 6

psychodynamic therapy

Answer 6

depression and anxiety

Question 7

client-centered therapy

Answer 7

mild-mod depression

Question 8

evidence based practice

Answer 8

clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics/preferences

Question 9

pseudotherapies

Answer 9

claim healing powers; little/no scientific evidence; can be harmful

Question 10

conversion therapy

Answer 10

includes reparative therapy; aims to repair something that doesn’t require therapy like homosexuality

Question 11

Scared Straight

Answer 11

deter youth from crime by having them visit adult prisoners; not effective

Question 12

energy therapies

Answer 12

propose to manipulate client’s invisible energy levels

Question 13

faciliated communication

Answer 13

hand-guided; with uncommunicative people

Question 14

recovered memory therapy

Answer 14

aim to reveal repressed memory of early child abuse

Question 15

rebirthing therapies

Answer 15

reenact supposed trauma of a client’s birth

Question 16

EMDR

Answer 16

Shapiro; rapid eye movements decrease anxious thoughts and unlock/reprocess previous frozen memories; could just be placebo and exposure therapy at work; also effective with tapping fingers, etc

Question 17

light exposure therapy

Answer 17

increased morning light decreases (seasonal) depression and anxiety; as effective as antidepressants and CBT; sparks activity in brain areas that influence body’s arousal and hormone levels

Question 18

what do all psychotherapies offer

Answer 18

hope; a new perspective; empathetic, trusting, caring relationship

Question 19

therapeutic alliance

Answer 19

bond of trust and mutual understanding between therapist and client

Question 20

paraprofessionals

Answer 20

briefly trained caregivers who may be recovered former clients; can assist troubled people effectively

Question 21

clinical psychologists

Answer 21

PsyD/PhD; supervised internships; post-doctoral training; half and half in private practices and agencies/institutions

Question 22

psychiatrists

Answer 22

physicians (MDs/DOs); can prescribe meds; most have private practices; see those with most severe problems

Question 23

clinical/psychiatric social workers

Answer 23

Masters; post-grad supervision; offer psychotherapy; mostly treat mild problems including persona and family issues, mild depression, and eating disorders; half have National Association of Social Workers’ designation

Question 24

counselors

Answer 24

can be clergy; abuse, marriage, family specific; may require Masters