Module 41

Question 1

social psych

Answer 1

study of how we think about, influence, and react to one another; why the same person acts diff in diff situations and why diff ppl act diff

Question 2

attribution theory

Answer 2

Heider; behavior can be attributed to person’s traits or to the situation; decisions arise from judgements of consistency, consensus, and distinctiveness of the behavior

Question 3

dispositional attribution

Answer 3

behavior attributed to person’s traits

Question 4

situational attribution

Answer 4

behavior attributed to the situation

Question 5

fundamental attribution error

Answer 5

overestimated influence of personality and underestimated influence of situations as factors that affect behavior

Question 6

factors that affect attributions

Answer 6

culture, who the attribution is about, behavior, age

Question 7

actor-observer diff

Answer 7

we are sensitive to how our own behavior changes with the situation and sensitive to situations when we’ve seen people in multiple contexts; more attributions to personality with strangers (who act poorly)

Question 8

attitudes

Answer 8

feelings, influenced by beliefs, that predispose our reactions to objects, people, and events

Question 9

persuasion

Answer 9

take into account what audience beliefves, who they trust, and what they value; ethos, pathos, and logos; tries to influence behavior by changing attitudes

Question 10

peripheral route persuasion

Answer 10

uses attention-getting cues (fame, attractiveness) to trigger emotion-based, fast judgements

Question 11

central route persuasion

Answer 11

offers evidence and arguments that trigger careful thinking; works well for people who are naturally analytically or involved in the issue; more durable

Question 12

when are attitudes likely to affect behavior

Answer 12

external influences and social pressures are low; attitude is stable, specific to the behavior, and easily recalled

Question 13

foot-in-the-door phenomenon

Answer 13

tendency for people who have first agreed to small requests to comply later with a biggerrequest; doing becomes believing; has helped increase charitable contributions, blood donations, and US educational desegregation

Question 14

role

Answer 14

a social position that has a set of expectations about it, defining how people in said position should behave; when in new role, behaviors may feel fake (role-playing) but will eventually become reality; some people can resist being modeled into a role; military officers are trained this way (to become more intense/aggressive to adopt into their role better)

Question 15

cognitive dissonance

Answer 15

tension when we become aware that our attitudes and actions don’t coincide

Question 16

cognitive dissonance theory

Answer 16

Festinger; we act to decrease cognitive dissonance, sometimes by changing attitudes to align with our actions; the less persuaded and more responsible we feel for a troubling act = more dissonance = more motivation to find and project consistency and more likely to change attitudes