Module 24 Flashcards

1
Q

semantic mem

A

facts/gen knowledge; explicit

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2
Q

episodic mem

A

experienced events; explicit

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3
Q

storage of explicit mem

A

hippocampus (save button/storage dock) and frontal lobes; L frontal lobe = #s, lang, etc; R frontal lobe = visual scenes; L hippocampus = verbal info; R hippocampus = visual designs and locations; other parts of hippocampus = learning social info, spatial mnemonics, and spatial mem

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4
Q

mem consolidation

A

neural storage of long term mem via processing in hippocampus; sleep increases; usually takes 10 sec; interruptions only wipe out very recent memories bc working mem had no time to consolidate mem to long term

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5
Q

stoage of implicit mem

A

cerebellum = classical conditioning; basal ganglia = procedural mem for skills and receives info from cortex

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6
Q

how do emotions affect mem processing

A

trigger stress hormones that influence mem formation by making more glucose energy available to fuel brain activity; provokes amygdala to initiate a mem trace that boosts activity in brain’s mem-forming areas

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7
Q

flashbulb mems

A

clear mem of an emotionally significant moment/event; even strengthens recall for relevant, immediately preceding events; makes sense as mem serves to predict future and alert us to potential dangers; includes mem of personal important experiences; produces tunnel vision mem; remains clear bc we recite them; susceptible to error

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8
Q

infantile amnesia causes

A

we can recall skills of early life via implicit mem bc cerebellum and basal ganglia are developed; explicit mem relies largley on lang and hippocampus which aren’t developed before ~4 y/o

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9
Q

learning in slugs

A

causes increase serotonin release and the synapses become more efficient at transmitting signals; can double # of synapses

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10
Q

long term potentiation (LTP)

A

increase in a cell’s firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation; neural basis for learning and mem (in humans); due to increases in sensitivity and interneuronal connections

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11
Q

proof of LTP

A

drugs that block LTP impair learning, drugs that mimic what happens during learning increase LTP, and drugs that increase LTP improve learning and performance on subsequent tasks

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12
Q

electroconvulsive therapy

A

intentional seizures via small electric currents; treats major depression and bipolar disorder; demonstrates mem consolidation and loss of mem right before such an interruption

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13
Q

mem altering drugs

A

target Alzheimer’s, mild cog impairment, age-related mental decline, and mem-blocking drugs for trauma; increase LTP-enhancer glutamate and CREB production (protein and LTP enhancer that increases production of other proteins tat reshape synapses and consolidate)

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14
Q

retrieval cues

A

other info assocaited with a mem, such as surroundings, mood, seating position, etc. (usually visual); more cues allow for better remembrance

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15
Q

priming

A

activation, often unconsciously, of particular mem associations; William James; causes us to interpret things in a certain way and can influence behavior

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16
Q

context dependent mem (encoding specificity principle)

A

putting self back in context where you experienced something can prime (increase) retrieval; in a different context, can cause confusion with retrieval; context clues are most effective in increasing retrieval

17
Q

state dependent mem

A

what we learn in one state may be more easily recalled in that same state

18
Q

mood congruent mem

A

tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one’s current mood; can cause people in a good mood to recall things with rose colored glasses (esp things about themselves); interpret reality based on own mood; explains why moods persist - think of more happy/sad events

19
Q

serial position effect

A

tendency to recall best the first and last items in a list

20
Q

primacy effect

A

more time rehearsing first items in a list, so increased recall; over time, primacy effect persists more

21
Q

recency effect

A

last items in a list are still in working mem; so increased recall