Module 24 Flashcards
semantic mem
facts/gen knowledge; explicit
episodic mem
experienced events; explicit
storage of explicit mem
hippocampus (save button/storage dock) and frontal lobes; L frontal lobe = #s, lang, etc; R frontal lobe = visual scenes; L hippocampus = verbal info; R hippocampus = visual designs and locations; other parts of hippocampus = learning social info, spatial mnemonics, and spatial mem
mem consolidation
neural storage of long term mem via processing in hippocampus; sleep increases; usually takes 10 sec; interruptions only wipe out very recent memories bc working mem had no time to consolidate mem to long term
stoage of implicit mem
cerebellum = classical conditioning; basal ganglia = procedural mem for skills and receives info from cortex
how do emotions affect mem processing
trigger stress hormones that influence mem formation by making more glucose energy available to fuel brain activity; provokes amygdala to initiate a mem trace that boosts activity in brain’s mem-forming areas
flashbulb mems
clear mem of an emotionally significant moment/event; even strengthens recall for relevant, immediately preceding events; makes sense as mem serves to predict future and alert us to potential dangers; includes mem of personal important experiences; produces tunnel vision mem; remains clear bc we recite them; susceptible to error
infantile amnesia causes
we can recall skills of early life via implicit mem bc cerebellum and basal ganglia are developed; explicit mem relies largley on lang and hippocampus which aren’t developed before ~4 y/o
learning in slugs
causes increase serotonin release and the synapses become more efficient at transmitting signals; can double # of synapses
long term potentiation (LTP)
increase in a cell’s firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation; neural basis for learning and mem (in humans); due to increases in sensitivity and interneuronal connections
proof of LTP
drugs that block LTP impair learning, drugs that mimic what happens during learning increase LTP, and drugs that increase LTP improve learning and performance on subsequent tasks
electroconvulsive therapy
intentional seizures via small electric currents; treats major depression and bipolar disorder; demonstrates mem consolidation and loss of mem right before such an interruption
mem altering drugs
target Alzheimer’s, mild cog impairment, age-related mental decline, and mem-blocking drugs for trauma; increase LTP-enhancer glutamate and CREB production (protein and LTP enhancer that increases production of other proteins tat reshape synapses and consolidate)
retrieval cues
other info assocaited with a mem, such as surroundings, mood, seating position, etc. (usually visual); more cues allow for better remembrance
priming
activation, often unconsciously, of particular mem associations; William James; causes us to interpret things in a certain way and can influence behavior
context dependent mem (encoding specificity principle)
putting self back in context where you experienced something can prime (increase) retrieval; in a different context, can cause confusion with retrieval; context clues are most effective in increasing retrieval
state dependent mem
what we learn in one state may be more easily recalled in that same state
mood congruent mem
tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one’s current mood; can cause people in a good mood to recall things with rose colored glasses (esp things about themselves); interpret reality based on own mood; explains why moods persist - think of more happy/sad events
serial position effect
tendency to recall best the first and last items in a list
primacy effect
more time rehearsing first items in a list, so increased recall; over time, primacy effect persists more
recency effect
last items in a list are still in working mem; so increased recall
