Module 38

Question 1

most basic emotions (6)

Answer 1

happiness, sadness, disgust, surprise, anger, fear

Question 2

Izard’s basic emotions (10)

Answer 2

joy, interest-excitement, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, fear, shame, guilt; all others are combos of these

Question 3

causes of anger

Answer 3

someone’s perceived misdeeds, esp when person’s act seems willful, unjustified, and avoidance; small hassles and blameless annoyances

Question 4

physical results of anger

Answer 4

heart disease, increased heart rate, sweating, increased testosterone levels

Question 5

how do girls manage emotions

Answer 5

talk with friends, listen to music, write

Question 6

how do boys manage emotions

Answer 6

walk away, work out

Question 7

catharsis

Answer 7

idea that releasing aggressive energy (venting) releases aggressive urges; more common in individualist cultures; can be temporarily calming but usually fails to fully rid rage and may cause increased anger and the escalation of the issue; can be habit-forming

Question 8

healthy strategies to reduce anger

Answer 8

wait, find healthy distraction/support, distance self; usually, confrontation involves assertive actions, non-accusing statements, and reconciliation

Question 9

forgiveness

Answer 9

can decrease anger; increase bloodflow to brain regions that help people understand their own emotions and make socially appropriate decisions

Question 10

happiness

Answer 10

engaged, pleasant, and meaningful life; 84% of Americans report

Question 11

happy college students

Answer 11

more likely to marry and make more $; relationships, self-image, and hopes are more promising

Question 12

feel-good do-good phenomenon

Answer 12

people’s tendency to do good deeds while in a good mood

Question 13

do-good feel-good phenomenon

Answer 13

people’s tendency to be in a good mood after doing good deeds

Question 14

adaptive level phenomenon

Answer 14

tendency to form judgments relative to a neutral level defined by prior experience; happiness is relative to our own experience; people eventually adapt to even high levels of happiness

Question 15

relative deprivation

Answer 15

perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself; happiness is relative to others’ success; ppl mostly envy ppl in their own (income) class; to decrease, show gratitude for personal blessings

Question 16

happy people tend to:

Answer 16

high self-esteem (ind. cultures); optimisic, outgoing, and agreeable; close, pos, lasting relationships; work and leisure that engage their skills; active religious faith; sleep well and exercise

Question 17

predictors of happiness set point

Answer 17

genes (heritability = 36%); personal history; culture; nature and nurture

Question 18

happiness set point

Answer 18

level happiness fluctuates around; adopted kids’ are closer to their biological parents

Question 19

how to change happiness set point

Answer 19

take control of time and set daily goals/aims; act happy; seek work and leisure that engage skills; buy shared experiences vs things; exercise; sleep; prioritize close relationships; focus beyond self; record and practice gratitude; nurture spiritual self

Question 20

humanistic psych

Answer 20

interested in advancing human fulfillment

Question 21

positive psych

Answer 21

Segilman; using scientific methods to study human flourishing; goal is to discover and promote strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities thrive

Question 22

subjective well-being

Answer 22

self-perceived happiness or satisfying with life; used with measures of objective well-being to eval people’s quality of life

Question 23

positive well-being

Answer 23

satisfaction with past, happiness with present, and optimism about future

Question 24

positive character

Answer 24

exploring and enhancing creativity, courage, compassion, integrity, self-control, leadership, wisdom, spirituality

Question 25

positive groups, communities, and cultures

Answer 25

foster positive social ecology