Module 51

Question 1

schizophrenia

Answer 1

disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, diminished/inappropriate emotional expression; split mind (split from reality); psychotic disorder; can have social impact; live in an “inner world”

Question 2

psychotic disorder

Answer 2

group of disorders that are marked by irrational ideas, distorted perceptions, and loss of contact with reality

Question 3

positive symptoms

Answer 3

inappropriate behaviors are present

Question 4

negative symptoms

Answer 4

appropriate behaviors are absent

Question 5

delusions

Answer 5

false beliefs, often of grandeur and persecution; may be a breakdown in selective attention - easily distracted by tiny, irrelevant info; paranoia if persecution

Question 6

hallucinations

Answer 6

sense things that only exist in their mind; visual and tactile (feeling); false perceptions

Question 7

word salad

Answer 7

jumbled ideas that make no sense, even within sentences

Question 8

flat affect

Answer 8

emotionless state of no apparent feeling

Question 9

catatonia

Answer 9

motor behaviors ranging from motionless to compulsive actions

Question 10

schizophrenia prognosis

Answer 10

~20 y/o; more common, severe, and earlier in men and they experience more negative and chronic schizophrenia

Question 11

chronic (process) schizophrenia

Answer 11

symptoms usually develop by late adolescence/early adulthood; with age, psychotic episodes increase and recovery periods decrease; often features social withdrawal

Question 12

acute (reactive) schizophrenia

Answer 12

can begin at any age; frequently occurs in response to an emotionally traumatic event; better chance at recovery; more positive symptoms that can be treated with drugs

Question 13

brain abnormalities with schizophrenia

Answer 13

dopamine (and glutamate) overactivity - positive symptoms; less activity in frontal lobes; enlarged fluid-filled ventricles; less gray matter; thin and less cerebral tissue; loss of neural connections across brain network; smaller brains areas; increased activity in amygdala during delusions and thalamus during hallucinations

Question 14

prenatal environmental risks with schizophrenia

Answer 14

low birth weight; maternal diabetes; older parental age; oxygen deprivation during delivery; famine/poverty - nutritional deficiency; viral infection during pregnancy

Question 15

genetic factors with schizophrenia

Answer 15

103 genome locations linked, some influence dopamine and some influence myelin; epigenetic factors also influence

Question 16

environmental factors (not including prenatal environment) with schizophrenia

Answer 16

separation from parents; poor peer relationships/solo play; childhood physical, emotional, or social abuse; severe stress in adolescence or early adulthood