microcytic anemias Flashcards
percent of sample occupied by red cells
hematocrit
mean amount of vol contained in RBC
mean corpuscular vol
amt of hemoglobin (mass) per RBC
mean corpuscular hemoglobin
ration of amt of hemoglobin in average cell to the amt of vol
mean corpuscular HgB concentration
MCV is mainly used to classify
anemias
microcytic anemias usually due to
decreased hemoglobin in red cells
hemoglobin components
- globin chains
- protoporphyrin
- iron
heme iron is found in
meats, easily abs
non heme iron
absorbed in Fe2+ state, aided by vit C
uptake of iron to plasma regulated by
enterocytes
iron transporter
ferroportin
iron transport protein
transferrin
iron storage protein
ferritin
what happened to transferrin when iron stores are low
increased
total iron binding capacity
amt of transferrin in serum
serum ferritin
amt of storage iron
iron def can be seen in
babies
adult or post-menopausal female with iron def must have work up for
colon cancer
__ can also be a cause of iron def
preg
pregnancy and OCPs can increase
plasma transferrin
how to diagnose iron def in pt with OCPs or preg
low ferritin
rare causes of iron def
hookworms & Plummer vinson syndrome
summary of iron def
decreased serum iron
decreased ferritin
increased transferrin
decreased saturation
iron def produces what kind of anemia
microcytic hypochromic anemia
red cell distribution width in iron def
increased
erythrocyte protophorphyrin level in iron def
elevated
iron def anemia treatment
iron supplementation
anemia of chronic disease is associated with
inflammation
anemia of chronic disease is triggered by
cytokines
anemia of chronic disease has lack of availability of
iron
key mediator in anemia of chronic disease
hepcidin
hepcidin is a
acute phase protein
hepcidin affects
iron metabolism
hepcidin binds to
ferroportin in enterocytes and iron becomes trapped in cells
key finding in anemia of chronic disease
increased ferritin
diagnosis of anemia of chronic disease diagnosis
serum iron is low
ferritin increased
TIBC is decreased
saturation is normal
lead poisoning inhibits
heme synthesis
lead poisoning leads to build up of
delta ALA and protoporphyrin
blood smear of lead poisoning
basophilic stippling due to accumulation of pyrimidines in RBCs
lead poisoning sxs
abd pain, lead lines, foot drop
children with lead poisoning may have
behavioral issues
drugs for lead poisoning
dimercaprol
calcium disodium EDTA
DMSA
sideroblast
red blood cell precursor
sideroblastic anemia is due to
failure to make protoporphyrin leading to iron accumulation in mitochondria
sideroblastic anemia is usually secondary due to
toxin
x linked sideroblastic anemia causes
def of ALA synthase
x linked sideroblastic anemia can be treated with
vit B6
lab findings in sideroblastic anemia
low erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels
