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acute leukemia Flashcards

1
Q

a leukemia is a malignant proliferation of

A

white blood cells

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2
Q

what is increased in leukemia

A

WBCs

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3
Q

characteristics of acute leukemia

A

rapid onset of sxs and involves blasts in bone marrow

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4
Q

characteristics of chronic leukemia

A

slower onset of sxs and malignant cells are not blasts

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5
Q

acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a disease of

A

children

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6
Q

ALL sxs

A

fever, bone pain, HA, vomiting

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7
Q

what is seen in the peripheral blood in ALL

A

lymphoblasts

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8
Q

typical B cell markers

A

CD19, CD20, & CD21

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9
Q

immature B cell markers

A

CD10 and TdT+

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10
Q

immature T cell markers

A

CD2, CD3, CD5, CD7, TdT+

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11
Q

sanctuary sites in ALL

A

testes & central nervous system

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12
Q

common mutation in adults with ALL

A

philadelphia chromosome (t9;22)

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13
Q

common mutation in children with ALL

A

t(12;21)

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14
Q

t(12;21) results in fusion product of

A

TEL-AML1

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15
Q

TEL-AML1 impairs differentiation of

A

blasts

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16
Q

T cell ALL is common in

A

adolescent males

17
Q

T cell ALL presents as

A

mediastinal mass

18
Q

tumor compression in T cell ALL may cause

A

superior vena cava syndrome or tracheal obstruction

19
Q

markers in T cell ALL

A

CD7+

20
Q

acute myelogenous leukemia is malignancy of

A

myeloblasts

21
Q

acute myelogenous leukemia results in symptoms from

A

bone marrow suppression

22
Q

acute myelogenous leukemia on peripheral blood smear

A

auer rods

23
Q

auer rods are a accumulation of

A

MPO

24
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia is defined by

A

t(15;17)

25
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia creates a fusion of

A

promyelocytic leukemia gene and retinoic acid receptor

26
Q

in acute promyelocytic leukemia abnormal retinoic acid receptor prevents

A

normal maturation of promyelocytes

27
Q

treatment for abnormal retinoic acid receptor

A

all trans retinoic acid (a form of vit A)

28
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia can result in DIC due to

A

release of MPO

29
Q

myelodysplasia is due to

A

abnormal myeloid progenitor cells

30
Q

myelodysplasia leads to ineffective

A

hematopoiesis

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