hypersensitivity

Question 1

immune response that causes disease

Answer 1

hypersensitivity

Question 2

subtype of hypersensitivity

Answer 2

allergic reactions

Question 3

first contact with antigen

Answer 3

sensitizes (generation of immune response)

Question 4

second contact =

Answer 4

hypersensitivity

Question 5

sxs are from

Answer 5

overreaction of immune sys

Question 6

type 1

Answer 6

immediate reactions to antigen due to preformed IgE

Question 7

in type 1, antibodies are bound to mast cells then antigen binds are cross links IgE leading to

Answer 7

mast cell degranulation

Question 8

key cytokine for IgE production

Answer 8

IL-4

Question 9

IgE does not activate

Answer 9

complement

Question 10

type I sxs

Answer 10

urticaria (hives)
runny nose
wheezing
conjunctivitis
diarrhea

Question 11

anaphylaxis is a

Answer 11

type I hypersensitivity rxn

Question 12

genetic predisposition to localized hypersensitivity

Answer 12

atopy

Question 13

type 1 examples

Answer 13

asthma
penicillin drug allergy
seasonal allergies

Question 14

type I early sxs

Answer 14

occur in mins
degranulation
edema, redness, itching

Question 15

type I late sxs

Answer 15

around 6hrs
synthesis/ release of cytokines
influx of inflammatory cells
induration

Question 16

histamine role

Answer 16

vasodilation
increased permeability
smooth m contraction

Question 17

PGE2 role

Answer 17

vasodilation
edema
fever
pain

Question 18

PGD2 role

Answer 18

bronchoconstriction
eosinophil infiltration

Question 19

LTC4/LTD4

Answer 19

vasoconstriction
bronchoconstriction

Question 20

LTB4

Answer 20

neurotrophic/eosinophil chemotaxis

Question 21

serotonin causes

Answer 21

vasodilation

Question 22

platelet activating factor causes

Answer 22

bronchoconstriction

Question 23

ECF-A attracts

Answer 23

eosinophils

Question 24

desensitization changes IgE to

Answer 24

IgG

Question 25

type II

Answer 25

antibodies directed against tissue antigens

Question 26

3 mechs of tissue damage in type II

Answer 26

1. phagocytosis
2. complement mediated lysis
3. antibody-dependent cytotoxicity

Question 27

antibody dependent cell mediated cytoxicity =

Answer 27

natural killer cells bind Fc portion of IgG

Question 28

type II examples

Answer 28

rheumatic fever, exposure to wrong blood type, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, myasthenia gravis

Question 29

type III hypersensitivity

Answer 29

antigen-antibody (IgG) complex form and activate complement

Question 30

2 types of type III

Answer 30

1. serum sickness
2. arthus reaction

Question 31

serum sickness =

Answer 31

immune complexes in plasma deposit in various tissues and trigger immune response

Question 32

serum sickness sxs

Answer 32

palpable purpura
low serum complement levels
elevated sedimentation rate
diffuse lymphadenopathy

Question 33

classic serum sickness examples

Answer 33

rabies anti toxin
monoclonal antibodies
SLE

Question 34

Arthur reaction

Answer 34

local tissue reaction due to injection of antigen, preformed antibodies in plasma/tissue bind antigen and form immune complexes

Question 35

Arthur reaction leads to

Answer 35

complement activation, edema, necrosis

Question 36

Arthur reaction examples

Answer 36

tetanus booster, insulin

Question 37

type IV

Answer 37

cell mediated reaction from memory T cells initiating immune response