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***Medical Lab science review- Robert Harr 4th > Micro-Specimen Collection, Media, and Methods > Flashcards

Micro-Specimen Collection, Media, and Methods Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q
  1. The aseptic collection of blood cultures requires
    that the skin be cleansed with:
    A. 2% iodine and then 70% alcohol solution
    B. 70% alcohol and then 2% iodine or an
    iodophor
    C. 70% alcohol and then 95% alcohol
    D. 95% alcohol only
A

B. 70% alcohol and then 2% iodine or an
iodophor

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2
Q
  1. When cleansing the skin with alcohol and then
    iodine for the collection of a blood culture, the
    iodine (or iodophor) should remain intact on
    the skin for at least:
    A. 10 sec
    B. 30 sec
    C. 60 sec
    D. 5 min
A

C. 60 sec

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3
Q
  1. What is the purpose of adding 0.025%–0.050%
    sodium polyanetholsulfonate (SPS) to nutrient
    broth media for the collection of blood cultures?
    A. It inhibits phagocytosis and complement
    B. It promotes formation of a blood clot
    C. It enhances growth of anaerobes
    D. It functions as a preservative
A

A. It inhibits phagocytosis and complement

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4
Q
  1. A flexible calcium alginate nasopharyngeal swab
    is the collection device of choice for recovery of
    which organism from the nasopharynx?
    A. Staphylococcus aureus
    B. Streptococcus pneumoniae
    C. Corynebacterium diphtheriae
    D. Bacteroides fragilis
A

C. Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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5
Q
  1. Semisolid transport media such as Amies, Stuart,
    or Cary–Blair are suitable for the transport of
    swabs for culture of most pathogens except:
    A. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    B. Enterobacteriaceae
    C. Campylobacter fetus
    D. Streptococcus pneumoniae
A

A. Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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6
Q
  1. Select the method of choice for recovery of
    anaerobic bacteria from a deep abscess.
    A. Cotton fiber swab of the abscess area
    B. Skin snip of the surface tissue
    C. Needle aspirate after surface decontamination
    D. Swab of the scalpel used for débridement
A

C. Needle aspirate after surface decontamination

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7
Q
  1. Select the primary and differential media of choice
    for recovery of most fecal pathogens.
    A. MacConkey, blood, birdseed, and Campylobacter
    (Campy) agars
    B. Hektoen, MacConkey, Campy, colistin–nalidixic
    acid (CNA) agars
    C. CNA and Christensen urea agars and
    thioglycollate media
    D. Blood, Campy, Mueller–Hinton agars,
    and thioglycollate media
A

B. Hektoen, MacConkey, Campy, colistin–nalidixic
acid (CNA) agars

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8
Q
  1. Select the media of choice for recovery of Vibrio
    cholerae from a stool specimen.
    A. MacConkey agar and thioglycollate media
    B. Thiosulfate–citrate–bile–sucrose (TCBS) agar
    and alkaline peptone water (APW) broth
    C. Blood agar and selenite-F (SEL) broth
    D. CNA agar
A

B. Thiosulfate–citrate–bile–sucrose (TCBS) agar
and alkaline peptone water (APW) broth

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9
Q
  1. Colistin–nalidixic acid agar (CNA) is used
    primarily for the recovery of:
    A. Neisseria species
    B. Enterobacteriaceae
    C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    D. Staphylococcus aureus
A

D. Staphylococcus aureus

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10
Q
  1. In the United States, most blood agar plates
    are prepared with 5% or 10% red blood cells
    (RBCs) obtained from:
    A. Sheep
    B. Horses
    C. Humans
    D. Dogs
A

A. Sheep

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11
Q
  1. All of the following are appropriate when
    attempting to isolate N. gonorrhoeae from a
    genital specimen except:
    A. Transport the genital swab in charcoal transport
    medium
    B. Plate the specimen on modified Thayer–Martin
    (MTM) medium
    C. Plate the specimen on New York City or
    Martin–Lewis agar
    D. Culture specimens in ambient oxygen at 37°C
A

D. Culture specimens in ambient oxygen at 37°C

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12
Q
  1. Chocolate agar and modified Thayer–Martin agar
    are used for the recovery of:
    A. Haemophilus spp. and Neisseria spp., respectively
    B. Haemophilus spp. and N. gonorrhoeae,
    respectively
    C. Neisseria spp. and Streptococcus spp., respectively
    D. Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp.,
    respectively
A

B. Haemophilus spp. and N. gonorrhoeae,
respectively

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13
Q
  1. Cycloserine–cefoxitin-fructose agar (CCFA) is
    used for the recovery of:
    A. Yersinia enterocolitica
    B. Yersinia intermedia
    C. Clostridium perfringens
    D. Clostridium difficile
A

D. Clostridium difficile

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14
Q
  1. Deoxycholate agar (DCA) is useful for the
    isolation of:
    A. Enterobacteriaceae
    B. Enterococcus spp.
    C. Staphylococcus spp.
    D. Neisseria spp.
A

A. Enterobacteriaceae

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15
Q
  1. Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar is a highly
    selective medium used for the recovery of which
    bacteria?
    A. Staphylococcus spp. from normal flora
    B. Yersinia spp. that do not grow on Hektoen agar
    C. Enterobacteriaceae from gastrointestinal
    specimens
    D. Streptococcus spp. from stool cultures
A

C. Enterobacteriaceae from gastrointestinal
specimens

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16
Q
  1. A sheep blood agar plate is used as a primary
    isolation medium when all of the following
    organisms are to be recovered from a wound
    specimen except:
    A. β-Hemolytic streptococci and coagulase-positive
    staphylococci
    B. Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus
    parainfluenzae
    C. Proteus spp. and Escherichia coli
    D. Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp.
A

B. Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus
parainfluenzae

17
Q
  1. Prereduced and vitamin K1-supplemented blood
    agar plates are recommended isolation media for:
    A. Mycobacterium marinum and Mycobacterium
    avium intracellulare
    B. Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, and Clostridium spp.
    C. Proteus spp.
    D. Enterococcus spp.
A

B. Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, and Clostridium spp.

18
Q
  1. Which procedure is appropriate for culture
    of genital specimens in order to recover
    Chlamydia spp.?
    A. Inoculate cycloheximide-treated McCoy cells
    B. Plate onto blood and chocolate agar
    C. Inoculate into thioglycollate (THIO) broth
    D. Plate onto modified Thayer–Martin agar within
    24 hours
A

A. Inoculate cycloheximide-treated McCoy cells

19
Q
  1. Specimens for virus culture should be transported
    in media containing:
    A. Antibiotics and 5% sheep blood
    B. Saline and 5% sheep blood
    C. 22% bovine albumin
    D. Antibiotics and nutrient
A

D. Antibiotics and nutrient

20
Q
  1. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) should be cultured
    immediately, but if delayed the specimen
    should be:
    A. Refrigerated at 4°C to 6°C
    B. Frozen at –20°C
    C. Stored at room temperature for no longer
    than 24 hours
    D. Incubated at 37°C and cultured as soon as
    possible
A

D. Incubated at 37°C and cultured as soon as
possible

21
Q
  1. The most sensitive method for the detection
    of β-lactamase in bacteria is by the use of:
    A. Chromogenic cephalosporin
    B. Penicillin
    C. Oxidase
    D. Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
A

A. Chromogenic

22
Q
  1. The breakpoint of an antimicrobial drug refers to:
    A. The amount needed to cause bacteriostasis
    B. A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of
    16 μg/mL or greater
    C. A MIC of 64 μg/mL or greater
    D. The level of drug that is achievable in serum
A

D. The level of drug that is achievable in serum

23
Q
  1. Which of the following variables may change the
    results of an MIC?
    A. Inoculum size
    B. Incubation time
    C. Growth rate of the bacteria
    D. All of these options
A

D. All of these options

24
Q
  1. According to the Kirby–Bauer standard
    antimicrobial susceptibility testing method,
    what should be done when interpreting the zone
    size of a motile, swarming organism such as a
    Proteus species?
    A. The swarming area should be ignored
    B. The results of the disk diffusion method are
    invalid
    C. The swarming area should be measured as the
    growth boundary
    D. The isolate should be retested after diluting to a
    0.05 McFarland standard
A

A. The swarming area should be ignored

25
Q
  1. Which class of antibiotics is used for the treatment
    of serious gram-negative infections as well as
    infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
    A. Cephalosporins
    B. Penicillins
    C. Tetracyclines
    D. Aminoglycosides
A

D. Aminoglycosides

26
Q
  1. Select the medium best suited for the recovery
    of Yersinia enterocolitica from a patient with
    gastroenteritis.
    A. Hektoen agar
    B. Cefsulodin–Irgasan–Novobiocin (CIN) agar
    C. Blood agar
    D. Eosinmethylene blue agar
A

B. Cefsulodin–Irgasan–Novobiocin (CIN) agar

27
Q
  1. A suspected case of plague requires which of the
    following procedures in order to confirm Yersinia
    pestis?
    A. Collection of multiple sets of blood cultures
    B. Incubation of blood cultures at both 28°C
    and 35°C
    C. Culture aspirates from bubos to MacConkey
    agar at room temperature
    D. All of these options
A

D. All of these options

28
Q
  1. SITUATION: Abdominal pain, fever, vomiting,
    and nausea prompted an elderly male to seek
    medical attention. A watery stool specimen
    producing no fecal leukocytes or erythrocytes
    was cultured and grew a predominance of
    gram-negative fermentative bacilli. The colonies
    were beta-hemolytic on blood agar and cream
    colored on MacConkey agar. The colonies were
    both oxidase and catalase positive. What is the
    most likely identification?
    A. Aeromonas hydrophilia
    B. Escherichia coli
    C. Salmonella spp.
    D. Shigella spp.
A

A. Aeromonas hydrophilia

29
Q
  1. SITUATION: Several attendees of a medical
    conference in the Gulf coast area became ill after
    frequenting a seafood restaurant. A presumptive
    identification of Vibrio cholera was made after
    stool specimens from several subjects grew clear
    colonies on MacConkey agar and yellow colonies
    on TCBS agar. Which key tests would help
    eliminate Aeromonas and Plesiomonas spp.?
    A. Mannitol fermentation, Na+ requirement
    B. Oxidase, motility
    C. Oxidase, nitrate
    D. Hemolysis on blood agar, catalase
A

A. Mannitol fermentation, Na+ requirement

30
Q
  1. SITUATION: A group of elementary students
    became ill after eating undercooked ground beef
    prepared in the school cafeteria. The suspected
    pathogen, E. coli serotype 0157:H7, is usually
    recovered using which of the following media?
    A. XLD agar
    B. MacConkey agar
    C. MacConkey agar with sorbitol
    D. Hektoen agar
A

C. MacConkey agar with sorbitol

***Medical Lab science review- Robert Harr 4th (63 decks)

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