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***Medical Lab science review- Robert Harr 4th > Hematology- Acute Leukemias > Flashcards

Hematology- Acute Leukemias Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q
  1. Auer rods may be seen in all of the following
    except:
    A. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4)
    B. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    C. Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation (M1)
    D. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
A

B. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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2
Q
  1. Which type of anemia is usually present in a
    patient with acute leukemia?
    A. Microcytic, hyperchromic
    B. Microcytic, hypochromic
    C. Normocytic, normochromic
    D. Macrocytic, normochromic
A

C. Normocytic, normochromic

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3
Q
  1. In leukemia, which term describes a peripheral
    blood finding of leukocytosis with a shift to the
    left, accompanied by nucleated red cells?
    A. Myelophthisis
    B. Dysplasia
    C. Leukoerythroblastosis
    D. Megaloblastosis
A

C. Leukoerythroblastosis

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4
Q
  1. The basic pathophysiological mechanisms
    responsible for producing signs and symptoms in
    leukemia include all of the following except:
    A. Replacement of normal marrow precursors by
    leukemic cells causing anemia
    B. Decrease in functional leukocytes causing
    infection
    C. Hemorrhage secondary to thrombocytopenia
    D. Decreased erythropoietin production
A

D. Decreased erythropoietin production

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5
Q
  1. Which type of acute myeloid leukemia is called
    the true monocytic leukemia and follows an acute
    or subacute course characterized by monoblasts,
    promonocytes, and monocytes?
    A. Acute myeloid leukemia, minimally differentiated
    B. Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation
    C. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia
    D. Acute monocytic leukemia
A

D. Acute monocytic leukemia

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6
Q
  1. In which age group does acute lymphoblastic
    leukemia occur with the highest frequency?
    A. 1–15 years
    B. 20–35 years
    C. 45–60 years
    D. 60–75 years
A

A. 1–15 years

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7
Q
  1. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is
    most often associated with which of the following
    types of acute leukemia?
    A. Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation
    B. Acute promyelocytic leukemia
    C. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia
    D. Acute monocytic leukemia
A

B. Acute promyelocytic leukemia

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8
Q
  1. An M:E ratio of 10:1 is most often seen in:
    A. Thalassemia
    B. Leukemia
    C. Polycythemia vera
    D. Myelofibrosis
A

B. Leukemia

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9
Q
  1. Which of the following is a characteristic of
    Auer rods?
    A. They are composed of azurophilic granules
    B. They stain periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) positive
    C. They are predominantly seen in chronic
    myelogenous leukemia (CML)
    D. They are nonspecific esterase positive
A

A. They are composed of azurophilic granules

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10
Q
  1. SITUATION: The following laboratory values
    are seen:

WBCs = 6.0 × 109/L
Hgb = 6.0 g/dL
RBCs = 1.90 × 1012/L
Hct = 18.5%
Platelets = 130 × 109/L
Serum vitamin B12 and folic acid: normal

WBC Differential :
- 6% PMNs
- 40% Lymphocytes
- 4% monocytes
- 50% blast

Bone Marrow:
- 40% Myeloblasts
- 60 % Promegaloblasts
- 40 megaloblastoid NRBCs/100 WBCs

These results are most characteristic of:
A. Pernicious anemia
B. Acute myeloid leukemia without maturation
C. Acute erythroid leukemia
D. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia

A

C. Acute erythroid leukemia

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11
Q
  1. A 24-year-old man with Down syndrome presents
    with a fever, pallor, lymphadenopathy, and
    hepatosplenomegaly. His CBC results are as follows:
  • WBCs = 10.8 × 109/L
  • RBCs = 1.56 × 1012/L
  • 8% PMNs
  • Hgb = 3.3 g/dL
  • 25% lymphocytes
  • Hct = 11%
  • 67% PAS-positive blasts
  • Platelets = 2.5 × 109/L

These findings are suggestive of:
A. Hodgkin’s lymphoma
B. Myeloproliferative disorder
C. Leukemoid reaction
D. Acute lymphocytic leukemia

A

D. Acute lymphocytic leukemia

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12
Q
  1. SITUATION: A peripheral smear shows 75%
    blasts. These stain positive for both Sudan Black B
    (SBB) and peroxidase. Given these values, which
    of the following disorders is most likely?
    A. Acute myelocytic leukemia (AML)
    B. CML
    C. Acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL)
    D. Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
A

A. Acute myelocytic leukemia (AML)

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13
Q
  1. In myeloid cells, the stain that selectively identifies
    phospholipid in the membranes of both primary
    and secondary granules is:
    A. PAS
    B. Myeloperoxidase
    C. Sudan Black B stain
    D. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)
A

C. Sudan Black B stain

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14
Q
  1. Sodium fluoride may be added to the naphthyl
    ASD acetate (NASDA) esterase reaction. The
    fluoride is added to inhibit a positive reaction
    with:
    A. Megakaryocytes
    B. Monocytes
    C. Erythrocytes
    D. Granulocytes
A

B. Monocytes

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15
Q
  1. Leukemic lymphoblasts reacting with anti-CALLA
    are characteristically seen in:
    A. B-cell ALL
    B. T-cell ALL
    C. Null-cell ALL
    D. Common ALL
A

D. Common ALL

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16
Q
  1. Which of the following reactions are often positive
    in ALL but are negative in AML?
    A. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and PAS
    B. Chloroacetate esterase and nonspecific esterase
    C. Sudan Black B and peroxidase
    D. New methylene blue and acid phosphatase
A

A. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and PAS

17
Q
  1. A patient’s peripheral blood smear and bone
    marrow both show 70% blasts. These cells are
    negative for Sudan Black B stain. Given these data,
    which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
    A. Acute myeloid leukemia
    B. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    C. Acute promyelocytic leukemia
    D. Acute lymphocytic leukemia
A

D. Acute lymphocytic leukemia

18
Q
  1. Which of the following leukemias are included in
    the 2008 World Health Organization classification
    of myeloproliferative neoplasms?
    A. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
    B. Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL)
    C. Chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL)
    D. All of these options are classified as
    myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN)
A

D. All of these options are classified as
myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN)

19
Q
  1. In addition to morphology, cytochemistry, and
    immunophenotyping, the WHO classification of
    myelo- and lymphoproliferative disorders is based
    upon which characteristic?
    A. Proteomics
    B. Cytogenetic abnormalities
    C. Carbohydrate-associated tumor antigen
    production
    D. Cell signaling and adhesion markers
A

B. Cytogenetic abnormalities

20
Q
  1. The WHO classification requires what percentage
    for the blast count in the blood or bone marrow
    for the diagnosis of AML?
    A. At least 30%
    B. At least 20%
    C. At least 10%
    D. Any percentage
A

B. At least 20%

21
Q
  1. What would be the most likely designation
    by the WHO for the FAB AML M2 by the
    French–American–British classification?
    A. AML with t(15;17)
    B. AML with mixed lineage
    C. AML with t(8;21)
    D. AML with inv(16)
A

C. AML with t(8;21)

22
Q
  1. What would be the most likely designation
    by the WHO for the FAB AML M3 by the
    French–American–British classification?
    A. AML with t(15;17)
    B. AML with mixed lineage
    C. AML with t(8;21)
    D. AML with inv(16)
A

A. AML with t(15;17)

23
Q
  1. Which AML cytogenetic abnormality is associated
    with acute myelomonocytic leukemia with marrow
    eosinophilia under the WHO classification of
    AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities?
    A. AML with t(15;17)
    B. AML with mixed lineage
    C. AML with t(8;21)
    D. AML with inv(16)
A

D. AML with inv(16)

24
Q
  1. What would be the most likely classification
    by the WHO for the FAB AML M7 by the
    French–American–British classification?
    A. Acute myeloid leukemias with recurrent genetic
    abnormalities
    B. Acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage
    dysplasia
    C. Acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise
    categorized
    D. Acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage
A

C. Acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise
categorized

***Medical Lab science review- Robert Harr 4th (63 decks)

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