Hematology- Basic Hematology Concepts and Laboratory Procedures Flashcards
1
Q
- Insufficient centrifugation will result in:
A. A false increase in hematocrit (Hct) value
B. A false decrease in Hct value
C. No effect on Hct value
D. All of these options, depending on the patient
A
A. A false increase in hematocrit (Hct) value
2
Q
- Variation in red cell size observed on the
peripheral smear is described as:
A. Anisocytosis
B. Hypochromia
C. Poikilocytosis
D. Pleocytosis
A
A. Anisocytosis
3
Q
- Which of the following is the preferable site for
bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in an adult?
A. Iliac crest
B. Sternum
C. Tibia
D. Spinous processes of a vertebra
A
A. Iliac crest
4
Q
- Mean cell volume (MCV) is calculated using the
following formula:
A. (Hgb ÷ RBC) × 10
B. (Hct ÷ RBC) × 10
C. (Hct ÷ Hgb) × 100
D. (Hgb ÷ RBC) × 100
A
B. (Hct ÷ RBC) × 10
5
Q
- What term describes the change in shape of
erythrocytes seen on a Wright’s-stained peripheral
blood smear?
A. Poikilocytosis
B. Anisocytosis
C. Hypochromia
D. Polychromasia
A
A. Poikilocytosis
6
Q
- Calculate the mean cell hemoglobin concentration
(MCHC) using the following values:
Hgb: 15 g/dL (150 g/L)
Hct: 47 mL/dL (0.47)
RBC: 4.50 × 106/μL (4.50 ×1012/L)
A. 9.5% (.095)
B. 10.4% (.104)
C. 31.9% (.319)
D. 33.3% (.333)
A
C. 31.9% (.319)
7
Q
- A manual white blood cell (WBC) count was
performed. A total of 36 cells were counted in
all 9-mm2 squares of a Neubauer-ruled
hemacytometer. A 1:10 dilution was used. What
is the WBC count?
A. 0.4 × 109/L
B. 2.5 × 109/L
C. 4.0 × 109/L
D. 8.0 × 109/L
A
A. 0.4 × 109/L
8
Q
- When an erythrocyte containing iron granules is
stained with Prussian blue, the cell is called a:
A. Spherocyte
B. Leptocyte
C. Schistocyte
D. Siderocyte
A
D. Siderocyte
9
Q
- A 7.0-mL ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
tube is received in the laboratory containing only
2.0 mL of blood. If the laboratory is using manual
techniques, which of the following tests will most
likely be erroneous?
A. RBC count
B. Hemoglobin (Hgb)
C. Hct
D. WBC count
A
C. Hct
10
Q
- A 1:200 dilution of a patient’s sample was
made and 336 red cells were counted in an area
of 0.2 mm2. What is the RBC count?
A. 1.68 × 1012/L
B. 3.36 × 1012/L
C. 4.47 × 1012/L
D. 6.66 × 1012/L
A
B. 3.36 × 1012/L
11
Q
- What phagocytic cells produce lysozymes that are
bacteriocidal?
A. Eosinophils
B. Lymphocytes
C. Platelets
D. Neutrophils
A
D. Neutrophils
12
Q
- If a patient has a reticulocyte count of 7% and an
Hct of 20%, what is the corrected reticulocyte
count?
A. 1.4%
B. 3.1%
C. 3.5%
D. 14%
A
B. 3.1%
Retic % X Hct ÷ 45
÷45=average normal Hct
13
Q
- A decreased osmotic fragility test would be
associated with which of the following conditions?
A. Sickle cell anemia
B. Hereditary spherocytosis
C. Hemolytic disease of the newborn
D. Acquired hemolytic anemia
A
A. Sickle cell anemia
14
Q
- What effect would using a buffer at pH 6.0 have
on a Wright’s-stained smear?
A. Red cells would be stained too pink
B. White cell cytoplasm would be stained too blue
C. Red cells would be stained too blue
D. Red cells would lyse on the slide
A
A. Red cells would be stained too pink
15
Q
- Which of the following erythrocyte inclusions can
be visualized with supravital stain but cannot be
detected on a Wright’s-stained blood smear?
A. Basophilic stippling
B. Heinz bodies
C. Howell–Jolly bodies
D. Siderotic granules
A
B. Heinz bodies
16
Q
- A falsely elevated Hct is obtained. Which of the
following calculated values will not be affected?
A. MCV
B. MCH
C. MCHC
D. Red cell distribution width (RDW)
A
B. MCH
17
Q
- A Miller disk is an ocular device used to facilitate
counting of:
A. Platelets
B. Reticulocytes
C. Sickle cells
D. Nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs)
A
B. Reticulocytes
18
Q
- SITUATION: RBC indices obtained on an anemic
patient are as follows:
MCV 88 μm3 (fL);
MCH 30 pg;
MCHC 34% (.340).
The RBCs on the
peripheral smear would appear:
A. Microcytic, hypochromic
B. Microcytic, normochromic
C. Normocytic, normochromic
D. Normocytic, hypochromic
A
C. Normocytic, normochromic
19
Q
- All of the following factors may influence the
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) except:
A. Blood drawn into a sodium citrate tube
B. Anisocytosis, poikilocytosis
C. Plasma proteins
D. Caliber of the tube
A
A. Blood drawn into a sodium citrate tube
20
Q
- What staining method is used most frequently to
stain and manually count reticulocytes?
A. Immunofluorescence
B. Supravital staining
C. Romanowsky staining
D. Cytochemical staining
A
B. Supravital staining
21
Q
- The Coulter principle for counting of cells is based
upon the fact that:
A. Isotonic solutions conduct electricity better than
cells do
B. Conductivity varies proportionally to the number
of cells
C. Cells conduct electricity better than saline does
D. Isotonic solutions cannot conduct electricity
A
A. Isotonic solutions conduct electricity better than
cells do
22
Q
- A correction is necessary for WBC counts when
nucleated RBCs are seen on the peripheral smear
because:
A. The WBC count would be falsely lower
B. The RBC count is too low
C. Nucleated RBCs are counted as leukocytes
D. Nucleated RBCs are confused with giant
platelets
Hematology/E
A
C. Nucleated RBCs are counted as leukocytes
23
Q
- Using an electronic cell counter analyzer, an
increased RDW should correlate with:
A. Spherocytosis
B. Anisocytosis
C. Leukocytosis
D. Presence of NRBCs
A
B. Anisocytosis
24
Q
- Given the following values, which set of red blood
cell indices suggests spherocytosis?
A. MCV 76 μm3 MCH 19.9 pg MCHC 28.5%
B. MCV 90 μm3 MCH 30.5 pg MCHC 32.5%
C. MCV 80 μm3 MCH 36.5 pg MCHC 39.0%
D. MCV 81 μm3 MCH 29.0 pg MCHC 34.8%
A
C. MCV 80 μm3 MCH 36.5 pg MCHC 39.0%
25
Q
- Which of the following statistical terms reflects
the best index of precision when comparing two
CBC parameters?
A. Mean
B. Median
C. Coefficient of variation
D. Standard deviation
A
C. Coefficient of variation
26
Q
- Which of the following is considered a normal
hemoglobin?
A. Carboxyhemoglobin
B. Methemoglobin
C. Sulfhemoglobin
D. Deoxyhemoglobin
A
D. Deoxyhemoglobin
27
Q
- Which condition will shift the oxyhemoglobin
dissociation curve to the right?
A. Acidosis
B. Alkalosis
C. Multiple blood transfusions
D. Increased quantities of hemoglobin S or C
A
A. Acidosis
28
Q
- What is the major type of leukocyte seen in
the peripheral smear of a patient with aplastic
anemia?
A. Segmented neutrophil
B. Lymphocyte
C. Monocyte
D. Eosinophil
A
B. Lymphocyte
29
Q
- What is the normal WBC differential lymphocyte
percentage (range) in the adult population?
A. 5%–10%
B. 10%–20%
C. 20%–44%
D. 50%–70%
A
C. 20%–44%
30
Q
- In which age group would 60% lymphocytes be a
normal finding?
A. 6 months–2 years
B. 4–6 years
C. 11–15 years
D. 40–60 years
A
A. 6 months–2 years
31
Q
- Which of the following results on an automated
differential suggests that a peripheral smear should
be reviewed manually?
A. Segs = 70%
B. Band = 6%
C. Mono = 15%
D. Eos = 2%
A
C. Mono = 15%
32
Q
- Which is the first stage of erythrocytic maturation
in which the cytoplasm is pink due to the
formation of hemoglobin?
A. Reticulocyte
B. Pronormoblast
C. Basophilic normoblast
D. Polychromatic normoblast
A
D. Polychromatic normoblast
33
Q
- Which of the following can shift the hemoglobin
oxygen dissociation curve to the right?
A. Increases in 2,3 DPG
B. Acidosis
C. Hypoxia
D. All of these options
A
D. All of these options
34
Q
- Which of the following Hgb configurations is
characteristic of Hgb H?
A. γ4
B. α2-γ2
C. β4
D. α2-β2
A
C. β4
35
Q
- Autoagglutination of red cells at room temperature
can cause which of the following abnormal test
results?
A. Low RBC count
B. High MCV
C. Low hematocrit
D. All of these options
A
D. All of these options
