male reproductive organ Flashcards
primary reproductive organ that produces immature gametes (spermatozoa)
testis (paired organ)
gametes + fluids
semen
what happens to the testes during the later months of gestation
they descend into the scrotum under the influence of testosterone in optimal temp
entire proces of male gamete- spermatozoan- developemnt
spermatogenesis
twice the number of unique chromosomes
diploids- 2N= 46
are spermatogonia diploid or haploid
diploid
a diploid cell population in male testis that undergo mitosis
spermatogonia
when do spermatogonia undergo mitosis
following puberty and over the male lifespan providing continous supply of cells for gamete developemnt
diploid cell derived by mitosis of spermatogonial progenitor cells
primary spermatocyte
what enters meiosis
primary spermatocyte
a haploid cell (ds) resulting from completion of M1
secondary spermatocyte
haploid cells (SS) resulting from completion of M2
spermatid
haploid gamete that has undegone specialized morphological change by spermatogensis
spermatozoan
what cells are within the seminiferous tubules
sertoli cells
what cells are outside of the seminiferous tubues
leydig cells
where are sertoli cells found
in seminiferous tubules
where does the cell body of sertoli cells span
from the perimeter of the tubule to the lumen/ centre
how are adjacent sertoli cells attatched
by tight jucntions; cell to cell barrier to prevent immune cell mediated reactions against proteins/ antigens unique to spermatogenesis
key functions of sertoli cells
- blood testes barrier like BBB but sertoli cell mediated
-provide nutrients to the developing spermatoxoa
-phagocytic function by engulfing excess cytoplasm shed via spermatid remodellning and any abnormal gamete
-secrete fluid into lumen of tubule to flush immotile sperm to epididymis for maturation
-secrete androgen binding protein to bind testosterone and keep the local concentration very high in tubules
what cells are present bw seminiferous tubules
laydig cells
what cells produce testosterone under influence of LH from anterior pituitary gland
leydig cells
how long does spermatogenesis takw
64 days
process of morphological transformation of round spermatid into specialized form
spermatogenesis
where to spermatozoa complete their maturation
in the epididymis
where are spermatozoa soted and concentrated
in the epididymis
what are the 4 parts of a mature spermatozoan
head- acrosome and nucleus
midpeice- mitocondria
tail/ flagellum- microtubules
optimal temp for spermatogeneiss
2-3 degress celcius lower than body temp
34-35 vs 37
what muscle makes testes hang lower or retract towards abdomen
cremaster muscle
spermatozoa + secretions of accesory sex organs
semen
time to liquefy
60 min
viscosity
overly viscous indicates prostate dysfunction
volume
approx 1.5ml after 5 day abstinence
colour
white/ light yellow
pH
more than 7.1. more acidic is not ideal
concentration
15 mill/ ml
what acts on sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis
testosteron and FSH
negative feedback
T on LH production
inhibin form sertoli cells on FSH
which are paired
testis, epididymis and ductus deferens, bulbourethral gland, seminal vesicle
what component secretes testosterone
testis
what secretes mucus for lubrication
bulbourethral gland
completely surrounds the urethra ta the neck of the bladder
prostate gland
secrete alkaline fluid that nutreizes vaginal secretions
prostate gland
supply fructose to nourish ejaculated sperm
seminal veislce
secrete prostaglandins that stimulate motility and help transport the sperm within male and female
seminal veiscle
provide bulk of semen
seminal vesicle
provide precursors for the clotting of semen
seminal vesicle
empty into the last portion of the ductus deferens one on each side
seminal vesicle
didnt do epidydimis and ducturs or testes from the chart
do it
idindt do secondary sex characteristics
do it