male reproductive organ

Question 1

primary reproductive organ that produces immature gametes (spermatozoa)

Answer 1

testis (paired organ)

Question 2

gametes + fluids

Answer 2

semen

Question 3

what happens to the testes during the later months of gestation

Answer 3

they descend into the scrotum under the influence of testosterone in optimal temp

Question 4

entire proces of male gamete- spermatozoan- developemnt

Answer 4

spermatogenesis

Question 5

twice the number of unique chromosomes

Answer 5

diploids- 2N= 46

Question 6

are spermatogonia diploid or haploid

Answer 6

diploid

Question 7

a diploid cell population in male testis that undergo mitosis

Answer 7

spermatogonia

Question 8

when do spermatogonia undergo mitosis

Answer 8

following puberty and over the male lifespan providing continous supply of cells for gamete developemnt

Question 9

diploid cell derived by mitosis of spermatogonial progenitor cells

Answer 9

primary spermatocyte

Question 10

what enters meiosis

Answer 10

primary spermatocyte

Question 11

a haploid cell (ds) resulting from completion of M1

Answer 11

secondary spermatocyte

Question 12

haploid cells (SS) resulting from completion of M2

Answer 12

spermatid

Question 13

haploid gamete that has undegone specialized morphological change by spermatogensis

Answer 13

spermatozoan

Question 14

what cells are within the seminiferous tubules

Answer 14

sertoli cells

Question 15

what cells are outside of the seminiferous tubues

Answer 15

leydig cells

Question 16

where are sertoli cells found

Answer 16

in seminiferous tubules

Question 17

where does the cell body of sertoli cells span

Answer 17

from the perimeter of the tubule to the lumen/ centre

Question 18

how are adjacent sertoli cells attatched

Answer 18

by tight jucntions; cell to cell barrier to prevent immune cell mediated reactions against proteins/ antigens unique to spermatogenesis

Question 19

key functions of sertoli cells

Answer 19

• blood testes barrier like BBB but sertoli cell mediated
  -provide nutrients to the developing spermatoxoa
  -phagocytic function by engulfing excess cytoplasm shed via spermatid remodellning and any abnormal gamete
  -secrete fluid into lumen of tubule to flush immotile sperm to epididymis for maturation
  -secrete androgen binding protein to bind testosterone and keep the local concentration very high in tubules

Question 20

what cells are present bw seminiferous tubules

Answer 20

laydig cells

Question 21

what cells produce testosterone under influence of LH from anterior pituitary gland

Answer 21

leydig cells

Question 22

how long does spermatogenesis takw

Answer 22

64 days

Question 23

process of morphological transformation of round spermatid into specialized form

Answer 23

spermatogenesis

Question 24

where to spermatozoa complete their maturation

Answer 24

in the epididymis

Question 25

where are spermatozoa soted and concentrated

Answer 25

in the epididymis

Question 26

what are the 4 parts of a mature spermatozoan

Answer 26

head- acrosome and nucleus midpeice- mitocondria tail/ flagellum- microtubules

Question 27

optimal temp for spermatogeneiss

Answer 27

2-3 degress celcius lower than body temp 34-35 vs 37

Question 28

what muscle makes testes hang lower or retract towards abdomen

Answer 28

cremaster muscle

Question 29

spermatozoa + secretions of accesory sex organs

Answer 29

semen

Question 30

time to liquefy

Answer 30

60 min

Question 31

viscosity

Answer 31

overly viscous indicates prostate dysfunction

Question 32

volume

Answer 32

approx 1.5ml after 5 day abstinence

Question 33

colour

Answer 33

white/ light yellow

Question 34

pH

Answer 34

more than 7.1. more acidic is not ideal

Question 35

concentration

Answer 35

15 mill/ ml

Question 36

what acts on sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis

Answer 36

testosteron and FSH

Question 37

negative feedback

Answer 37

T on LH production inhibin form sertoli cells on FSH

Question 38

which are paired

Answer 38

testis, epididymis and ductus deferens, bulbourethral gland, seminal vesicle

Question 39

what component secretes testosterone

Answer 39

testis

Question 40

what secretes mucus for lubrication

Answer 40

bulbourethral gland

Question 41

completely surrounds the urethra ta the neck of the bladder

Answer 41

prostate gland

Question 42

secrete alkaline fluid that nutreizes vaginal secretions

Answer 42

prostate gland

Question 43

supply fructose to nourish ejaculated sperm

Answer 43

seminal veislce

Question 44

secrete prostaglandins that stimulate motility and help transport the sperm within male and female

Answer 44

seminal veiscle

Question 45

provide bulk of semen

Answer 45

seminal vesicle

Question 46

provide precursors for the clotting of semen

Answer 46

seminal vesicle

Question 47

empty into the last portion of the ductus deferens one on each side

Answer 47

seminal vesicle

Question 48

didnt do epidydimis and ducturs or testes from the chart

Answer 48

do it

Question 49

idindt do secondary sex characteristics

Answer 49

do it