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MED 310 > male reproductive organ > Flashcards

male reproductive organ Flashcards

1
Q

primary reproductive organ that produces immature gametes (spermatozoa)

A

testis (paired organ)

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2
Q

gametes + fluids

A

semen

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3
Q

what happens to the testes during the later months of gestation

A

they descend into the scrotum under the influence of testosterone in optimal temp

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4
Q

entire proces of male gamete- spermatozoan- developemnt

A

spermatogenesis

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5
Q

twice the number of unique chromosomes

A

diploids- 2N= 46

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6
Q

are spermatogonia diploid or haploid

A

diploid

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7
Q

a diploid cell population in male testis that undergo mitosis

A

spermatogonia

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8
Q

when do spermatogonia undergo mitosis

A

following puberty and over the male lifespan providing continous supply of cells for gamete developemnt

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9
Q

diploid cell derived by mitosis of spermatogonial progenitor cells

A

primary spermatocyte

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10
Q

what enters meiosis

A

primary spermatocyte

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11
Q

a haploid cell (ds) resulting from completion of M1

A

secondary spermatocyte

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12
Q

haploid cells (SS) resulting from completion of M2

A

spermatid

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13
Q

haploid gamete that has undegone specialized morphological change by spermatogensis

A

spermatozoan

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14
Q

what cells are within the seminiferous tubules

A

sertoli cells

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15
Q

what cells are outside of the seminiferous tubues

A

leydig cells

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16
Q

where are sertoli cells found

A

in seminiferous tubules

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17
Q

where does the cell body of sertoli cells span

A

from the perimeter of the tubule to the lumen/ centre

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18
Q

how are adjacent sertoli cells attatched

A

by tight jucntions; cell to cell barrier to prevent immune cell mediated reactions against proteins/ antigens unique to spermatogenesis

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19
Q

key functions of sertoli cells

A
  • blood testes barrier like BBB but sertoli cell mediated
    -provide nutrients to the developing spermatoxoa
    -phagocytic function by engulfing excess cytoplasm shed via spermatid remodellning and any abnormal gamete
    -secrete fluid into lumen of tubule to flush immotile sperm to epididymis for maturation
    -secrete androgen binding protein to bind testosterone and keep the local concentration very high in tubules
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20
Q

what cells are present bw seminiferous tubules

A

laydig cells

21
Q

what cells produce testosterone under influence of LH from anterior pituitary gland

A

leydig cells

22
Q

how long does spermatogenesis takw

A

64 days

23
Q

process of morphological transformation of round spermatid into specialized form

A

spermatogenesis

24
Q

where to spermatozoa complete their maturation

A

in the epididymis

25
Q

where are spermatozoa soted and concentrated

A

in the epididymis

26
Q

what are the 4 parts of a mature spermatozoan

A

head- acrosome and nucleus
midpeice- mitocondria
tail/ flagellum- microtubules

27
Q

optimal temp for spermatogeneiss

A

2-3 degress celcius lower than body temp
34-35 vs 37

28
Q

what muscle makes testes hang lower or retract towards abdomen

A

cremaster muscle

29
Q

spermatozoa + secretions of accesory sex organs

A

semen

30
Q

time to liquefy

A

60 min

31
Q

viscosity

A

overly viscous indicates prostate dysfunction

32
Q

volume

A

approx 1.5ml after 5 day abstinence

33
Q

colour

A

white/ light yellow

34
Q

pH

A

more than 7.1. more acidic is not ideal

35
Q

concentration

A

15 mill/ ml

36
Q

what acts on sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis

A

testosteron and FSH

37
Q

negative feedback

A

T on LH production
inhibin form sertoli cells on FSH

38
Q

which are paired

A

testis, epididymis and ductus deferens, bulbourethral gland, seminal vesicle

39
Q

what component secretes testosterone

A

testis

40
Q

what secretes mucus for lubrication

A

bulbourethral gland

41
Q

completely surrounds the urethra ta the neck of the bladder

A

prostate gland

42
Q

secrete alkaline fluid that nutreizes vaginal secretions

A

prostate gland

43
Q

supply fructose to nourish ejaculated sperm

A

seminal veislce

44
Q

secrete prostaglandins that stimulate motility and help transport the sperm within male and female

A

seminal veiscle

45
Q

provide bulk of semen

A

seminal vesicle

46
Q

provide precursors for the clotting of semen

A

seminal vesicle

47
Q

empty into the last portion of the ductus deferens one on each side

A

seminal vesicle

48
Q

didnt do epidydimis and ducturs or testes from the chart

A

do it

49
Q

idindt do secondary sex characteristics

A

do it

MED 310 (47 decks)

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