extra Flashcards
how is hormone availability controlled
- secretino
- activation
- bidnding of lipophilic hormones in plasma
- inactivation
is phosphorylatino for peptide or lipid hormones
peptide
when is signal amplification used
in CAMP second messenger systems
where are neurosecretory neuronal cell bodies
in hypothalamus (PVN and SO)
preprooxyphysin and preprovasopressin
the things produced from the large precursor by PVN and SO
what cuases vasocnonstriction in vascular smooth muscle to maintian blood pressure
vasopressin
secretion stimuli for ADH
hyperosmolarity
hypovolemia
low blood pressure in arteries
where are osmoeceptor neurons outside BBB
OVLT and SFO
WHERE are blood volume receptors for ADH
easily stretchable low pressure areas
large veins
heart atria
what does alcohol inhibit
ADH secretion
where do hormones enter circulatino into blood from the brain
hypothalamic- hypophyseal portal system
what do somatotropes produce
growth hormone
what do thyrotropes produce
TSH
what do corticotropes produce
ACTH
what do lactotropes procuce
prolactin
waht do gonadotropes produce
LH and FSH
three classes of homrones
amines
peptide
steroid
what part of the pituitary is hypothalic hypophysela portal system for
anteriro pituitary
where are peptide hormones produced
in rough ER
where are catecholaminse produced
in cytosol
where are thyroid hormones produced
in colloid
wehre are steroid hormones produced
from choleterol stepwise in various compartments
what hormones are stored in secretory granules
peptide
where are catecholamines stored
in choromaffin granules
where are thyroid hormones stored
in colloid
where are lipid hormones stored
not stored but cholesterol is stored in lipid droplets
how are catecholamines transported in the blodo
half bound to plasma proteins
how are thyroid hormones transported in blood
mostly bound to plasma proteins
are are steroid hormones transported in the blodo
mostly bound to plasma proteins
posterior pituitary connection to hypothalamus
hypothalamic posterior pituitary stak
hypophysiotropic hormones
from hypothalamus that inhibit anterior pituitary
PIH/ dopamine
GHIH
what cells secrete releasing and inhibiting hormones from hypothalamsu
neurosecretory neurons in hypothalamus
what does hormone 3 negative feedback onto
hormone 2 and hormone 1
hormones of the adrenal cortex
cortisol
aldosterone
androgen
what are the additional roles of proalctin
fertility regulation and maintenance of immune system
GH and glucose and glycogen
dec glycogen synth
dec glucose use
inc blood glucose
inc glucose uptake by muscles
gluconeogenesis
where is IGF-1 released from
the liver
GH and blood fatty acid
increases it
what has diabetogenic effects
GH
what causes secretion of GH
excersize
stress
dinural rhythm- first two hours of deep sleep
inc blood AA- arginine and leucine
hypoglycemia
low blood FA
ghrelin
GHRH, GH, IGF1 deficiency
pituitary dwarfism
unresponsive GH receptors
larons dwarfism
hypothyroidism bc thyroid permissive for GH
cretinism- poor long bone growth
gene defect for FGF
achondroplasia- impaired bone ossificatin
which hromones are catecholamines
only from adrenal medulla
which hormones are steroid hormones
hormones from adrenal cortex and gonads
