extra Flashcards

1
Q

where is the basal ganglia

A

in the white matter

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2
Q

affects motor control, cognition, emotions, learning

A

basal ganglia

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3
Q

degenration of dopaminergic neurons

A

parkinsons

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4
Q

degenration of caudate nucelus

A

huntingtons

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5
Q

where do cranial nerves originate

A

cerebellum

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6
Q

where is RAS

A

cerebellum

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7
Q

enhances mucsle tone and coordinates skilled movement

A

spinocerebellum

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8
Q

plans and initiates voluntary activity and stores procedural memories

A

cerebrocerebellum

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9
Q

balance and eye moevement

A

vestibulocerebelum

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10
Q

what depresses transmission in reticular formation

A

general anesthetics

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11
Q

where is limbic system

A

surrounds brainstem and not separate structure
ring of forebrain structures

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12
Q

includes portions of cerebral lobes, basal nuclei, thalamus, hypothalamus

A

limbic system

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13
Q

crotical structures of limbic system

A

medial prefrontal cortex
cinguate cortex
medial temporal cortex

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14
Q

what is habituation and sensitization a part of

A

short term memory

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15
Q

where does working memory take place

A

prefrontal cortex

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16
Q

where does info go after the cortexes

A

the angular gysys

17
Q

what does EEG detect

A

depolarization in EPSP and IPSP

18
Q

when is EEG not synchronyzed

A

when awake and RAS is active

19
Q

neural loss of thalamus and hippocampus

A

alxhiemers

20
Q

REM stage

A

paradoxial

21
Q

nREM

A

delta- slow wave

22
Q

ampitude negatively correlated with cortical activity

A

alpha rhythm

23
Q

decreased synch with cortical activity

A

beta rhythm

24
Q

what is decreased in beta activity

A

synch

25
Q

index of cortical inactivity

A

alpha rhythm

26
Q

what happnes to alpha waves when cortically active

A

low amplitude

27
Q

what happnes to brain during sleep

A

brain overall activity does not reduces
it is an active proce

28
Q

eye accomodation sympathetically controlled

A

far focys

29
Q

sympathetic

A

pupil low light

30
Q

when is PDE and transducen present

A

stimlted rhodopsin

31
Q

what do PDE and transducin do

A

degrade cGMP, Ca cant enter bc cGMP not keeping channel open, hyperpolarization, less inhibitory neurotransmitters- removal of inhbition

32
Q

what cells show lateral inhibition in the eye

A

horizontal cells

33
Q

path of visual signals

A

optic nerve- optic chiasm- optic tract- thalamus- occipital lobe

34
Q

where do preganglions synapse for sympathetic

A

trunk- vessles sweat glands
pass to synpase at cervical ganglia, collaterla ganglia, adrenal gland
trunk- sacral splancic nerve to pelvic organs

35
Q

inibitory in heart and bladder

A

M2

36
Q

how many chains of sympathetic ganglion

A

two chains on either side of vertebrae with additional in descending abdominal aorta (celiac and mesentric)

37
Q

parasympathetic pupil

A

constricted