extra 5 Flashcards
what inhibits the avtivity of osteoclasts
calcitonin
name for activated vitamin d3
caltictrol
what does low estrogen cause
higher chance of osteoporosis in menopausal women
canaiculi
is where the bone fluid in the labile pool of ca
what kind of hormone is calcitonin
peptide hormone
what favours resorption
PTH
what increases the risk of kidney stones
a high concentration of calcium in the renal filtrate due to hyperparathyroidism with high ca
what kind of hormone is PTH
peptide
primary cause of hyperparathyroidism
due to PTH tumor
osteomalacia
bone demineralization in adults, due to high PTH and low vitamin D
rickets
bone remineralization in kinds due to high PTH and low vitamin D
what causes failure of respiration
low PTH- hypoparathyroidism
what is tetany and parasthesia cuased by
hypoparathyroidism
what does PTH do to phophate in kidneys
increase its excretion
7-dehydrocholesterol
the biologically inactive precursor of vitamin D3 calcitriol
what does estrogen do
increases osteoblast activity and decreases osteoclast activity
what kind of hormone is vitamin d
steroid
treatment of rickets
vitamin D therapy
what does cortisol do to ca regulation
into ECF
passive filtration of ca
does it go into our out of kidney
into kidney from ECF
what stimulates PTH secretion
low plasma ca
what do osteoclasts secrete
enzymes and acid
bone resoprtion meaning
taking calcium into ECF from bone
what kind of hyperparathyroidism causes rickets and osteomalacia
hyperparathyroidism with vitamin d deficiency
what activates genes in dozen cell types in the body
vitamin D
what activates genes in dozen cell types in the body
vitamin Dl
limited tissue distribution
the idea that alle GLUTs but 4 are present on thier cell membrane
insulin effect on fat metabolism
dec FA and increases triglyceride storage
inhibits lipolyiss
what inhibits lipolyisis
insulin
how is diabetes mellitus diagnosed
glucose tolerance test
what hormone does high AA stimulate the secretion of
glucagon
what diseases occur due to glycosylation reactions
neuropathy, nephropaty, cardiovascular disease
where do the endorcrine hormones of the pancreas drain from
the hepatic portal vein
what do glucocorticoids and stress do to insulin receptors
decrease thier affinity
what does glucagon break down
everything
what does protein anabolism
insulin
what does adrenal gland insuficiency lead to
increasing affinity of insulin receptors
which tissues dont need insulin for glucose uptake
brain and liver
what does glucose entry in small intestine stimulate
GIP and GLP-1
what does higher parasympathetic activtity lead to
insulin release
what does a beta cell tumor cause
hypoglycemai
what increases the formatin of ketone bodies from fatty acids
glucagon
what acts in paracrine fashion
somatostatin
