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MED 310 > extra > Flashcards

extra Flashcards

1
Q

how can we increase muscle contraction

A

inc a1- higher contractile forces- fast twitch
inc freq
inc motor neurons

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2
Q

less myoglobin what kind of twitch

A

fast

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3
Q

more myoglobin, more mitochondria (oxidative), low work intensities, fatigue resistant, slow shortening velocity

A

slow fibres

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4
Q

fibre innervation by motor units

A

all fibres innervated by an individual motor unit have same fibre type but not both but the muscle contains both

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5
Q

oxidative glycolytic

A

type 2 (fast twitch)

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6
Q

glycolytic

A

type 2 (fast twitch)

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7
Q

ocidative

A

slow twitch (type 1)

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8
Q

glutamate ionotropic receptors

A

NMDA
AMPA
kianate

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9
Q

GPCR glutamate receptor

A

metabotropic glutamate recepts

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10
Q

acetylcholine ionotropic receptor

A

nicotinic

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11
Q

acetylcholine GPCR receptor

A

muscranic

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12
Q

what kkind of recepotrs are neuropeptide

A

GPCR

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13
Q

model of plasma membrane structure

A

fluid mosaic model

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14
Q

what moves in osmosi

A

just water

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15
Q

tonic solutions refer to what

A

non peneratrating solutions

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16
Q

Tm

A

transport maximum when carirer mediated diffusion is saturated and cant grow proportionally with concentration gradeint

17
Q

what causes na/K pump to change conformatioon

A

phsophorylation which also causes high afffinity sites for K to show

18
Q

what causes release of phosphate group

A

K binding releases p group

19
Q

what does the plasma membrane of all cells have

A

membrane potential

20
Q

membrane returning to rest after depolarizing

A

repolarization

21
Q

membrane becomes more polarized than resting

A

hyperpolarized. becomes more negative

22
Q

decrease in membrane potential

A

depolarization

23
Q

increase in membrane potetntial

A

repolarization and hyperpolarzation

24
Q

two types of channels

A

leak and gated channesl

25
Q

chemically or mechanilcally gated potentials

A

graded

26
Q

what occurs across the plasma membrane

A

current loss

27
Q

calcualtes resting potential of all ions that cross the membrane

A

GHK

28
Q

mediates rapid tramsmittion of informatino

A

AP

29
Q

what has conducting and non conducting states

A

ion channels
also act as filters allowing only specific ions thorugh the membrane

30
Q

relies on voltage gated channesl

A

action potentials

31
Q

nderlies all or none resposne of APs

A

Na channes positive feedback

32
Q

leads na and k channels to return to closed state

A

membrane repolarization

33
Q

when is it harder to elicit an AP

A

during AHP

34
Q

why does hyperpolarizatin occur

A

bc k channesl are persistantly oopen

35
Q

what potential wane and what doesnt

A

graded wane bc current loss across membrane and not regenerative
AP do not wane bc regenerative

36
Q

what prevents backwards propagation

A

K persistance in leaving makes it harder to elicit another AP

MED 310 (47 decks)

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